谈股票期权制度

股票期权对企业经营管理人员是一种有效的长期激励机制,在分析股票期权制度积极作用的同时,指出了股票期权制度的消极之处,对我国一些上市公司使用股票期权制度存在的问题进行了探讨。     

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内陆集装箱空箱站场是集装箱运输公司的内陆空箱调运网络的节点，其布局合理与否对集装箱运输公司降低成本、提高服务质量有重大影响．本文通过对传统的站场选址方法进行研究，根据内陆空箱站场选址的具体特征，建立了内陆集装箱空箱站场选址的混合整数规划模型，并对传统的求解该问题的禁忌搜索算法进行了改进．通过试验表明该改进算法具有较好的全局寻优能力，为集装箱空箱站场选址优化提供了一种新的思路和方法．     

性别歧视在英语言语中的反映

本文在一些语言学家研究成果的基础上，结合作者本人的实际调查，从语义，词性，词序以及构词等方面进行分析，讨论了性别歧视在英语言语中的体现，同时，还对语言随社会的发展而演变，从而使性别歧视现象在言语中弱化的可能性做了深入探讨。     

南宁市防洪体系与抗洪对策

本文介绍了南宁市的气象、水文特征及其防洪体系 ,并对抗洪工作提出了若干意见。     

饱和土与结构动力相互作用影响函数

依据外力作用下两相饱和土介质动力响应的基本解，构造了柱面荷载作用下，饱和土与结构动力相互作用影响函数，解决了用边界元法分析饱和土与结构动力相互作用的关键问题。     

Simple Lagrangian formulation of bubbly flow in a turbulent boundary layer (bubbly boundary layer flow)

For the theoretical consideration of a system for reducing skin friction, a mathematical model was derived to represent, in a two-phase field, the effect on skin friction of the injection of micro air bubbles into the turbulent boundary layer of a liquid stream. Based on the Lagrangian method, the equation of motion governing a single bubble was derived. The random motion of bubbles in a field initially devoid of bubbles was then traced in three dimensions to estimate void fraction distributions across sections of the flow channel, and to determine local bubble behavior. The liquid phase was modeled on the principle of mixing length. Assuming that the force exerted on the liquid phase was equal to the fluid drag generated by bubble slip, an equation was derived to express the reduction in turbulent shear stress. Corroborating experimental data were obtained from tests using a cavitation tunnel equipped with a slit in the ceiling from which bubbly water was injected. The measurement data provided qualitative substantiation of the trend shown by the calculated results with regard to the skin friction ratio between cases with and without bubble injection as function of the distance downstream from the point of bubble injection.List of symbols B law of wall constant - C _f local coefficient of skin friction - C _f0 local coefficient of skin friction in the absence of bubbles - d _b bubble diameter [m] - g acceleration of gravity [m/s²] - k ₁ k₄ proportional coefficient - k _L turbulent energy of the liquid phase [m²/s²] - L representative length [m] - l _b mean free path of a bubble [m] - m _A added mass of a single bubble [kg] - m _b mass of a single bubble [kg] - N _x ,N _y ,N _z force perpendicular to the wall or ceiling exerted on a bubble adhering to that wall or ceiling [N] - P absolute pressure [Pa] - Q _G rate of air supply [/min] - q _L ⁽ⁱ⁾ turbulent velocity at the ith time increment [m/s] - R> _ex Reynolds number defined by Eq. 32 - T _*L integral time scale of the liquid phase [s] - U velocity of the main stream [m/s] - ,¯v,¯w time-averaged velocity components [m/s] - u,v,w turbulent velocity components [m/s] - û _L ,v_L root mean square values of liquid phase turbulence components in thex- and y-directions [m/s] - V volume of a single bubble [m³] - X,Y,Z components of bubble displacement [m] - x _s ,y _s ,z _s coordinate of a random point on a sphere of unit diameter centered at the coordinate origin - root mean square of bubble displacement in they-direction in reference to the turbulent liquid phase velocity [m] - local void fraction - _m mean void fraction in a turbulent region - regular random number - R _v increment of the horizontal component of the force acting on a single bubble, defined by Eq. 22 [N] - t time increment [s] - ₁ reduction of turbulent stress [N/m²] - _L rate of liquid energy dissipation [m²/s³] - _m coefficient defined by Eq. 30 - law of wall constant in the turbulent region in absence of bubbles - ₁ law of wall constant in the turbulent region in presence of bubbles     

基于欠定盲源分离的柴油机曲轴轴承故障诊断方法研究

针对柴油机曲轴轴承振动信号盲源分离的欠定问题,提出了基于相空间重构和动态聚类奇异值分解的适定化方法。首先通过引入广义时间窗的概念确定最佳时间延迟和嵌入维数,重构信号相空间矩阵;然后对其进行奇异值分解,并对奇异值进行动态聚类以确定最佳重构阶数,进而重构得到虚拟观测信号,从而将欠定问题转变为适定或超定;最后利用自适应Parafac方法对原观测信号与虚拟观测信号构成虚拟传播路径进行盲源分离得到有效源信号。仿真结果表明,该方法可有效分离出混合信号中的源信号,并将其应用到柴油机曲轴轴承故障诊断中,诊断准确率提高了18.4%。     

新建机场快线速度目标值选择的方法研究

速度目标值是城市轨道交通制定技术标准的重要依据,其选择的关键是找到速度目标与经济成本的平衡点。以拉萨市机场快线拟建项目为例,在保障功能、兼顾发展的基础上,寻求工程综合经济效益最大化。通过不同速度目标值对线路技术标准、车站分布、时间目标值进行适应性分析,确定速度目标值选择范围。根据选择范围内速度目标值对应的车辆购置费、土建工程费、系统工程费、运营成本进行分析,量化比较指标,推荐速度目标采用160 km/h,为相关设计和决策人员提供参考。     

基于MIV-BP模型和AIC准则的盾构掘进参数优化研究

为解决水下隧道和隧洞工程盾构施工关键掘进参数在复合地层中难以控制的问题,以广东陆丰核电站1、2号机组排水隧洞工程盾构施工为背景,将平均影响值(Mean Impact Value,MIV)算法引入BP神经网络模型,筛选出对施工效果影响显著的关键掘进参数,在此基础上,基于AIC准则对其进行最优分布拟合,提出以50%和90%置信水平下的置信区间,分别作为掘进参数的控制区间和预警区间的掘进参数优化设计方案,并基于Python脚本语言自带的开源Scikit-Learn、SciPy模块库开发了相应的程序。分析结果表明,刀盘扭矩、总推力等参数对隧洞拱顶沉降起重要的控制作用,所开发程序具有良好的统计分析、快速指导施工的功能,可以为同类型盾构在相似复合地层下掘进参数的选取、优化和隧洞拱顶沉降量的控制提供参考。     

武汉地铁第三轨受流器动态接触力测量模型及参数标定

为准确获得第三轨受流器的动态接触力,以武汉地铁某线列车使用的第三轨受流器结构为研究对象,采用有限元法确定了应变片的布置位置,建立了靴轨动态接触力与应变值/加速度值的理论关系式,通过静、动态标定试验获得关系式中的等效参数,并通过对比分析验证了模型和等效参数的精确性。