超深基槽重力式码头结构选型与设计关键技术

通过对一个典型超深基槽重力式码头结构选型和设计关键技术的介绍和研究,分析了结构选型决策影响因素,针对持力层选择、基槽开挖、基槽抛石、地基承载力保证、沉降控制等结构设计的重点与难点问题提出对策措施,为类似工程设计提供参考。     

Numerical method on load sharing problem of thick laminate joints

Accurately and efficiently predicting the load sharing of multi~bolt thick laminate joints is necessary to quicken the optimization of the large-scale structures over various design variables, and a two-dimensional （2D） finite element method （FEM） is introduced to meet such a demand. The deformation contributions of the joint zone are analyzed and calculated separately, including the shearing deformation of the fasteners shank, the bending deformation of the fasteners shank, and the bearing deformation of the fasteners and joint plates. These deformations are all transferred and incorporated into the components of the fastener＇s flexibility. In the 2D finite element model, the flexibilities of the beam elements and bush elements are used to simulate different components of the fastener＇s flexibility. The parameters of the beam elements which include the bending moment of inertia and intersection area, and the parameters of the bush elements which include the stiffness in different directions, are all obtained through equalizing the fasteners flexibilities. In addition, the secondary bending effect introduced by the single-lap joints is also taken into account to verify the flexibilities of the fasteners in practical application. The proposed FEM is testified to be more accurate than the traditional 2D FEMs and more efficient than the three-dimensional （3D） FEM in solving load sharing problem of multi-bolt single-lap thick laminate joints. With the increase of joint plates＇ thickness, the advantages of the proposed method tend to be more obvious. The proposed 2D FEM is an effective tool for designing bolted joints in large-scale composite structures.     

复合材料层合板低速冲击损伤特性影响因素

基于二维Hashin失效准则,在充分考虑低速冲击下层合板纤维和基体拉压失效等损伤模式下,计及材料退化并引入损伤因子,运用ABAQUS软件建立复合材料层合板低速冲击有限元模型。运用该模型深入研究层合板低速冲击问题,考察其动态响应和损伤演化过程,数值结果和实验值吻合良好,验证模型的合理性和准确性。在此基础上,通过对层合板进行各冲击工况的数值模拟,详细讨论冲击能量、铺层形式等参数对层合板低速冲击动态响应和损伤特性的影响规律。     

板弯曲元列式的一致位移—杂交应力有限元方法

本文基于 Reissner-Mindlin 板弯曲理论,并引用一致场的概念,建立了一个四边形杂交应力板元(CDHP)。数值结果表明,在收敛性方面与LH4(Spilker,1980)极为相似,而对歪斜网格模型的敏感程度大大低于 LH4。根据 MIN4(Tessler,1983)和 CDHP 的数值比较研究可见,企图用完全一致的位移插值来克服“自锁”是不易的,试图用替代应变函数的方法达到这一目的也是无效的。在这方面,本文的方法具有优势,且有直接和简单的特点。     

玄武岩纤维/铝合金层合板低速冲击性能及应用研究

制备一种玄武岩纤维/铝合金层合板复合结构,通过试验和仿真,探讨该复合结构的拉伸、压缩、剪切、弯曲和抗冲击特性。采用连续壳单元模拟纤维层,建立低速冲击仿真模型,从能量吸收、接触力和层合板损伤程度3个方面,研究铺层结构和冲击载荷角度对纤维金属层合板抗冲击性能的影响。最后,将纤维金属层合板应用于发动机罩外板,进行发动机罩静态刚度和行人头部碰撞仿真分析。结果表明,与原发动机罩相比,纤维金属层合板发动机罩的弯曲刚度和扭转刚度均有不同程度提高,行人头部保护性能得到改善。     

桥梁拼接中CFL技术的理论研究

讨论了桥梁拼接技术中伸缩缝连接、刚性连接和碳纤维薄板(CFL)连接3种方案。基于3个基本假定,应用有限元原理建立CFL弹性薄壳单元模型,给出了CFL弹性薄壳单元刚度矩阵。以一座跨径组合为5×30 m的5跨预应力混凝土连续箱梁拓宽工程为例,对刚性拼接和CFL拼接结构分别建立三维有限元模型。重点研究了CFL拼接结构的三维仿真模型。对于不同拼接方案,对比分析新旧桥拼接后结构内力及位移的变化情况。研究结果表明,相对于常用的刚性拼接方案,CFL拼接方案对于既有箱梁的轴力、弯矩、剪力的变化影响较小,是桥梁拓宽工程中的一种可行的纵缝拼接方案。     

改建工程中浆砌片石护面墙技术治理措施的分析

早期工程中的浆砌片石护面墙防护工程．在工程改建时,急需与道路其他部分一样进行维修、治理。结合安徽某高速公路,从工程治理和绿化两方面对改建工程中浆砌片石护面墙的治理技术进行分析,可为类似工程提供借鉴。     

碳纤维薄板增强RC梁的温度应力分析

基于RC结构和碳纤维薄板(CFL)热膨胀系数相差较大的特点,根据碳纤维薄板与混凝土的界面上变形协调和RC梁横截面上内力的平衡条件,推导出变温工况下CFL增强RC梁上下缘和CFL内部温度应力的计算公式,并对温度应力的主要影响参数进行了理论和有限元分析。算例计算结果表明,理论解析解与有限元计算结果较吻合。     

泥浆护壁在深海大直径砂桩检测中的应用

上海国际航运中心洋山深水海基采用大直径深海砂桩。砂桩钻孔检测为防止塌孔埋住钻具,采用泥浆护壁。文章介绍了海水制浆的制备原理、材料选择、泥浆护壁的作用以及个别塌孔的原因分析。结果表明,一阶段工程检测顺利,取得满意的效果,为下阶段检测工作取得经验。     

Degradation behavior of epoxy resins in fibre metal laminates under thermal conditions

GLARE (glass fibre/epoxy reinforced aluminum laminate) is a member of the fiber metal laminate (FML) family, and is built up of alternating metal and fiber layers. About 500 m² GLARE is employed in each Airbus A380 because of the superior mechanical properties over the monolithic aluminum alloys, such as weight reduction, improved damage tolerance and higher ultimate tensile strength. Many tons of new GLARE scraps have been accumulated during the Airbus A380 manufacturing. Moreover, with the increasing plane orders of Airbus A380, more and more end-of-life (EOL) GLARE scrap will be generated after retire of planes within forty years. Thermal processing is a potential method for the material recycling and re-use from GLARE with the aim of environmental protection and economic benefits. The current study indicatdes that thermal delamination is a crucial pre-treatment step for the GLARE recycling. The decomposition behavior of the epoxy resins at elevated temperatures was investigated by using the simultaneous thermal analysis, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Based on the thermal analysis results, GLARE thermal delamination experiments at refined temperatures were carried out to optimize the treatment temperature and holding time.