Tracking daily travel; Assessing discrepancies between GPS-derived and self-reported travel patterns

Global Positioning Systems (GPS) technologies have been used in conjunction with traditional one- or two-day travel diaries to audit respondent reporting patterns, but we used GPS-based monitoring to conduct the first assessment to our knowledge of travel reporting patterns using a seven-day travel log instrument, which could reduce response burden and provide multiple-day, policy-relevant information for evaluation studies. We found substantial agreement between participant-reported daily travel patterns and GPS-derived patterns among 116 adult residents of a largely low-income and non-white transportation corridor in urbanized Los Angeles in 2011–2013. For all modes, the average difference between daily GPS- and log-derived trip counts was only about 0.39 trips and the average difference between daily GPS- and log-derived walking duration was about −11.8 min. We found that the probability that a day would be associated with agreement or discrepancies between these measurement tools varied by travel mode and participant socio-demographic characteristics. Future research is needed to investigate the potential and limitations of this and other self-report instruments for a larger sample and a wider range of population groups and travel patterns.     

Minimizing CO2e emissions by setting a road toll

The main purpose of this paper is to develop a bi-level pricing model to minimize the CO₂e emissions and the total travel time in a small road network. In the lower level of the model, it is assumed that users of the road network find a dynamic user equilibrium which minimizes the total costs of those in the system. For the higher level of the model, different road toll strategies are applied in order to minimize the CO₂e emissions. The model has been applied to an illustrative example. It shows the effects on traffic flows, revenues, total time and CO₂e emissions for different numbers of servers collecting tolls and different pricing strategies over a morning peak traffic period. The results show that the CO₂e emissions produced can be significantly affected by the number of servers and the type of toll strategy employed. The model is also used to find the best toll strategy when there is a constraint on the revenue that is required to be raised from the toll and how this affects the emissions produced. Further runs compare strategies to minimize the CO₂e emissions with those that minimize total travel time in the road system. In the illustrative example, the results for minimizing CO₂e emissions are shown to be similar to the results obtained from minimizing the total travel time.     

苏州轨道交通线网收费策略综述

为最大程度地发挥轨道交通的社会和经济效益,系统研究轨道交通收费策略.阐述苏州轨道交通线网收费策略的研究思路,在收费原则和运营阶段划分的基础上,详细分析票制、票种、票价等具体收费方法,建立轨道交通线网收费策略的理论体系.就收费策略对城市交通的影响进行研究,以期指导和不断调整收费策略.     

城市道路路面雨水收集与利用系统设计

随着城市化的进一步加速,城市缺水的矛盾也进一步加深,环境与生态问题也同步扩展。为了解决缺水、环境、生态等一连串的矛盾,雨水的收集和利用日益重要,城市雨水利用技术的开发和应用也应运而生。该文介绍的城市道路路面雨水收集与利用系统设计,是一种成本低、实施便利、见效快的城市道路路面雨水收集与利用系统。通过对道路横断面的布置的调整,增设雨水收集设施,将道路路面的雨水先通过道路雨水收水口进入地下盲沟网路,达到雨水过滤、绿化灌溉、绿化储水的三大功能。     

蓄电池固化工艺监测系统的设计与实现

固化是铅蓄电池生极板制造工艺的核心环节,论文介绍了固化工艺监测系统的硬件原理和网络结构,并据此给出了系统的软件实现。     

关于高职院校图书馆资源建设与共享的探讨

本文主要探讨了在提高高职院校人才培养质量的指导思想下,以服务教学为中心,图书馆通过拟定科学的文献采购计划、积极做好图书采购工作、以人为本,发挥馆藏资源最大效用,实现图书信息资源共享。     

机场集疏运系统规划研究

首先分析机场客流的人员构成,了解不同类型乘客的出行需求。通过不同机场乘客交通方式的对比以及与火车站客流集散交通方式的对比,分析乘客出行方式的选择特征,为机场集疏运设施的建设提供依据。然后计算得到不同规模机场适合的客流集散方式。并确定机场集疏运设施规模。最后以上海虹桥机场、长沙黄花机场、温州永强机场为例,说明不同规模机场以及同一机场在不同阶段的集疏运系统的规划方法。     

城市轨道交通自动售检票系统检票机应用软件构架设计与分析

自动售检票(AFC)系统是城市轨道交通运营的重要组成部分.介绍了应用于上海轨道交通5号线AFC系统中的进、出站检票机的组成原理、应用软件构架设计及其软件组件间的相互关系.     

标签算法在识别移动台运动状态中的应用

准确识别移动台的运动过程是应用无线定位技术获取交通信息的基础。在分析移动台运动特征的基础上,阐述了识别移动台运动过程的原理。通过实际的测试获取了GPS机的时空数据,选择不同的时间间隔,应用标签算法识别GPS机的移动、静止状态,得到了不同的识别结果。试验结果显示,在时间间隔选择得当的情况下,标签算法具有良好的识别结果。     

基于控制系统的设备信息采集与管理

以日照港散粮码头自动控制系统为基础,从系统网络结构、PLC实时数据采集、上位机监控与管理功能等方面,介绍了设备信息采集与管理系统的技术方法和特点.