Multiaxial stress creep rupture mechanisms of AZ31 magnesium alloy

The maximum principal stresses, von Mises effective stresses and principal facet stresses at the time of creep rupture were compared in uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial stress states for AZ31 magnesium alloy. The creep rupture of this alloy was experimentally controlled by cavitation, which was the result of a low damage tolerance, λ. Creep deformation could be correlated with the von Mises effective stress parameter. The failure-mechanism control parameter governing the stress state coincided with the experimental results of the rupture of the materials under multiaxial stress states. Finally, the theoretical prediction based on constrained cavity growth and continuous nucleation agreed with the experimental rupture data to within a factor of three.     

基于红外温差的沥青路面渗水状况快速评价技术

提出了利用红外热差原理的沥青路面渗水状况快速评价技术,基于开发的红外快速渗水检测车,重点研究了现场路面温差与渗水系数关系判定准则。依托实体工程,对红外快速渗水检测车的测试结果进行人工复核,并与路面钻取芯样的浸水飞散损失比对。结果表明:红外渗水检测车测试的结果不仅能与现场路况一一对应,且与室内试验结果相关性好;作为一种快速评价路面渗水状况的技术,效率、精度均较高。     

Influence of polygonal wear of railway wheels on the wheel set axle stress

The coupled vehicle/track dynamic model with the flexible wheel set was developed to investigate the effects of polygonal wear on the dynamic stresses of the wheel set axle. In the model, the railway vehicle was modelled by the rigid multibody dynamics. The wheel set was established by the finite element method to analyse the high-frequency oscillation and dynamic stress of wheel set axle induced by the polygonal wear based on the modal stress recovery method. The slab track model was taken into account in which the rail was described by the Timoshenko beam and the three-dimensional solid finite element was employed to establish the concrete slab. Furthermore, the modal superposition method was adopted to calculate the dynamic response of the track. The wheel/rail normal forces and the tangent forces were, respectively, determined by the Hertz nonlinear contact theory and the Shen–Hedrick–Elkins model. Using the coupled vehicle/track dynamic model, the dynamic stresses of wheel set axle with consideration of the ideal polygonal wear and measured polygonal wear were investigated. The results show that the amplitude of wheel/rail normal forces and the dynamic stress of wheel set axle increase as the vehicle speeds rise. Moreover, the impact loads induced by the polygonal wear could excite the resonance of wheel set axle. In the resonance region, the amplitude of the dynamic stress for the wheel set axle would increase considerably comparing with the normal conditions.     

潜艇耐压结构泵水和下潜状态应力分析

基于求解环肋柱壳的传统方法和有限元法,对潜艇耐压船体在受到内压和外压时应力状态进行了研究。根据传统理论和数值计算结果,对两种状态下的应力进行了详细的对比分析,可以得出受到内压状态时应力要小,并且随着设计潜深的加大两者的偏差也会加大。研究对正确理解泵水和下潜状态下应力之间的关系以及对潜艇结构设计都有重要意义。     

外墙外保温系统的抗火问题研究

该文阐述了外墙外保温系统抗火的重要性,并分析国内外相关技术的发展现状。在此基础上,从保温材料的选择、节点构造、防火构造等三个方面,对现有外墙外保温系统抗火的要求进行了分析与探讨,并对施工提出了建议。     

路基棚洞设计与施工技术的研究

为保护老狐山隧道右线出口路基段的边坡和自然环境,减少开挖,采用棚洞的结构型式,避免由于大开挖引起的边坡或山体不稳定而产生的落石、滑坡滑塌等灾害发生。用midas数值计算软件对棚洞结构进行计算,得出棚洞结构的位移和应力,并和规范进行对比,结果显示棚洞结构是安全的。对高边坡工程的处治有一定的指导意义。     

地铁转向架构架动应力测试滤波频率的确定

文章结合上海地铁某转向架线路试验动应力测试结果,分析了典型信号的频率特性,对转向架动应力数据采用不同频率滤波,对滤波后的信号数据进行了比较,并结合采样定理提出了适用于地铁转向架荷载测试的滤波和采样频率。     

路政管理为工程建设服务的体会

阐述提前介入容量县至岑溪一级公路梧州工程建设的路政管理，对推动施工顺利进行和确保良好的路容路貌的体会。     

高效燃烧汽油机技术特点分析与研究

参照近代内燃机技术手段可知,采用阿特金森循环等传统降油耗技术手段往往伴随着发动机动力性能的妥协,因此寻找一种兼顾动力性与经济性的提升热效技术手段变得迫在眉睫。阐述了马自达SKYACTIV-X、现代起亚Smartstream 1.5 L Turbo GDI等高热效汽油机技术路线的原理、结构形式、技术特点,为日后研发工作指明了方向。     

盾构隧道始发与到达段环间纵向压力空间分布规律研究

现场实测数据表明，盾构隧道始发与到达段各断面纵向压力较小，可能导致环缝漏水。为解决此问题，通过求解描述隧道变形特征的微分方程，获得隧道始发与到达段纵向力的分布规律；并以此为依据，提出纵向拉结构件的设计方法。研究结果表明： 1)在不采用拉结措施的情况下，进出洞口附近纵向力最小，接近于0； 2)距离洞口越远的断面，其纵向力越大； 3)采用纵向拉结措施可以有效地增大始发与到达段断面纵向力。在对纵向拉结构件进行设计时，其最小横截面积由隧道刚度和环缝止水垫闭合压力决定，其最小长度由隧道和地层之间的切向黏结刚度决定。