信号交叉口行车风险场建立及车辆通行行为优化

随着汽车逐步向智能化、网联化发展,智能网联车辆逐步进入实际应用阶段。进行智能网联车辆的通行行为优化,对提升驾驶安全性和行车效率,避免事故发生和交通拥堵至关重要。车辆在通过交叉口时将受到很多环境及运动因素的影响,而现有的通行优化模型难以准确表达各类因素共同作用下的行驶环境。为此,基于风险场理论建立由环境场和运动场组成的信号交叉口行车风险场,表征信号交叉口中每点的实时行车风险程度,从而引导车辆驶向风险值低点,并提供下一步长的位移及速度指引,实现车辆的动态轨迹优化及速度控制。典型场景下的仿真结果表明：在优化模型的控制下单车的信号交叉口通行效率明显提升,其中直行方向车辆单车平均通行效率提升最高,平均提升6.35%,通过对交叉口面积内所有车辆进行通行行为优化,交叉口通行效率提升了9.3%,这表明所建模型可以准确表达交叉口行车环境并优化车辆通行行为。研究结论可应用于自动驾驶车辆的交叉口通行控制,并为网联环境下的行车环境表达和安全驾驶控制提供模型基础。     

轭式简谐轮振荡系统应用于超精研装置的研究

本文所研究的用于超精研装置的轭式简谐轮振荡系统的突出优点是两个振子在轴上对置,质量平衡,能赋予超精研油石以光滑、连续、平稳的简谐振动,且同时装有6块油石,加工效率高,适用于超精研大型圆筒工件的外表面.     

Towards comfort-optimal trajectory planning and control

ABSTRACT

This paper describes a method to analyse and evaluate different trajectory planning methods and controller types for usage in automated vehicles. Its application is shown by using a novel trajectory planning approach considering comfort aspects (based on Rapidly Exploring Random Tree (RRT)), two different controllers to follow the planned path (cascade controller and flatness based controller) and a simulation method to obtain resulting lateral vehicle accelerations. The method is used to plan and drive a trajectory through a roundabout. It can be seen that the lateral accelerations of the controller-driven vehicle are in the range of the values used for planning. However, the results of both controllers show differences in lateral deviation and in smoothness of lateral accelerations. The simulation results are then compared to real-world test drives in the same roundabout. The measured lateral accelerations are in the same range as well but show a smoother progression than the two controller models.     

Design of rollover prevention controller with linear matrix inequality-based trajectory sensitivity minimisation

This paper presents a method to design a rollover prevention controller for vehicle systems. The vehicle rollover can be prevented by a controller that minimises the lateral acceleration and the roll angle. Rollover prevention capability can be enhanced if the controlled vehicle system is robust to the variation of the height of the centre of gravity and the speed of the vehicle. For this purpose, a robust controller is designed with linear matrix inequality-based trajectory sensitivity minimisation. Differential braking and active suspension are adopted as actuators that generate yaw and roll moments, respectively. The newly proposed method is shown to be effective in preventing rollover by the simulation on a non-linear multibody dynamic simulation software, CarSim^®.     

Application of time-variant predictive control to modelling driver steering skill

The paper addresses the need for improved mathematical models of human steering control. A multiple-model structure for a driver's internal model of a nonlinear vehicle is proposed. The multiple-model structure potentially offers a straightforward way to represent a range of driver expertise. The internal model is combined with a model predictive steering controller. The controller generates a steering command through the minimisation of a cost function involving vehicle path error. A study of the controller performance during an aggressive, nonlinear steering manoeuvre is provided. Analysis of the controller performance reveals a reduction in the closed-loop controller bandwidth with increasing tyre saturation and fixed controller gains. A parameter study demonstrates that increasing the multiple-model density, increasing the weights on the path error, and increasing the controller knowledge range all improved the path following accuracy of the controller.     

双轴汽车模型下某车型的振动分析

将双轴汽车多自由度模型简化成四自由度的平面模型,忽略了车轮部分质量及刚度的影响。把质量m的车身等效的分解为前后轴以及质心C上的三个集中质量m2f、m2r及m2c,这三个质量由无质量的刚性杆进行连接。分析在该模型下振动输入对车身垂直和俯仰运动的影响,重点研究在有阻尼情况下双轴汽车模型的偏频和振型分析。     

样本匹配算法在鱼雷弹道融合中的应用

通过分析鱼雷对抗试验中获得的内外测弹道数据的特点,在比较多种曲线匹配算法的基础上,提出了一种基于样本的匹配算法。该方法利用弹道曲线上的点对应的矢量作为特征无关量信息,在合理选取样本点基础上,采用最大相似性准则对弹道曲线进行匹配,找到曲线最佳匹配段,从而对准内外测弹道的时间基准,以用于弹道融合。     

人机混驾环境下基于深度学习的车辆切入轨迹预测

为保证人机混驾环境下自动驾驶汽车的安全行驶,对周围车辆切入轨迹的预测至关重要.本文首先使用Savitzky-Golay滤波器对大规模采集的自然驾驶数据进行去噪处理,根据准则提取车辆切入片段,建立符合中国道路状况的车辆切入数据集.其次,发挥Bi-LSTM网络能充分利用上下文信息的优点和in-out快捷连接有效减少梯度消失...     

基于侧向推力矢量控制的防空导弹抗击TBM问题的研究

针对战术弹道导弹对防空侦察预警系统的合理部署进行了分析,计算出了反TBM防御系统拦截过程中的弹道预测及预定拦截点,为防空导弹火力单元提供较精确的TBM弹道诸元及落点预测值,基于侧向推力矢量控制对TBM实施拦截,达到末端有效抗击TBM的目的。