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城市新区因未完全城市化、居民入住率低等原因,不能用一般城市区域的方法来分析研究行人立体过街设置问题。以贵阳市金阳新区为例,根据新区的公交规划数据,用高峰小时公交站点上下客及其过街的规律,定量分析金阳新区未来一些主要干道上的行人过街量,并结合未来主要干道上机动车高峰小时流量,分析这些主要干道上是否需要设置行人立体过街设施。 相似文献
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就经营性高速公路投资项目而言,建设项目的未来交通量预测是把握项目建设时机、确定建设规模与标准、进行经济和财务评价的基础,直接关系到投资效益,因此交通需求预测的准确性在投资咨询和评估中起先决主导作用。采用定性与定量相结合的OD分析法和后评价类推法,更为直观地分析和预测拟投资项目的交通量,可作为投资决策的依据之一。 相似文献
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Chris M.J. Tampère Ruben CorthoutDirk Cattrysse Lambertus H. Immers 《Transportation Research Part B: Methodological》2011,45(1):289-309
Node models for macroscopic simulation have attracted relatively little attention in the literature. Nevertheless, in dynamic network loading (DNL) models for congested road networks, node models are as important as the extensively studied link models. This paper provides an overview of macroscopic node models found in the literature, explaining both their contributions and shortcomings. A formulation defining a generic class of first order macroscopic node models is presented, satisfying a list of requirements necessary to produce node models with realistic, consistent results. Defining a specific node model instance of this class requires the specification of a supply constraint interaction rule and (optionally) node supply constraints. Following this theoretical discussion, specific macroscopic node model instances for unsignalized and signalized intersections are proposed. These models apply an oriented capacity proportional distribution of the available supply over the incoming links of a node. A computationally efficient algorithm to solve the node models exactly is included. 相似文献
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Vikash V. Gayah Carlos F. Daganzo 《Transportation Research Part B: Methodological》2011,45(4):643-655
A recent study reported that the Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram of a medium size city exhibited a clockwise hysteresis loop on a day in which a major disturbance caused many drivers to use unfamiliar routes. It is shown below that, even in a perfectly symmetric network with uniform demand, clockwise loops are to be expected when there are disturbances, especially if the disturbances cause a significant fraction of the drivers to not change routes adaptively. It is also shown that when drivers are not adaptive networks are inherently more unstable as they recover from congestion than as they are loaded. In other words, during recovery congestion tends more strongly toward unevenness because very congested areas clear more slowly than less congested areas. Since it is known that uneven congestion distributions reduce network flows, it follows that lower network flows should arise during recovery, resulting in clockwise loops. Fortunately, the presence of a sufficient number of drivers that choose routes adaptively to avoid congested areas helps to even out congestion during recovery, increasing flow. Thus, clockwise loops are less likely to occur when driver adaptivity is high. 相似文献
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Xuegang Ban Peng Hao Zhanbo Sun 《Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies》2011,19(6):1133-1156
We study how to estimate real time queue lengths at signalized intersections using intersection travel times collected from mobile traffic sensors. The estimation is based on the observation that critical pattern changes of intersection travel times or delays, such as the discontinuities (i.e., sudden and dramatic increases in travel times) and non-smoothness (i.e., changes of slopes of travel times), indicate signal timing or queue length changes. By detecting these critical points in intersection travel times or delays, the real time queue length can be re-constructed. We first introduce the concept of Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time which is related to the non-smoothness of queuing delay patterns and queue length changes. We then show how measured intersection travel times from mobile sensors can be processed to generate sample vehicle queuing delays. Under the uniform arrival assumption, the queuing delays reduce linearly within a cycle. The delay pattern can be estimated by a linear fitting method using sample queuing delays. Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time can then be obtained from the delay pattern, and be used to estimate the maximum and minimum queue lengths of a cycle, based on which the real-time queue length curve can also be constructed. The model and algorithm are tested in a field experiment and in simulation. 相似文献
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