金温线横向振幅超限桥梁的列车走行性分析

金温线部分桥梁横向振幅超过<检规>规定的行车安全限值,运营部门担心存在脱轨危险,急需对这些桥梁列车走行性进行评估,以便采取适当的处理措施.建立列车-桥梁系统振动计算模型,运用列车脱轨能量随机分析理论,分析了金温线4座预应力混凝土梁桥的列车走行性.分析结果表明:在现行行车条件下,武义江桥、岭下桥与好溪桥列车走行安全性、平...     

邮政车辆调度问题及其优化算法

从邮政实际运营情况出发,在兼顾其他限制条件的同时,着重研究带路程长度和装载能力限制的邮车调度问题,抽象出此类问题的数学模型,并设计一个禁忌搜索算法进行求解。算例测试结果表明,采用该算法可以在很短的时间内求出较高质量的邮车调度问题的优化解。     

Travel time estimation from sparse floating car data with consistent path inference: A fixed point approach

Estimation of urban network link travel times from sparse floating car data (FCD) usually needs pre-processing, mainly map-matching and path inference for finding the most likely vehicle paths that are consistent with reported locations. Path inference requires a priori assumptions about link travel times; using unrealistic initial link travel times can bias the travel time estimation and subsequent identification of shortest paths. Thus, the combination of path inference and travel time estimation is a joint problem. This paper investigates the sensitivity of estimated travel times, and proposes a fixed point formulation of the simultaneous path inference and travel time estimation problem. The methodology is applied in a case study to estimate travel times from taxi FCD in Stockholm, Sweden. The results show that standard fixed point iterations converge quickly to a solution where input and output travel times are consistent. The solution is robust under different initial travel times assumptions and data sizes. Validation against actual path travel time measurements from the Google API and an instrumented vehicle deployed for this purpose shows that the fixed point algorithm improves shortest path finding. The results highlight the importance of the joint solution of the path inference and travel time estimation problem, in particular for accurate path finding and route optimization.     

公路排水设计中应注意的几个问题

水是影响公路使用功能和耐久性的重要因素,公路的排水设计对路基的稳定性和路面的使用寿命具有显著影响。随着公路设计新理念的提出,又对其在安全和环保等方面提出了更高的要求。此文结合已往排水设计中存在的一些问题,对公路排水设计的原则、标准和方法进行分析和探讨。     

杭州市西湖隧道防水措施实例

如何减少和控制地下隧道的渗漏水,已成为一个值得研究、必须研究的课题。本文以西湖隧道为实 例,介绍一些隧道防水的有效措施。     

A Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy with multiclass network equilibria

This paper extends the work on Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy for general road networks by considering heterogeneous users with different values of time. Mathematical programming models are proposed to find a multiclass Pareto-improving pure road space rationing scheme (MPI-PR) and multiclass hybrid rationing and pricing schemes (MHPI and MHPI-S). A numerical example with a multimodal network is provided for comparing both the efficiency and equity of the three proposed policies. We discover that MHPI-S can achieve the largest reduction in total system delay, MHPI can induce the least spatial inequity and MHPI-S is a progressive policy which is appealing to policy makers. Furthermore, numerical results reveal that different classes of users react differently to the same hybrid policies and multiclass Pareto-improving hybrid schemes yield less delay reduction when compared to their single-class counterparts.     

有时间约束旅行商问题的启发式遗传算法

有时间约束的旅行商问题作为旅行商问题的拓展,是一个重要的NP难题,深入研究这一问题具有重要的理论和实践意义。将时间窗约束转化为目标约束,采用序列编码设计了基于启发式规则的可同时处理软、硬时间约束的遗传算法——2-交换变异的遗传算法和3-交换变异的遗传算法。实验表明HGA1优于简单遗传算法(SGA),HGA2优于HGA1。     

浅谈农村公路建设存在的问题与对策

针对当前农村公路建设、养护管理现状和存在的问题,提出一些建议,供同行参考.     

基于格子Boltzmann方法的船舶风力助推转子绕流特性

风力转子推进装置节能环保,降低推力成本,有利于船舶行业的绿色发展。基于多松弛格子Boltzmann方法,对并列风力助推转子绕流进行数值模拟。首先模拟单圆柱绕流的流动特性,以验证程序的可靠性,重点探究双圆柱的间距比和转速比对圆柱绕流特性的影响。获取圆柱的升阻力系数以及尾流流型,验证临界转速比的存在。结果显示:旋转可以有效地抑制涡的生成和脱落,当转速比达到临界转速比时,漩涡彻底消失,流场变得稳定;时均升力系数的绝对值和时均阻力系数随转速比的增大分别增大和减小。     

浸没边界格子Boltzmann方法的改进及转动圆柱绕流模拟

针对浸没边界格子Boltzmann方法计算效率不足的问题,提出一种改进浸没边界格子Boltzmann方法。通过使用作用力格子Boltzmann模型,并简化流固耦合作用力的计算方法,使计算流程得到简化,同时,对比原方法转动圆柱绕流计算结果,计算时间缩短一半以上,提高了数值计算效率。结合改进算法研究转动圆柱绕流的流场升阻力系数、压力系数、流场速度等流体参数场随转速比的关系,揭示了一定的转动圆柱绕流动力学规律。研究结果表明,改进方法准确可靠。