基于沉降差的填石路堤施工工艺与质量控制研究

结合南方地区填石路堤施工,通过填石路堤试验段研究,介绍了填石路堤的施工工艺和质量控制要求,并通过沉降差检测分析,说明了沉降差作为填石路堤质量控制指标的可行性,为同类工程提供参考.     

隧道内车站信号系统方案研究

介绍了铁路线路长大隧道内设置车站时,可采用的信号系统方案.结合新建金华至台州铁路工程磐安至里林站区间隧道内车站设置方案,对车站联锁、运输调度指挥、集中监测等信号系统方案进行了研究和探讨.     

公路沥青混凝土路面施工质量控制措施探析

沥青是我国用于公路路面铺设的典型材料.对沥青混凝土路面施工质量控制进行分析,并提出相应的施工质量控制措施,为施工企业提供借鉴.     

起伏基岩地层盾构姿态控制及刀具配置分析

为了解决在起伏基岩地层中盾构掘进姿态控制困难及刀盘不均匀消耗问题,以长沙地铁2号线西延线盾构区间为工程实例,通过对现场油缸推力关系统计分析,得出盾构区间直线段和曲线段地层由软至硬和由硬至软的合理的油缸推力比,并应用于工程实际,得出相应的直线段和曲线段的水平、竖向偏差且均满足轴线偏差不超过50 mm的标准要求。同时,通过对现场每百米刀具更换情况统计分析,得出合理的刀具改良配置建议。     

广东山区高速公路挖方边坡常见病害及防治策略

广东省山区高速公路发展迅速,但诸多挖方边坡在修建过程中就产生了不同程度的病害。这些病害产生的原因包括气候、地质条件和人为因素,给施工工期、造价及安全管理造成较大影响。鉴于塌方病害在广东地区山区高速公路挖方边坡中较为常见,根据破坏方式及影响范围的深度将其划分为浅层溜塌、浅层滑塌和深层滑塌(滑坡)。结合工程建设经验,提出了山区路堑边坡的防治策略,可为类似工程的设计、施工提供借鉴。     

南昌红谷沉管隧道短管节干坞内拉合对接施工技术

沉管隧道最终接头短管节在牵移和拉合过程中易发生偏移与倾斜,且GINA止水带压缩到设计值难度较大。以南昌红谷沉管隧道为例,从准备、牵移、拉合及后处理4个阶段介绍短管节对接拉合施工工艺。通过对底钢板打磨、涂抹黄油等,减小底部摩擦阻力。采用计算机控制液压同步提升系统、液压数据量测、钢端壳间距测量等措施,对短管节轴线及平面控制。实践表明:GINA止水带压缩量误差仅为+4 mm,短管节轴线及平面偏差均在可控范围内,短管节干坞内拉合对接操作可行、质量可靠。     

我国城市防洪排涝地下深隧规划设计与施工方法

为了建设符合中国国情的地下排水深隧,解决城市内涝问题,消除"城市看海"现象,采用调研分析的研究方法,通过调研国外城市排水深隧建设的成功案例,借鉴成熟经验并结合我国国情探索出我国城市排水深隧在规划设计、施工技术等方面的建设模式。主要结论如下:1)深隧规划必须坚持雨污分流原则,防涝标准应设为百年一遇;2)深隧层位应建于地下30~50 m的位置,隧道管线应布设在城市易涝区,并且将修建深隧、改造浅管和清淤河道衔接起来,形成一套完整的防洪排涝系统,让深隧的作用得以充分发挥,才能解决城市内涝问题;3)排水深隧要注重防水设计,防止雨水污染地下水;4)为提高深隧的经济效益,应将深隧与地下快速路的规划结合起来,功能上多样化。     

极高地应力软岩隧道超前导洞应力释放及多层支护变形控制技术

为了解决极高地应力软岩隧道大变形控制难题,以兰渝铁路木寨岭隧道岭脊核心段施工为例,通过现场试验和数据分析,得到如下主要结论:1)提出了"先放后抗,抗放结合,锚固加强"的变形控制理念;2)得出了该隧道岭脊核心段"超前导洞应力释放+圆形4层支护结构+径向注浆+长锚杆+长锚索"综合变形控制方案;3)超前导洞应力释放效果明显,正洞累计变形减小幅度约为34%;4)得到了圆形多层支护结构变形规律;5)累计变形均控制在设计预留变形量内,保证了该隧道岭脊核心段大变形控制效果。     

Modelling,simulation and applications of longitudinal train dynamics

ABSTRACT

Significant developments in longitudinal train simulation and an overview of the approaches to train models and modelling vehicle force inputs are firstly presented. The most important modelling task, that of the wagon connection, consisting of energy absorption devices such as draft gears and buffers, draw gear stiffness, coupler slack and structural stiffness is then presented. Detailed attention is given to the modelling approaches for friction wedge damped and polymer draft gears. A significant issue in longitudinal train dynamics is the modelling and calculation of the input forces – the co-dimensional problem. The need to push traction performances higher has led to research and improvement in the accuracy of traction modelling which is discussed. A co-simulation method that combines longitudinal train simulation, locomotive traction control and locomotive vehicle dynamics is presented. The modelling of other forces, braking propulsion resistance, curve drag and grade forces are also discussed. As extensions to conventional longitudinal train dynamics, lateral forces and coupler impacts are examined in regards to interaction with wagon lateral and vertical dynamics. Various applications of longitudinal train dynamics are then presented. As an alternative to the tradition single wagon mass approach to longitudinal train dynamics, an example incorporating fully detailed wagon dynamics is presented for a crash analysis problem. Further applications of starting traction, air braking, distributed power, energy analysis and tippler operation are also presented.     

A receding horizon sliding control approach for electric powertrains with backlash and flexible half-shafts

Active control of electric powertrains is challenging, due to the fact that backlash and structural flexibility in transmission components can cause severe performance degradation or even instability of the control system. Furthermore, high impact forces in transmissions reduce driving comfort and possibly lead to damage of the mechanical elements in contact. In this paper, a nonlinear electric powertrain is modelled as a piecewise affine (PWA) system. The novel receding horizon sliding control (RHSC) idea is extended to constrained PWA systems and utilised to systematically address the active control problem for electric powertrains. Simulations are conducted in Matlab/Simulink in conjunction with the high fidelity Carsim software. RHSC shows superior jerk suppression and target wheel speed tracking performance as well as reduced computational cost over classical model predictive control (MPC). This indicates the newly proposed RHSC is an effective method to address the active control problem for electric powertrains.