Learning marginal-cost pricing via a trial-and-error procedure with day-to-day flow dynamics

This paper investigates the convergence of the trial-and-error procedure to achieve the system optimum by incorporating the day-to-day evolution of traffic flows. The path flows are assumed to follow an ‘excess travel cost dynamics’ and evolve from disequilibrium states to the equilibrium day by day. This implies that the observed link flow pattern during the trial-and-error procedure is in disequilibrium. By making certain assumptions on the flow evolution dynamics, we prove that the trial-and-error procedure is capable of learning the system optimum link tolls without requiring explicit knowledge of the demand functions and flow evolution mechanism. A methodology is developed for updating the toll charges and choosing the inter-trial periods to ensure convergence of the iterative approach towards the system optimum. Numerical examples are given in support of the theoretical findings.     

Simulation of Transfer Organization of Urban Public Transportation Hubs

Transfer organization of public transportation terminals has played a more important role in urban transportation management and planning. The micro-simulation software, VISSIM, is designed to model the pedestrian transfer in the Xizhimen Public Transportation Terminal (Beijing, China) in this paper. Four problems are found in the case study: severe disturbance between pedestrians and traffic flows, long transfer distances, bus waiting time and great traffic flow density. The paper proposes some measures for the solution to the problems, such as increasing the departure frequency of buses, building the crossing-street infrastructure for pedestrians, shortening transfer distances. The simulation result shows that the proposed methods in this paper are valuable in improving the efficiency of the transfer organizations of the Xizhimen Public Transportation Terminal (Beijing, China).     

公路建设投资对经济增长的贡献与弹性分析

笔者提出了公路交通建设投资对经济增长的贡献度和弹性系数的4种新的计算模型:生产函数模型、对数 线性模型、线性 对数模型和线性与对数的混合模型,并对其进行了详细地讨论,导出了他们的计算公式,利用混合模型,对我国从1980年至1999年公路建设投资对经济增长的贡献度和弹性系数进行了分析,得出了投资交通建设比投资其他建设更易促进经济增长的结论.     

高大建筑空间采暖方式的分析

从传热机理出发，对高大建筑空间的采暖方式进行分析，指出各种采暖方式的优缺点，并着重介绍了横向热风幕分层采暖方式的数值模拟和现场实测结果，说明在高大厂房中采用该采暖方式可获得较高的热舒适性。     

周家嘴路车流起动波速统计研究

通过实际观测和统计分析 ,论证了平面交叉口红灯转绿灯时车流起动波速可以满足正态分布假设 ,更可以满足泊松分布假设 ,后者拟合优度高于前者。揭示了在周家嘴路条件下 ,随着车辆排队长度增加 ,起动波速会相应变大 ,呈负指数规律上升的趋势 ,与低速混合路段有明显差异。据此建议 ,如将交通流动力学模型应用于高速公路或城市高架道路一类问题时 ,状态指数取值在 2 .5左右为好。     

基于多元智能理论的高职高专英语教学

八十年代,美国著名发展心理学家、哈佛大学教授霍华德.加德纳(Howard Gardner)提出了多元智能理论。该理论倡导学校和教师应关心每个学生的成长,为学生的发展提供不同的选择机会。本文从多元智能理论的角度,对高职高专学生学习英语困难的现状作一全新剖析,并提出应用多元智能理论来调动这些学生参与英语学习的教学策略。     

基于OVM模型的交通流混沌研究

研究基于OVM模型的交通流混沌问题。用Matlab结合C 语言编写OVM模型的仿真程序来产生交通流时间序列。在一定的参数组合下,仿真研究交通流车队中不同序号的前后车辆之间的车头间距变化过程。通过分析这种车头间距变化过程的变化曲线并利用小数据量方法计算Lyapunov指数,证明了基于OVM模型产生的交通流中存在着混沌现象。讨论模型参数和仿真试验参数对该理论交通流运动状态的影响,给出相应的仿真研究结果,得出对于研究与应用交通流理论有益的结论。     

A New Explicit Algorithm for Bi-Phasic Mixture Flow in MIM

Metal injection moulding (MIM) is a new technology to manufacture small intricate parts in large quantity. Numerical simulation plays an important role in its development. To predict the specific segregation effect in MIM injection, mixture theory is adopted to model the injection flow by a bi-phasic model. This model conducts to the solution of two-coupled Stokes equations. It is an extremely computational consuming solution in the scope of the traditional algorithms, which induce a serious challenge to cost-effectivity of the MIM simulation. Referred to some methods proposed by Lewis in mono-phasic simulation and the implicit algorithms in MIM simulation, a new explicit algorithm is proposed and realized to perform efficiently this type of bi-phasic flow. Numerically this algorithm is devised to perform the simulation in a fully uncoupled manner except for a global solution of the pressure field in each time step. The physical coupling is taken into account in a sequential pattern by fractional steps. This special algorithm does not need any iteration, so it is straightforward and robust, suitable for MIM simulation and other sorts of simulations for multi-phasic flow.     

农村客运站建设与管理模式的创新

针对目前农村客运站建设与管理中存在的客运站点建设跟不上发展、客运市场经营主体混乱等问题,提出合理安排农村客运站点布局的原则以及"站所合一"、"三定四统一"等管理模式,以扭转农村客运市场的混乱局面。     

水手工艺课程部分项目互动教学探索与实践

介绍了互动教学模式的特点,探讨了互动教学的实施方法,指出互动教学有利于全面推进素质教育改革,培养高素质的专业人才.