铁路司机员工作压力与影响因素研究

铁路司机员的工作表现直接关系到铁路营运安全,因此了解司机员感受工作压力的来源,并探讨其心理与压力反应,是铁路公司管理阶层积极想了解的议题。本研究以压力典范模式(压力来源调节变项压力反应)的理论架构为基础,最终获得工作压力量表。通过对台湾铁路管理局之司机员施测量测,探讨及检定本研究之工作压力模式,进而提出改善工作压力的方法,提供铁路公司经营者参考。研究结果显示,驾驶室之物理环境及路线环境是司机员最主要之工作压力来源,而司机员的知觉工作压力量测结果越大者,心理健康状况及工作满意度均较差。     

中高速列车共线运行的仿真研究

以京沪高速为背景,对中高速列车共线运行仿真问题进行探讨。分别建立单列车运行模型和多列车共线运行模型。单列车运行模型全面考虑了列车物理特性、线路条件、列车受力情况以及运行控制过程。多列车模型在上述基础上,附加了共线运行不同速度列车间的相互影响,对列车间距控制和避让进行了重点考虑,研究多列车共线运行时的列车间距控制策略和避让策略。用VisualC 6 0进行了中高速列车共线运行的软件实现。仿真计算结果表明,该软件能较好模拟多列车共线运行情况,可作为列车调度系统中负责列车运行模拟的子系统。     

力集中式200km/h电动车组的微机控制系统

介绍了动力集中式２００ ｋｍ ／ｈ 电动车组微机控制系统、列车总线及控制、诊断功能，重点介绍电动车组微机系统的新功能和新特点。     

高速列车通信网络技术特点及其应用

现代列车朝高速化、自动化、舒适化方向发展已经成为必然趋势.列车通信网络已成为高速列车控制系统的关键技术.它能够通过对列车运行及车载设备动作的相关信息进行集中管理,从而保障列车安全高速运行.介绍了列车通信网络的两条总线,即纹线式列车总线(WTB)和多功能车辆总线(MVB),并分析了两层网络拓扑结构.根据现场总线技术在我国高速列车上的应用情况,比较了WTB、MVB、LonWorks、CAN等几种总线的特点,根据其特点可选取不同的应用领域.     

浦东铁路开行市郊列车的客流需求研究

讨论了浦东铁路开行市郊列车的客流需求预测问题,为浦东铁路是否开行市郊列车、如何开行市郊列车方案提供依据.通过对浦东铁路沿线的居民出行调查得到浦东铁路的站间客流分布现状;在此基础上,利用沿线土地和人口发展规划.建立方式划分模型对未来5年及10年的市郊铁路客流进行预测;分析了市郊列车起终点站、发车频率、行车组织、交通衔接等因素对客流预测结果的影响.     

控制高速列车环境噪声的对策

简述了高速列车投入运用后,在防治铁路沿线的振动和噪声污染方面应采取的控制对策。其控制对策主要有:从列车结构上控制噪声源,控制构造物噪声,合理设置隧道断面和线间距,合理布置路网和调整城市规划,设置隔声屏障及线路两旁绿化等。     

Modeling Feedback Scheme of Empty Cars in Unloading End of Heavy Haul Railway

The transportation organization of heavy haul railway is complex in China, especially, the feedback of empty cars. On the basis of reference to the existing research results, and deep analysis of the characteristics of empty cars distribution of heavy haul railway, the authors construct the feedback schematic model of empty cars in unloading end of heavy haul railway. The minimum quantity of the combined trains and the time for combination is taken as the model goal and solution algorithm on the basis of minimum cost and maximum flow is formulated. Daqin railway is taken as an example and relevant conclusions of feedback scheme of empty cars of heavy haul railway, through an analysis of calculation results, are drawn.     

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直达列车多点装卸取送顺序直接关系到铁路货车运用效率;文章考虑车辆行驶时间及装卸时间的不确定性,假设它们为服从正态分布的随机变量,经过分析,在给定置信水平下,提出了调车机车作业中断时间的计算方法,并结合算法设计建立了极小化调车机车作业中断时间的最佳取送模型;利用遗传算法的原理及方法对取送顺序方案进行了研究,构造了解决该问题的单亲遗传算法;通过从遗传算法对算例的计算过程和结果可见,该算法求解直达列车多点装卸取送问题取得了较好的效果。     

Field measurements of the evolution of wheel wear and vehicle dynamics for high-speed trains

This investigation demonstrates the wheel wear evolution and related vehicle dynamics of high-speed trains with an operating distance (OD) of around two million kilometres. A long-term experimental test lasting two years was conducted to record the wheel profiles and structural vibrations of various trainsets. The wheel wear, namely the profile shape, worn distribution and wheelset conicity, is investigated for several continuous reprofiling cycles. Typical results are illustrated for the stability analysis, and the ride quality is examined with increasing OD. In addition, the vibration transition characteristics between suspensions are investigated in both the time and frequency domains. The experiments show that the dominant wear concentrates on the nominal rolling radius, and the wear rate increases with OD because of the surface softening resulting from the loss of wheel material. The vibration of structural components is aggravated by the increase of the equivalent conicity of the wheelset, which rises approximately linearly with the wheel wear and OD. High-frequency vibrations arise in the bogie and car body related to the track arrangement and wheel out-of-roundness, causing the ride comfort to worsen significantly. Additionally, the system vibration characteristics are strongly dependent on the atmospheric temperature. Summaries and conclusions are obtained regarding the wheel wear and related vehicle dynamics of high-speed trains over long operating times and distances.     

移动式布料皮带机在双护盾TBM出碴中的应用

隧道TBM施工采用有轨运输方式出碴时,掘进过程中矿车卸碴布料涉及工序较多,且牵引列车编组的内燃机车持续运行会增加尾气排放,造成隧道内空气污染。应用于青岛地铁隧道施工的双护盾TBM的后配套配置了移动式布料皮带机,该皮带机可实现往复移动和正反向运行为矿车卸碴布料。对该移动式布料皮带机的工作原理、结构组成、移动方式、张紧方式和驱动方式等进行研究,并分析其应用效果。实践证明,该技术应用于TBM后配套出碴可行、实用,简化了施工工序并提高了工作效率。