舰载作战系统时间统一技术构想

根据舰载作战系统时间统一技术的应用现状，分析了现有舰载作战系统时间统一技术的不足。随着舰载作战系统技术及作战模式的不断更新，分析和探讨了一种新型舰载作战系统时统设备的体系架构，并展望了新型舰载作战系统时间统一技术的发展趋势。     

海军指控系统授时技术研究

如何有效地解决海军指控系统的时统一直是海上C^3I系统研究领域里的难点。提出了一种通用的海上C^3I系统授时软件框架，该框架的实现将大大促进海上C^3I系统的研制开发和作战使用研究。     

Modelling Pseudocalanus elongatus stage-structured population dynamics embedded in a water column ecosystem model for the northern North Sea

This paper outlines an approach to couple a structured zooplankton population model with state variables for eggs, nauplii, two copepodites stages and adults adapted to Pseudocalanus elongatus into the complex marine ecosystem model ECOHAM2 with 13 state variables resolving the carbon and nitrogen cycle. Different temperature and food scenarios derived from laboratory culture studies were examined to improve the process parameterisation for copepod stage dependent development processes. To study annual cycles under realistic weather and hydrographic conditions, the coupled ecosystem–zooplankton model is applied to a water column in the northern North Sea. The main ecosystem state variables were validated against observed monthly mean values. Then vertical profiles of selected state variables were compared to the physical forcing to study differences between zooplankton as one biomass state variable or partitioned into five population state variables. Simulated generation times are more affected by temperature than food conditions except during the spring phytoplankton bloom. Up to six generations within the annual cycle can be discerned in the simulation.     

Mixed manual/semi-automated traffic: a macroscopic analysis

The use of advanced technologies and intelligence in vehicles and infrastructure could make the current highway transportation system much more efficient. Semi-automated vehicles with the capability of automatically following a vehicle in front as long as it is in the same lane and in the vicinity of the forward looking ranging sensor are expected to be deployed in the near future. Their penetration into the current manual traffic will give rise to mixed manual/semi-automated traffic. In this paper, we analyze the fundamental flow–density curve for mixed traffic using flow–density curves for 100% manual and 100% semi-automated traffic. Assuming that semi-automated vehicles use a time headway smaller than today’s manual traffic average due to the use of sensors and actuators, we have shown using the flow–density diagram that the traffic flow rate will increase in mixed traffic. We have also shown that the flow–density curve for mixed traffic is restricted between the flow–density curves for 100% manual and 100% semi-automated traffic. We have presented in a graphical way that the presence of semi-automated vehicles in mixed traffic propagates a shock wave faster than in manual traffic. We have demonstrated that the presence of semi-automated vehicles does not change the total travel time of vehicles in mixed traffic. Though we observed that with 50% semi-automated vehicles a vehicle travels 10.6% more distance than a vehicle in manual traffic for the same time horizon and starting at approximately the same position, this increase is marginal and is within the modeling error. Lastly, we have shown that when shock waves on the highway produce stop-and-go traffic, the average delay experienced by vehicles at standstill is lower in mixed traffic than in manual traffic, while the average number of vehicles at standstill remains unchanged.     

船舶柴油机-调距桨自动控制推进系统实时仿真

本文论述了基于微型电子计算机(笔者使用TRS-80微型计算机)对船舶柴油机-调距桨联合自动控制系统进行实时仿真的方法。并用该实时仿真系统获得了船舶推迸系统的动态特性曲线。解决了这个多输入、多输出、非线性的复杂自动控制系统的动态特性求解问题。本文重点探讨建立该实时仿真系统的两个关键问题:(1)对象的非线性;(2)微型计算机速度慢与实时仿真要求速度快的矛盾。     

Freeway path travel time prediction based on heterogeneous traffic data through nonparametric model

Providing reliable travel time prediction is very much needed for commuters for their upcoming trips to reduce travel time and relieve traffic congestion. This article proposes an integrated model for path and multi-step-ahead travel time prediction on freeways using both historical and real-time heterogeneous traffic and weather data. The model's performance is investigated in a case study under various traffic scenarios. Results indicate that the proposed model provides satisfactory prediction results in various performance tests. For practical purposes, general guidelines for selecting the model's parameter sets as well as the efficient size of historical data are also presented.     

深水刚性跨接管安装过程中关键因素分析

结合中国南海1500m水深海况,使用非线性时域分析软件Orcaflex建立“M”型深水刚性跨接管有限元模型。分析跨接管在波浪及海流作用下,三种典型安装工况：提升工况,通过飞溅区工况以及着陆工况中,不同浪向和绞车下放速度对跨接管强度的影响。并根据API RP 2RD规范校核不同安装工况中的牵引力和结构应力响应是否满足要求。结果表明：提升过程中,绞车需要控制适宜的提升速度以避免发生支撑框架结构碰撞;通过飞溅区过程中, 45°浪向角时跨接管的应力响应最小,为理想施工浪向角;着陆过程中,绞车牵引力达到最大值,数值仿真可以预报安装施工船所需的基本起重能力。分析结果对南海深水跨接管安装具有一定参考意义。     

大跨度连续梁桥的地震时程反应分析

运用有限元程序Midas对哈（尔滨）一大（连）铁路客运专线大连至沈阳段营海特大桥主桥大跨预应力混凝土连续梁进行了自振特性分析及地震荷载作用下的时程分析,通过计算得出了连续梁的前十阶的频率、振型,并进一步计算了在地震作用下结构的内力和位移,计算结果显示在罕遇地震作用下墩底可能会出现塑性铰导致桥墩产生塑性变形,为结构安全性的验证提供了可靠的参考数据。     

基于排队状态的单点交叉口动态信号配时算法

以绿灯末尾排队状态为目标,研究了二相位控制单点交叉口的动态信号配时。根据排队形成和消散过程建立了排队模型,分析了信号周期、绿信比和到达率对排队状态的影响。以两相位排队均处在弱欠饱和状态为控制目标,提出了随到达率变化的简便信号配时算法,根据总流量比计算信号周期,根据较大的流量比调节主相位绿信比。仿真结果表明:信号周期缓慢地同向改变两相排队状态,绿信比反向改变两相排队状态,到达率仅改变相应相位的排队状态。当交叉口饱和流率为0.50 pcu·s-1,黄灯和绿灯前损时间为4 s,到达率在0.10～0.26 pcu·s-1之间变化时,两相排队始终都在弱欠饱和状态,说明配时算法是有效的。     

带时间窗的动态车辆路径问题的局部搜索算法

为有效求解带时间窗的动态车辆路径问题,建立了该问题的数学模型,通过计划周期分片,将动态问题转换为一系列的静态子问题,采用插入法构造初始解,并将重定位法、节点交换法和2-opt*法3种线路间局部搜索方法,以及2-opt法和Or-opt法2种线路内局部搜索方法的不同组合应用于初始解的改进,分析了客户出现时间、地理位置分布与不同客户时间窗范围对线路选择的影响,比较了标准算例的求解结果。结果表明:在线路间进行局部搜索时,重定位法的效果最好,2-opt*法次之,节点交换法的最差;在线路内进行局部搜索时,2-opt法优于Or-opt法;当客户请求出现时间越早,客户比较集中,客户时间窗较宽的情况下,使用的车辆数量较少,整个线路的行驶距离较短,客户延迟时间也较短。