Specification issues in a generalised random parameters attribute nonattendance model

An extensive literature has recognised that when travel choices are made, only a subset of the attributes of the choice alternatives may be considered or attended to by each decision maker. Numerous econometric approaches have been employed to identify attribute nonattendance (ANA), with the most prevalent in the literature being an adaptation of the latent class model. However, the two latent class structures so far employed either incur a potentially very high parametric cost, or rely on an assumption that nonattendance is independent across all attributes. We present a generalised model that allows for an arbitrary degree of correlation of nonattendance across attributes. In the presented stated choice study investigating short haul flights, this generalised model outperforms the existing approaches. Like two recent papers, the model handles both ANA and preference heterogeneity by combining continuously distributed random parameters with latent classes. However, we present recommendations regarding a number of identification issues stemming from the combination of these two forms of random parameters not covered in those papers. Further, covariates can be introduced into our generalised model to allow insights to be gained into ANA behaviour. We investigate stated ANA as a covariate, and find inferred ANA rates to be more aligned with stated ANA responses than alternative methods.     

柴油机变参数PID控制及半实物仿真研究

分析变参数PID控制器各个参数随着误差信号的变化趋势,得到它们的关系表达式,通过关系式去实现变参数PID控制器的参数校正并进行半实物仿真,半实物仿真结果表明变参数PID控制器能得到较好的控制效果。     

路基路面结构参数统计分析工具的程序实现

路基路面结构参数的统计分析是路基路面质量管理的重要环节，结构参数的统计特征及其概率分布模型是路面结构可靠性分析和设计的前提条件。针对路基路面结构参数，以数理统计知识为基础，利用可视化编程工具Visual C＋＋和MFCODBC数据库访问技术，开发出相应的统计分析系统。利用该系统可建立路基路面结构参数统计分析数据库，实现路基路面结构参数统计分析工作的批量化和自动化。     

基于基桩振动参数和投影寻踪法的基桩承载力预测方法*

基于投影寻踪法对基桩承载力进行了预测.以基桩承载力为因变量,以锤击力最大值、传递给基桩的最大能量值、基桩顶最大动位移、Zv最大值、基桩入土深度、桩径为自变量,得出了基桩承载力的投影寻踪预测模型.研究发现,通过32组实测数据训练后,投影寻踪模型的基桩承载力预测值与高应变动测法实测值的相对误差为±0.071 83％;该模型对6组验证数据的预测值与静载试验实测值、高应变动测法实测值的相对误差分别为±7.352 97％和±6.0111 21％.结果表明,该投影寻踪法预测模型是精确的和可靠的,投影寻踪法是一种较为优越的方法,值得在基桩承载力的预测中推广应用.     

柔性尾鳍仿金枪鱼水下机器人自主游动研究

文章数值模拟了柔性尾鳍的仿金枪鱼水下机器人从静止加速到稳定巡游的自主游动过程,分析了其运动过程中的运动和水动力性能特点及变化,并与刚性尾鳍模型进行了比较.同时详细分析了尾鳍的运动参数如频率,摆动幅度,横移振幅对仿金枪鱼自主游动过程的影响.结果表明,仿金枪鱼在启动加速时效率较低,柔性变形可以较大地提高仿金枪鱼的推进效率;尾鳍的运动参数对自主游动过程有很大的影响:在一定的范围内,增大尾鳍的运动频率、摆动幅度和横移振幅可以提高运动速度、推力和推进效率,但过大的摆幅会降低推进效率.     

船用空气压缩机故障诊断分析与试验研究

活塞式空气压缩机的主要功能由往复运动完成, 振动是其主要故障标志之一。针对往复式空气压缩机各部件运动引起的复合振动激励信号,对各部件建立振动信号模型并提取冲击响应信号特征,在时域与频域里进行综合分析,提取各故障特征参数和判据从而诊断压缩机常见故障。     

A microscopic analysis of speed deviation impacts on lane-changing behavior

Driving behavior models that capture drivers’ tactical maneuvering decisions in different traffic conditions are essential to microscopic traffic simulation systems. This paper focuses on a parameter that has a great impact on road users’ aggressive overtaking maneuvers and directly affects lane-changing models (an integral part of microscopic traffic simulation models), namely, speed deviation. The objective of this research is to investigate the impacts of speed deviation in terms of performance measures (delay time, network mean speed, and travel time duration) and the number of lane-change maneuvers using the Aimsun traffic simulator. Following calibration of the model for a section of urban highway in Tehran, this paper explores the sensitivity of lane-changing maneuvers during different speed deviations by conducting two types of test. Simulation results show that, by decreasing speed deviation, the number of lane changes reduces remarkably and so network safety increases, thus reducing travel time due to an increase in network mean speed.     

某型汽油发电机组“飞车”故障分析及处理措施

针对某型汽油发电机组发生“飞车”故障现象,分析了飞车故障的原因以及调速系统采用的电子调速器存在的隐患,并提出了改进意见和使用维护中注意的问题。     

跨越结构层的反射裂缝扩展过程参数影响分析

基于ABAQUS有限元软件和断裂力学分析理论,采用离散裂缝长度模拟反射裂缝扩展过程,针对裂缝由基层底扩展并跨越至面层顶时,不同结构层参数对裂缝尖端应力强度因子影响进行了分析,并通过工程实例进行了结构层参数优化设计计算。结果表明：在荷载作用下,基层底部往上存在一定范围的受拉区,受拉区裂缝将受到张拉和剪切的混合型作用,面层和基层参数的增大都会引起张拉型应力强度因子的增大,对早期裂缝控制不利;裂缝扩展后期,适当增大基层模量、厚度以及面层厚度可减小剪切型应力强度因子,其中适当增加面层厚度较明显;在防治反射裂缝扩展方面,在保证路面其他控制条件下,应选择较低的面层模量;工程实例的优化设计计算验证了前述结论。     

山岭公路隧道围岩力学参数估计

隧道围岩力学是可根据推广后的Hoek—Brown准则进行估计,但确定地质强度指标GSI值时对岩体结构的划分缺乏定量的描述,为了使隧道围岩结构的描述定量化,将Bieniawski的RMR岩体分级评分系统引进,对GSI取值进行定量化修正,并通过算例说明方法的应用,这为隧道围岩力学参数的估计提供了新的简便、经济、实用的方法。