A model for the visualization and analysis of elevator traffic

ABSTRACT

Analysis of elevator traffic in high rise buildings is critical to the performance evaluation of elevator group control systems (EGCS). Elevator dispatching methods or parking algorithms in an EGCS can be designed or modified according to analyses of traffic flow. However, interpretation of traffic flow based solely on numerical data may not be explicit and transparent for EGCS experts as well as for other non-expert building administration. In this study, we present a model for visualization and analysis of elevator traffic. First, we present an alternative approach for traffic analysis which we call route visualization. In the proposed approach, we initially decompose elevator traffic into its component parts and investigate each component independently. Then, using superposition of components we obtain a reconstructed model of overall traffic. This modeling approach provides component-based traffic analysis and representation of routes with intensities through data visualization. In the second part we introduce a multi-dimensional analysis of time parameters in ECGS. This approach provides a comparative analysis of several control algorithms such as dispatch or park algorithms for different combinations of traffic components.     

Vulnerability analysis for large-scale and congested road networks with demand uncertainty

To assess the vulnerability of congested road networks, the commonly used full network scan approach is to evaluate all possible scenarios of link closure using a form of traffic assignment. This approach can be computationally burdensome and may not be viable for identifying the most critical links in large-scale networks. In this study, an “impact area” vulnerability analysis approach is proposed to evaluate the consequences of a link closure within its impact area instead of the whole network. The proposed approach can significantly reduce the search space for determining the most critical links in large-scale networks. In addition, a new vulnerability index is introduced to examine properly the consequences of a link closure. The effects of demand uncertainty and heterogeneous travellers’ risk-taking behaviour are explicitly considered. Numerical results for two different road networks show that in practice the proposed approach is more efficient than traditional full scan approach for identifying the same set of critical links. Numerical results also demonstrate that both stochastic demand and travellers’ risk-taking behaviour have significant impacts on network vulnerability analysis, especially under high network congestion and large demand variations. Ignoring their impacts can underestimate the consequences of link closures and misidentify the most critical links.     

交通土建类工程造价专业工学结合人才培养模式研究

文章介绍了广西交通职业技术学院交通土建类工程造价专业工学结合人才培养模式的实践现状,分析了开展工学结合人才培养模式中出现的问题,提出了工学结合人才培养模式有效运行的措施。     

养护施工总承包模式下业主与承包商的博弈分析

文章以博弈论为理论基础,分析了养护施工总承包模式下业主与总承包商的博弈关系,提出了引导双方采用合理的策略以获得最大利益及保证工程产品达到较高质量水平的博弈对策,为养护施工总承包工程的管理和施工提供方法借鉴。     

城市交通系统通行性影响因素及计算理论

文章分析了震后城市交通系统通行性的影响因素,提出了包含路段单元通行概率、路段连通概率及路网连通概率的城市交通系统通行性计算理论,为城市路网的连通可靠性评价提供参考。     

驾驶人安全意识体验式训练装置研究

通过对目前常用驾驶人安全意识培训方法的对比,认为体验式培训为最适合的培训方法;进一步对我国2007-2010年间大型道路交通事故特征进行分析,得出驾乘人员不系安全带是引起人员伤亡一大原因。通过设计研发碰撞、翻转两个体验式训练装置,使驾乘人员在保证安全的前提下真切感受道路交通事故发生瞬间安全带对人体的保护作用,有效提高驾驶人的安全意识,减少道路交通事故的发生及人员的伤亡。     

基于船舶驾控测试系统的嵌入式车钟系统设计

针对船舶驾控设备类型多样的特点,提出一种基于船舶驾控测试系统的嵌入式车钟系统,对系统硬件组态进行布局,并结合软件,通过改变拨码盘状态,实现硬件和通信两种作业模式。该系统完成人员安全训练和设备开发功能,具有较高的应用价值。     

船舶混合动力技术发展趋势分析

通过近年发布的《国际海事组织海运温室气体减排初步战略》等相关减排措施,提出船舶混合动力技术作为优选解决方式。介绍该技术发展背景,阐述其定义、架构及国内外发展应用现状,分析油电混合动力技术、气电混合动力技术的特点,对船舶混合动力技术发展趋势及应用前景进行展望,经调查研究,船舶混合动力推进系统具有操纵性好、效率高及特定工况排放低等特性,减排优势明显。     

地下交通转换平台射流通风特性及风流组织方式研究

为探究地下交通转换平台内通风系统的合理布局,采用比尺模型试验和CFD模拟相结合的方法,研究射流风机和通风组织对地下交通转换平台内气流运动的影响。结果表明： 1）当联络通道内风机射流朝向敞开段时,为使风机升压系数Kj最大,630 mm、900 mm、1 120 mm射流风机的布设位置应距离敞开段分别大于40、50、65 m; 2）大口径射流风机具有更大的Kj,但占用的断面空间更大,且射流诱导段更长,应根据联络通道长度和高度合理选择射流风机口径; 3）地下交通转换平台的通风组织不宜采用同侧开启方式,采用对角抽吸方式时,联络通道内的污染物混入比最低、通风效率最高。     

垂直水幕作用下扩建地下水封油库布局方式研究

为研究垂直水幕对扩建地下水封油库布局方式的影响,以某大型地下水封洞库分期建设工程为依托,采用有限元数值模拟方法,对有、无垂直水幕条件下扩建洞库的布局方式进行研究。研究结果表明： 1）当两期洞库间距较小时,在两期洞库之间设置垂直水幕可有效削弱拟建洞库对已建洞库水封可靠性的影响,随两期洞库间距的增加,垂直水幕的影响性逐渐减弱; 2）拟建洞库轴线方向对水封可靠性的影响受地形等条件的影响较大,在两期洞库之间设置垂直水幕对水封可靠性的影响较小; 3）随拟建洞库埋深的增加,拟建洞库的水封可靠性逐渐增强,已建洞库的水封可靠性却呈逐步减小趋势,在两期洞库之间设置垂直水幕可有效减小埋深对两期洞库水封可靠性的影响。