用于连续式搅拌设备计量的差分减量(失重)秤

结合多年工作实践及国内外动态称重计量的广泛深入研究,通过对连续式搅拌设备计量方法的现状和计量精度如何提高的分析,介绍了采用差分减量(失重)秤称量这种全新的计量技术.     

灰色预测的拓扑选择在运量预测中的运用

运用灰色系统理论及GM模型拓朴选择,建立了相应的GM(1,1)模型,运用于运量预测,并以港口吞吐量与货物周转量的预测为例进行校验。结果表明,新息GM(1,1)模型,新陈代谢GM(1,1)模型与原始模型(全数据GM(1,1)模型)三者比较,新陈代谢GM(1,1)模型的精度最高,值得推荐在运量预测中采用。     

Simple Lagrangian formulation of bubbly flow in a turbulent boundary layer (bubbly boundary layer flow)

For the theoretical consideration of a system for reducing skin friction, a mathematical model was derived to represent, in a two-phase field, the effect on skin friction of the injection of micro air bubbles into the turbulent boundary layer of a liquid stream. Based on the Lagrangian method, the equation of motion governing a single bubble was derived. The random motion of bubbles in a field initially devoid of bubbles was then traced in three dimensions to estimate void fraction distributions across sections of the flow channel, and to determine local bubble behavior. The liquid phase was modeled on the principle of mixing length. Assuming that the force exerted on the liquid phase was equal to the fluid drag generated by bubble slip, an equation was derived to express the reduction in turbulent shear stress. Corroborating experimental data were obtained from tests using a cavitation tunnel equipped with a slit in the ceiling from which bubbly water was injected. The measurement data provided qualitative substantiation of the trend shown by the calculated results with regard to the skin friction ratio between cases with and without bubble injection as function of the distance downstream from the point of bubble injection.List of symbols B law of wall constant - C _f local coefficient of skin friction - C _f0 local coefficient of skin friction in the absence of bubbles - d _b bubble diameter [m] - g acceleration of gravity [m/s²] - k ₁ k₄ proportional coefficient - k _L turbulent energy of the liquid phase [m²/s²] - L representative length [m] - l _b mean free path of a bubble [m] - m _A added mass of a single bubble [kg] - m _b mass of a single bubble [kg] - N _x ,N _y ,N _z force perpendicular to the wall or ceiling exerted on a bubble adhering to that wall or ceiling [N] - P absolute pressure [Pa] - Q _G rate of air supply [/min] - q _L ⁽ⁱ⁾ turbulent velocity at the ith time increment [m/s] - R> _ex Reynolds number defined by Eq. 32 - T _*L integral time scale of the liquid phase [s] - U velocity of the main stream [m/s] - ,¯v,¯w time-averaged velocity components [m/s] - u,v,w turbulent velocity components [m/s] - û _L ,v_L root mean square values of liquid phase turbulence components in thex- and y-directions [m/s] - V volume of a single bubble [m³] - X,Y,Z components of bubble displacement [m] - x _s ,y _s ,z _s coordinate of a random point on a sphere of unit diameter centered at the coordinate origin - root mean square of bubble displacement in they-direction in reference to the turbulent liquid phase velocity [m] - local void fraction - _m mean void fraction in a turbulent region - regular random number - R _v increment of the horizontal component of the force acting on a single bubble, defined by Eq. 22 [N] - t time increment [s] - ₁ reduction of turbulent stress [N/m²] - _L rate of liquid energy dissipation [m²/s³] - _m coefficient defined by Eq. 30 - law of wall constant in the turbulent region in absence of bubbles - ₁ law of wall constant in the turbulent region in presence of bubbles     

高速铁路工地试验室、拌合站信息化管理体系研究

高速铁路项目工地试验室、混凝土拌合站信息化管理体系,需从高速铁路施工项目原材料源质量开始把关,实现试验检测和基础数据采集全过程的信息化管理,以数据为基础即时对现场生产和质量进行直接有效管控。文章以新建张家界—吉首—怀化高速铁路站前工程施工总价承包招标ZJHZQ-6标项目为背景,对高速铁路项目工地试验室、拌合站信息化管理体系及应用进行系统阐述。     

软土地基加固处理施工工艺与造价分析

介绍处于连云港软土地基区域的铁路工程项目以往的地基加固的经验,结合目前正在实施的徐连电化工程的中云车站的地基加固措施,论述粉喷桩、旋喷桩这2种常用处理方式的特点。粉喷桩是利用水泥等材料作为固化剂,将水泥粉和软土拌和形成柱状固结体,使软弱土硬结成具有整体性、稳定性和一定强度的地基。旋喷桩是用高压喷射注浆,依靠压力使浆液与土搅拌混合凝固形成固结体,与周围软土共同承受荷载。针对这2种处理方式,从其施工工艺、适宜环境以及处理措施特点等方面进行分析,并对这2种方法的工程造价做重点说明。     

钢浮箱拼装水上可移动式混凝土搅拌平台的设计与应用

用战备多用途浮箱、中60浮箱和常规混凝土搅拌机及浮式抓铲机组拼搅拌平台在深水中进行混凝土生产输送施工,工序简单,快捷方便,不受河宽水深通航影响,并大大提高了施工速度。结合北山特大桥施工实例,阐述多用途浮箱拼组搅拌平台在80m深水中的设计与应用技术。     

粉喷桩复合地基及软岩填料路堤的沉降控制研究

研究目的:采用土工离心模型试验,验证红层地区粉喷桩复合地基及软岩填料路堤的工后沉降是否满足设计控制标准的要求,以指导设计与施工。研究结论:通过试验段的实验研究表明:红层软岩填料的压实系数应控制在0.93以上,且路堤填完后至少6个月才能铺轨。在此条件下,粉喷桩复合地基路堤顶面的工后总沉降能够满足设计控制标准(沉降15 cm,沉降速率4 cm/年)的要求。验证设计采用粉喷桩(桩间距1.0 m,桩直径50 cm)复合地基及软岩填料填筑路堤是可行的。该成果对设计与施工具有重要的指导意义。     

Delaunay三角网剖分中嵌入约束边的局部调整算法

提出了一种建立约束Delaunay三角网（CDT）的算法，该算法对约束数据集先建立非约束Delaunay三角网，然后嵌入约束边对其影响域按角度最大原则进行局部调整，同时使其满足CDT的性质。详细地说明了在CDT中嵌入约束边的过程，同时给出了三角网拓扑关系更新的方法，最后对算法的时间效率进行了分析。该算法执行效率高，并且运行稳定。     

Novel Blind Robust Watermarking Based on Chaotic Mixing

This paper proposed a novel blind robust watermarking scheme. Multi-bits watermark is embedded in the chaotic mixed image blocks. Energy of the watermark is spread to all region of the blocks instead of some individual pixels, which entitles the watermark with imperceptibility and high robustness. A class of 1-D Markov chaotic maps is employed to perform image block mixing and watermark encryption ensures security of the system.To prove the validity of this proposed scheme, some objective comparisons with the popular spread spectrum scheme were also presented. The simulation results show that this scheme can survive processing such as high-ratio JPEG compression, Gaussian noise pollution and histogram equalization.     

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城市公共交通系统通常是用网络来表示并在此基础上对其进行研究的。从研究城市公交系统的网络宏观拓扑性质出发，将城市公共交通系统划分为公交站点网络和公交线路网络，通过引入网络分析中一些常见的重要拓扑参数来对城市公共交通系统进行分析，以北京市公交系统为例，计算并分析了这两种网络的拓扑参数，并从交通工程的角度对这些拓扑参数的具体意义进行了研究，最后从交通工程和城市规划的角度为城市公交系统的建设提出了一些建议。