Three-dimensional derailment analysis of crashed freight trains

In this paper, the collision-induced derailment of freight trains was investigated. The collision between two identical freight trains occurring on a curved path rather than along a straight line was investigated. This is because from the point of view of safety against derailment this collision scenario is thought to be more critical than the scenarios defined in the European standard EN 15227. In this work, one of the trains is stationary and the other moving train collides at 36 km/h. Two kinds of container wagons were simulated. One is the two-axle freight wagon Kls 442. Another is the freight wagon Rmms 662 with two Y25 bogies. Simulation results demonstrate that in terms of safety against derailment the bogie wagon Rmms 662 was found to have better behaviour than the two-axle wagon Kls 442. In addition, this study points out that there are many contributory factors to the responses of freight wagons during a collision, such as curve radius, distance between bogie pivots and loading mass. The derailment phenomenon is less likely to occur, when freight trains collide on the curve with a larger radius. Besides that the characteristics of freight wagons with large axle loads, low centre of gravity of car body and appropriate static strength are favourable for the collided wagons in reducing the risk of derailment.     

XAudio2技术在地铁列车驾驶模拟器中的应用

为了使受训学员在地铁列车驾驶模拟器上获得逼真的听觉效果,需要对列车驾驶室中听到的各种声音进行模拟仿真.在分析列车驾驶模拟器声音的种类及特点的基础上,把模拟驾驶器中的声音分为无方位的声音和3D立体声进行研究.提出了采用微软最新DirectX组件中的XAduio2技术来实现声音的仿真.仿真得到的声音效果能够使受训学员听觉上...     

城市轨道交通列车基础制动装置温度测试方案

分析了城市轨道交通列车基础制动装置在线温度测试的重要性,介绍了温度测试技术,提出了基于热电偶、红外测温仪和热成像仪的多平台温度测试方案,以解决单一温度测试方法存在的不足。热电偶、红外测温仪和成像仪组成的多平台协同温度测试方案是获取踏面制动过程中车轮-闸瓦摩擦副温度场较理想可行的方案。该方案有利于基础制动装置的失效分析,可为城市轨道交通列车的安全运营提供参考。     

浅析轮系设计实例

本文主要是通过对一个发动机附件轮系设计更改实例的分析,总结出一些轮系设计计算方面的关键点。     

Nonlinear programming methods based on closed-form expressions for optimal train control

This paper proposes a novel approach to solve the complex optimal train control problems that so far cannot be perfectly tackled by the existing methods, including the optimal control of a fleet of interacting trains, and the optimal train control involving scheduling. By dividing the track into subsections with constant speed limit and constant gradient, and assuming the train’s running resistance to be a quadratic function of speed, two different methods are proposed to solve the problems of interest. The first method assumes an operation sequence of maximum traction – speedholding – coasting – maximum braking on each subsection of the track. To maintain the mathematical tractability, the maximum tractive and maximum braking functions are restricted to be decreasing and piecewise-quadratic, based on which the terminal speed, travel distance and energy consumption of each operation can be calculated in a closed-form, given the initial speed and time duration of that operation. With these closed-form expressions, the optimal train control problem is formulated and solved as a nonlinear programming problem. To allow more flexible forms of maximum tractive and maximum braking forces, the second method applies a constant force on each subsection. Performance of these two methods is compared through a case study of the classic single-train control on a single journey. The proposed methods are further utilised to formulate more complex optimal train control problems, including scheduling a subway line while taking train control into account, and simultaneously optimising the control of a leader-follower train pair under fixed- and moving-block signalling systems.     

动车组天线梁随机振动疲劳寿命评估

为对动车组天线梁的随机振动疲劳寿命进行评估,首先,建立天线梁及构架结构有限元模型,并对其分析得到天线梁的固有频率;然后,利用软件编程得到德国低干扰轨道不平顺自功率谱,再根据自功率谱得到各轮对间互功率谱;最后,在有限元分析软件中对各轮对进行激励加载,采用模态叠加法对天线梁进行随机振动疲劳寿命分析,得到结构疲劳寿命薄弱位置。     

空调列车空气净化器净化效果评价方法研究

目前对空气净化器的评价方法主要是参照GB／T18801--2002《空气净化器》的步骤进行。该方法是针对室内空气净化器的，用于评价铁路空调列车空气净化器显然不太合适。本文针对铁路空调列车送风特点，模拟空调列车通风管道设计了一套实验装置，包括可调速风机、风量调节阀门、回风管路、循环管路、染污口、取样口等。利用该装置对4种类型的空气净化器进行了颗粒物、氨、甲醛、空气微生物的净化效果实验，并对实验结果进行了比对分析，取得满意结果。表明该套实验装置用于铁路空调列车空气净化产品的评价是可行的。     

TPDS对客车踏面损伤监测应用分析

结合车辆运行品质轨边动态监测系统(TPDS)在武汉铁路局客车踏面损伤监测方面的应用,分析了TPDS客车运用的可行性,深入探讨了TPDS客车运用存在的问题,并提出了TPDS运用于客车监测,需要对TPDS实现设备及软件升级及监测网络完善等建议。     

高速磁浮列车导向系统的鲁棒控制器设计

导向系统是高速磁浮列车中的关键子系统之一,针对导向系统工作电流变化范围大的特点,设计了降低静态电流灵敏度的鲁棒导向控制器。在介绍导向系统结构和控制方案的基础上给出导向系统线性化的数学模型,并采用线性最优二次型设计方法设计最优控制器,结合仿真讨论最优控制器无法在整个工作范围内保证导向系统具有相近性能的原因,而后建立了导向系统对于静态电流的参数灵敏度模型,并采用降低参数灵敏度的鲁棒控制理论对最优控制器设计方法进行改进,设计了鲁棒控制器。仿真和试验表明,该鲁棒控制器能够增强导向系统对静态电流变化的鲁棒性。