山区双车道公路机动车碰撞事故严重度致因比较分析与预测

以云南山区双车道公路1740起碰撞事故数据为基础,将事故数据分为机动车与机动车、机动车与摩托车、机动车与非机动车3种类型,事故严重度划分为仅财产损失、轻伤、重伤或死亡事故3个等级,分别用部分优势比模型和有序Logit模型建立3类机动车碰撞事故严重度分析模型,对比分析不同等级事故的显著影响因素和模型的预测准确率,分析部分...     

ARPA模拟海上交通环境的事故分析系统研究

通过阐述ARPA的功能及在海事调查中的作用,提出用ARPA进行海上交通模拟的方法,并在此基础上设计出一种事故分析系统,从而方便对海上交通事故进行统计分析。     

An integrated framework for embedding large-scale dynamic traffic assignment models in advanced traveler information systems

In recent years, increasing attention has been drawn to the development of various applications of intelligent transportation systems (ITS), which are credited with the amelioration of traffic conditions in urban and regional environments. Advanced traveler information systems (ATIS) constitute an important element of ITS by providing potential travelers with information on the network's current performance both en-route and pre-trip. In order to tackle the complexity of such systems, derived from the difficulty of providing real-time estimations of current as well as forecasts of future traffic conditions, a series of models and algorithms have been initiated. This paper proposes the development of an integrated framework for real-time ATIS and presents its application on a large-scale network, that of Thessaloniki, Greece, concluding with a discussion on development and implementation challenges as well as on the advantages and limitations of such an effort.     

Evaluation of pedestrian crosswalk level of service (LOS) in perspective of type of land-use

In India pedestrians usually cross the road at mid-block crosswalks due to ease of access to their destination or the development of adjacent land use types such as shopping, business areas, school and residential areas. The behaviour of pedestrian will change with respect to different land use type and this change in behaviour of pedestrian further reflects change in perceived level of service (LOS). So, it is important to evaluate the quality of service of such crossing facilities with respect to different land-use type under mixed traffic conditions. In this framework, pedestrian perceived LOS were collected with respect to different land-use type such as shopping, residential and business areas. The ordered probit (OP) model was developed by using NLOGIT software package, with number of vehicles encountered, road crossing difficulty as well as safety considered as primary factors along with pedestrian individual factors (gender and age), land-use type and roadway geometry. From the model results, it has been concluded that perceived safety, crossing difficulty, land-use condition, number of vehicles encountered, median width and number of lanes have significant effect on pedestrian perceived LOS at unprotected (un-signalized) mid-block crosswalks in mixed traffic scenario. The inferences of these results highlights the importance of land use planning in designing a new set of pedestrian access facilities for unprotected mid-block crosswalks under mixed traffic conditions. Also the study results would be useful for evaluating pedestrian accessibility taking into account different land-use type and planning required degree of segregation with vehicular movement at unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations.     

基于价值函数的城市绿色交通规划评价

为了评价城市绿色交通,建立了城市绿色交通评价体系,包括环保性指标等3个评价项目和道路绿化率等8个评价指标,文章通过案例分析发现,价值函数法适用于城市绿色交通评价。采用专家打分法确定指标权重系数,并对指标进行无量纲化、同趋向化等处理,采用价值函数法计算评价体系得分。     

基于交通信息的电动汽车制动策略及仿真

为了提高滑行能量回收经济性和踏板制动安全性、舒适性,基于交通信息,提出了电动汽车(EV)制动协调策略。分析了滑行制动的经济性,由交通信息和汽车行驶状态确定滑行制动强度;由道路信息和前方车辆信息建立汽车安全距离模型和碰撞预警策略,利用预警信息对滑行制动和踏板制动强度进行协调。对本策略进行仿真验证。结果表明:利用交通信息的滑行策略,在通行良好工况下综合能耗减少1.1%,拥堵工况下减轻驾驶员的制动疲劳;预警和协调策略避免了频繁预警,减小了紧急避撞触发几率。因此,利用交通信息能够辅助驾驶员进行更加合理的制动。     

两种生产工艺机制砂掺配对混凝土性能的影响

本文针对湿法制砂得到的水洗砂和干法制砂得到的风吸砂掺配比例问题,分析了水洗砂和风吸砂的差异,研究了不同生产工艺机制砂掺配比例对铁路工程泵送混凝土工作性能、抗压强度、电通量和碳化性能的影响.结果表明:两种机制砂级配和压碎值相近,风吸砂略粗,石粉含量较低,水洗砂较干净,需水量比较低;随着水洗砂掺配比例的提高,混凝土减水剂掺...     

基于模拟退火-自适应布谷鸟算法的城市公交调度优化研究

为改善城市常规公交运营效率,提出基于模拟退火-自适应布谷鸟算法的公交调度优化模型.通过结合线路实际客流数据反映的客流特征,建立考虑公交公司和乘客双方利益的公交调度优化模型;改进布谷鸟算法固定步长并加入模拟退火算法退火操作,设计模拟退火-自适应布谷鸟算法,改善寻优过程中跳出局部最优解而全局寻优的能力;以福州125路公交线...     

南昌市道路交通事故成因分析及预防

根据南昌市2000年至2003年的道路交通安全现状,利用统计分析方法,对道路交通事故的成因、时空分布、事故形态等进行了分析和研究,并针对南昌市的交通事故的特点与规律,提出了预防交通事故的若干措施.     

直线感应电动机直接推力控制及其仿真

介绍了一种与旋转电机模型类似的单边直线感应电动机动态模型,该模型考虑了边端效应对电机参数及性能的影响,这对于习惯使用经典旋转电动机模型的工程技术人员而言是极其方便的。基于该模型,推导出了直接推力控制的磁链观测单元,并在此基础上建立了直接推力控制直线感应电机传动系统的Matlab/Simulink仿真,进行了初步的应用分析。仿真结果与分析结论初步表明该系统在直线感应电动机控制中的可行性及鲁棒性。