国外基于MBSE的列车领域研究现状探析

介绍了基于模型的系统工程的定义和发展历程.分别对庞巴迪和阿尔斯通两家公司在MBSE方面的研究和应用情况进行了分析,具体分析其建模工具和建模实例,还分析了Connecta和Safe4Rail项目的实施过程以及主要的研究内容.分析结果表明,MBSE已经在国外的列车领域经历了学习、探索和应用推广的过程,并在新产品的研发过程中...     

Intermittent automatic train protection using an infrared system

Automatic train protection (ATP) is a vital part of the signalling system that prevents collisions between trains, especially on densely trafficked lines. Conventionally, ATP uses a transponder to communicate between an onboard train device and a trackside device. In Indonesia, ATP is not yet implemented and all trains are currently operated by drivers. It has now become a necessity to install ATP in Indonesia in order to protect train operations. However, as in many tropical and developing countries there are some environmental problems, especially heavy rain, as well as the theft of trackside equipment that influences performance. Installed trackside devices must therefore meet certain criteria such as low-cost configuration, minimalized devices on the track, ease of maintenance, etc. To address the necessity of ATP and to meet these criteria for trackside devices, we develop ATP using an infrared system. This type of ATP – the intermittent ATP system – consists of onboard devices and infrared sensors as trackside equipment. This approach to ATP offers a cost-effective solution and ensures the safety of train movements.     

A new approach for improving the performance of freight train timetabling of a single-track railway system

A new approach for improving the performance of freight train timetabling for single-track railways is proposed. Using the idea of a fixed-block signaling system, we develop a matrix representation to express the occupation of inter- and intra-station tracks by trains illustrating the train blocking time diagram in its entirety. Train departure times, dwell times, and unnecessary stopping are adjusted to reduce average train travel time and single train travel time. Conflicts between successive stations and within stations are identified and solved. A fuzzy logic system is further used to adjust the range of train departure times and checks are made to determine whether dwell times and time intervals can be adjusted for passenger and freight trains at congested stations to minimize train waiting times. By combining manual scheduling expertise with the fuzzy inference method, timetable efficiency is significantly improved and becomes more flexible.     

中低速磁浮列车救援支撑装置的优化及冲洗回路参数设定

介绍了中低速磁浮列车救援支撑装置的组成及其工作原理,以及增压缸的工作过程。分析了救援支撑装置的常见问题。阐述了救援支撑装置的气液回路优化措施和控制方式优化措施,并基于长沙长沙磁浮快线的实际情况,通过计算得到冲洗回路工艺参数设定参考值,提高了救援支撑装置的可靠性及可操作维护性。     

北京地铁八通线列车牵引系统自主化改造设计

北京地铁八通线原有列车牵引系统设备为日本东洋公司制造,设备日常检修维护过程中存在检修费用高、周期长的缺点,在对信号系统进行ATO(列车自动运行)改造时,牵引核心设备需进行相关接口的修改,这使得进口设备成本与用户需求的矛盾突出。对北京地铁八通线既有东洋牵引系统进行自主化改造设计,在兼容原有牵引设备机械接口与电气接口的基础上提出了优化改造方案,并在实际产品中进行了功能验证,实现了对北京地铁八通线原列车牵引系统的替换和功能优化。     

基于关键链技术在装备维修项目进度管理中的应用研究

根据装备维修工程进度管理的现状,分析传统的关键路径技术(CPM)方法的主要问题,总结计划进度管理方法的优缺点,提出将考虑资源约束的进度管理方法-关键链技术应用于装备维修工程进度管控,运用约束理论和缓冲优化方法对具体工程项目进行进度计划调整与修理工期优化,并通过和CPM方法结果的比较分析,得出关键链技术可以更科学合理制定装备维修项目进度计划并达到优化修期的目的,为装备维修进度管理提供理论与实践参考。     

基于车车通信的城市轨道交通列车控制系统折返能力分析

列车折返过程是影响列车折返能力的关键因素.以基于车地通信的传统列车控制系统为比较对象,阐述了基于车车通信的列车控制系统的显著优点.结合实际车站情况,在站前折返和站后折返模式下,仿真计算了采用不同列车控制系统时的列车折返能力.仿真结果显示,采用基于车车通信的列车控制系统时列车折返能力明显更优.     

航班快速恢复建模与仿真研究

随着民用航空的发展与竞争,航班延误不仅影响航空飞行的安全与正常,更与航空公司的运营效率、运营成本及乘客利益息息相关。针对某一恶劣天气影响,对某公司受影响航班进行重新调配,考虑到航班的备降、盘旋等待、延误、取消等多种状态,以总成本最小为目标函数,建立航班快速恢复模型,通过MATLAB运用遗传算法设计航班恢复算法进行求解,得出最经济的航班恢复方案。     

A proposal for cost-related and market-oriented train running charges

This paper examines some key aspects of a charging system for promoting railway transport, including charges reflecting a clear relationship with costs (transparency) and charges reflecting the quality of the infrastructure manager's service. Train running charges recover track-related costs and can help to develop a charging system that meets these requirements. To orient train running charges to the market, a method for processing track maintenance and renewal costs is proposed whereby the quality of the service provided by an infrastructure is measured according to its utility to the railway undertaking. To achieve transparency, a single indicator is used for cost planning and the subsequent levying of costs on railway undertakings. The paper includes an example of how proposed train running charges would be calculated according to data from 14 European countries. The example shows that short-distance trains generate the lowest maintenance and renewal costs, followed by long-distance trains and freight trains.     

A practical capacity model of a single track line

The paper presents a model for determining the practical capacity of a single track line, i.e. the maximum number of trains which can be run along it in a time unit under the condition that each train enters its bottleneck segment with a definite delay.

The input data used in the model are: geometrical characteristics of the bottleneck segment of the line under study, the intensity and structure of demand expressed by a number of trains which are run over the line in a given time unit, the scenario of traffic running over the line under study and the operational tactics of individual train categories processing on the bottleneck segment.

(Two tactics can be applied in the train processing on the line under study; first, the trains of individual categories are given different priorities in the processing, and second, all the trains have the same priority).

The output results of the model are average delays of trains of each category occurring within the train processing performed on the bottleneck segment of the line under study in a given time unit.