某山区公路滑坡分析及治理策略分析

针对山区公路特殊的地质条件及复杂结构,容易引起公路滑坡的问题.以某一山地高速公路为实例,采用传递系数法和FLAC 3D方法对天然状态(自重条件)和饱和状态(自重状态+暴雨状态)下的公路滑坡进行稳定性分析,并提出滑坡治理方案.研究表明:传递系数法和FLAC 3D数值模拟法下获得天然状态下滑坡的稳定系数值均在1.06附近,...     

地铁车辆段出入线接轨方案探讨

介绍地铁车辆段出入段线的一般配线形式．针对近年来强调在车辆段出入线与正线接轨处应设置安全线问题,提出不同的看法。对照《地铁设计规范》中安全线的设置条件,认为在车辆段出入线与正线接轨点处不需要设置安全线。分析近年来新推出的车辆段出入线接轨方案存在的问题,提出2个优化设计方案,并以上海地铁1号线梅陇车辆段出入线方案进行类比,证明没有安全线列车运行的安全是可以保证的。结果表明,该优化设计方案具有车站长度短、可大幅度降低工程造价、行车安全、调度灵活等优点。     

公共交通接驳换乘系统评价指标体系的构建

依照公共交通接驳换乘系统评价指标体系的构建原则,提出评价指标体系由技术性、经济性、社会性评价指标构成,并对各指标的含义做出解释,最后以北京地铁13号线部分车站作为实例,对技术性评价指标加以应用。论述一套合理的公共交通接驳换乘系统评价指标体系如何有效解决公共交通换乘效率低的问题。     

AFC系统中银行卡转账充值的技术实现

结合深圳地铁AFC系统中自动增值机的充值过程,对银行卡转账充值的功能要求和技术实现进行剖析,重点关注设备功能、乘客操作、交易记录传输、后台对账等环节。分析存在的问题,主要有地铁与银行结算时间点差异造成后台对账结果不一致,银行卡转账增值交易在AVM结算时造成设备短款,非地铁合作银行的银行卡在AVM上转账充值时存在跨行交易手续费的支付问题。对程序和流程进行修改后解决以上问题,经多站多台设备的测试,结果表明项目均可达到要求。     

Regularization Method to the Parameter Identification of Interfacial Heat Transfer Coefficient and Properties during Casting Solidification

The accurate material physical properties, initial and boundary conditions are indispensable to the numerical simulation in the casting process, and they are related to the simulation accuracy directly. The inverse heat conduction method can be used to identify the mentioned above parameters based on the temperature measurement data. This paper presented a new inverse method according to Tikhonov regularization theory. A regularization functional was established and the regularization parameter was deduced, the Newton-Raphson iteration method was used to solve the equations. One detailed case was solved to identify the thermal conductivity and specific heat of sand mold and interfacial heat transfer coefficient (IHTC) at the meantime. This indicates that the regularization method is very efficient in decreasing the sensitivity to the temperature measurement data, overcoming the ill-posedness of the inverse heat conduction problem (IHCP) and improving the stability and accuracy of the results. As a general inverse method, it can be used to identify not only the material physical properties but also the initial and boundary conditions' parameters.     

Economic factors affecting the registration of lower CO2 emitting aircraft in Europe

We examine the various forces influencing the development and uptake of environmentally beneficial technical changes, focusing on airline technology. Within this context, we consider not only the nature of competition within the final market in which aircraft, an intermediate product, are sold, but also that of the product market itself, the commercial airline industry. The reasons for the gradual reduction in CO₂ per seat per aircraft movement in aircraft design are examined in terms of the real costs of aviation fuel, changes in the nature of the supply industry, the movement towards carbon cap-trade policies, and endogenous technical progress in the technology of the industry. The latter being taken as an empirical proxy for the role market forms play in influencing the fuel efficiency of the types of aircraft used. The results support the existence of these latter forces on the demand for aircraft types, allowing for other influences that affect aircraft technology.     

The symbolism of ‘eco cars’ across national cultures: Potential implications for policy formulation and transfer

Transport choices are not merely practical decisions but steeped in cultural and societal perceptions. Understanding these latent drivers of behaviour will allow countries to develop and import policies to more successfully promote sustainable transport. Transport symbolism – what people believe their ownership or use of a mode connotes to others about their societal position – has been shown to be one such, non-trivial, hidden motivator. In the case of hybrid and electric cars (‘eco cars’), studies have demonstrated how their symbolic value varies within a society among different social groups. As yet, however, there has been scant research into comparing how the symbolism of a mode varies across national cultures, horizontally, between individuals with similar socio-demographic characteristics. Through qualitative thematic analysis, this study utilises two of Hofstede’s cross-cultural indices – power differential and individualism versus collectivism – to develop and strengthen theory on how the differing symbolism of eco cars currently varies between four cultural clusters – Anglo, Nordic, Confucian and South Asian. It also deliberates how observed symbolic qualitative differences may influence an individual or group choice to procure eco cars. Finally, it discusses how policy development, transfer and marketing, within the context of eco cars, may need to be modified by national governments, in the Confucian and South Asian cultures, so as to encourage uptake and modal shift.     

《防超劳预警表》的实践与思考

通过对《机车乘务员超劳预警通知书》进行电子化改造和相关功能完善,目标是为了通过可视化的提醒方式,向机务段派班员、机车调度员、计划调度员、列车调度员以及车站值班员等直接涉及运输组织的人员提供机车乘务员劳动时间的相关信息,以便实现对超劳情况的提前发现、提前组织,减少由于信息传递滞后造成的机车乘务员超劳情况。     

英语影视教学的课堂组织技巧

本文从外语教学理论分析了影视教学的可行性,并阐述了影视教学目的和策略,再以学生为中心的英语教学模式深入探讨影视教学的课堂组织技巧,最后以美国电视剧《Friends》为例阐述了具体的课堂设计和安排。通过探讨英语影视教学过程中的技巧,说明影视教学作为一种现代教学手段,应该积极且有效地引入到大学英语教学中。     

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研究了高峰时段列车运行的衔接协调对换乘站候车客流量的优化问题。首先分析了换乘站各站台候车客流的组成因素,确定出各运行方向的换乘站台内客流量随时间变化的规律。然后,以时段内换乘站候车客流量的最大值最小为目标,建立优化模型。模型以站台最大可容纳候车人数为约束条件,以各方向列车在换乘站的到达时刻为调整对象,实现了高峰时段换乘站内聚集客流的优化。最后,针对验证案例,设计了遗传算法进行求解,得出了协调较优解,并给出与较劣解的对比分析。结果表明,该优化方法能够有效降低换乘站内的候车客流人数,可为网络化的优化协调工作提供参考。