A stochastic model of traffic flow: Theoretical foundations

In a variety of applications of traffic flow, including traffic simulation, real-time estimation and prediction, one requires a probabilistic model of traffic flow. The usual approach to constructing such models involves the addition of random noise terms to deterministic equations, which could lead to negative traffic densities and mean dynamics that are inconsistent with the original deterministic dynamics. This paper offers a new stochastic model of traffic flow that addresses these issues. The source of randomness in the proposed model is the uncertainty inherent in driver gap choice, which is represented by random state dependent vehicle time headways. A wide range of time headway distributions is allowed. From the random time headways, counting processes are defined, which represent cumulative flows across cell boundaries in a discrete space and continuous time conservation framework. We show that our construction implicitly ensures non-negativity of traffic densities and that the fluid limit of the stochastic model is consistent with cell transmission model (CTM) based deterministic dynamics.     

发射型钹式换能器的研究

为分析低频钹式换能器的发射电压响应、辐射声功率、发射效率等性能参数,通过ANSYS有限元软件建立了发射换能器的轴对称模型,设计了不同结构参数的共振频率为2kHz左右发射型钹式换能器,从结构阻尼入手,通过仿真分析计算,得到换能器的带宽、品质因数等,比较了不同结构参数的换能器的各项性能,绘制了不同结构参数的发射电压响应曲线,为分析设计钹式换能器提供了理论依据。     

行星齿轮传动齿根动应力计算

针对功率分流行星齿轮传动齿轮重合度大,齿根应力计算工作量大的问题,对齿根动应力的计算问题进行了详细的研究。并以功率分流差动级太阳轮为例,对模型的建立方法、网格的划分方法、载荷的施加方法进行了详细的分析。利用Ansys中的APDL语言形成载荷文件,来控制在1个啮合周期内若干对接触线位置上载荷的施加。本文的计算方法可以精确、快速地得到1个齿在啮合过程中齿根的动应力。     

变频调速技术应用的经验

介绍变频调速技术的特点,以及在港口装卸设备电气传动控制系统改造中选择和应用变频器的技巧和经验.     

xPON技术在铁路视频监控系统的应用前景简

xPON作为新一代光纤接入技术,在抗干扰性、带宽特性、接入距离、维护管理等方面均具有巨大优势,将成为一种主流宽带接入技术,并在铁路视频监控系统中有很广阔的应用前景.     

Incorporating human-factors in car-following models: A review of recent developments and research needs

Over the past decades there has been a considerable development in the modeling of car-following (CF) behavior as a result of research undertaken by both traffic engineers and traffic psychologists. While traffic engineers seek to understand the behavior of a traffic stream, traffic psychologists seek to describe the human abilities and errors involved in the driving process. This paper provides a comprehensive review of these two research streams.It is necessary to consider human-factors in CF modeling for a more realistic representation of CF behavior in complex driving situations (for example, in traffic breakdowns, crash-prone situations, and adverse weather conditions) to improve traffic safety and to better understand widely-reported puzzling traffic flow phenomena, such as capacity drop, stop-and-go oscillations, and traffic hysteresis. While there are some excellent reviews of CF models available in the literature, none of these specifically focuses on the human factors in these models.This paper addresses this gap by reviewing the available literature with a specific focus on the latest advances in car-following models from both the engineering and human behavior points of view. In so doing, it analyses the benefits and limitations of various models and highlights future research needs in the area.     

桥梁结构状态健康监测系统差错控制研究

数据可靠度问题是制约桥梁结构健康监测系统进一步发展的瓶颈。而数据通信领域利用差错控制思想来保证数据的可靠性,已获得成功应用。目前的桥梁结构健康监测系统尚无数据差错控制的思想,也无相关的理论和模型。从系统的角度提出桥梁结构健康监测系统差错控制的基本思想和模型,以及针对信息获取环节、数据传输环节、安全评价环节的差错控制机制,从而彻底解决桥梁结构健康监测系统的数据失真问题,提高系统的可靠性,有效降低虚/漏报警率,并在具体实践中得以成功运用。     

车用电磁耦合无级变速系统

探讨了一种具有两个机械端口和一个电气端口的电磁耦合无级变速系统，该系统不仅能实现无级变速功能，还具备车辆离合器，齿轮传动及启动电机等装置的功能。经对该变速系统的功率流模型的分析可知，基于无级变速系统的功率流数学模型的效率比常规级联式车用电传动系统高。能量分配优化方法在Matlab／Simulink仿真平台上应用于整车仿真，仿真结果表明这种无级变速系统的可行性。     

自动变速器故障的系统分析诊断法

介绍了一种汽车电控自动变速器故障的系统分析诊断方法。包括基本检查、手动档试验、电控系统检测、失速试验、动力传动分析、液压控制系统分析和电控系统检测等。结合一辆装备4T60-E电控自动变速器的GM LUMINA车辆，冷车时前进档、R档均不能起步，以及一辆装备A650E电控5速自动变速器的LEXUSLS400车辆，D、4、3、2挡不能起步等故障实例，论述了系统分析诊断方法的应用。     

AL4自动变速器的特点分析

由ＰＳＡ集团和雷诺公司共同设计的ＡＬ４自动变速器,装备于雪铁龙Ｘａｎｔｉａ中档轿车上。该变速器具有智能化程度高、换挡品质好、扭矩覆盖面大及结构紧凑等特点。该变速器采用带锁止离合器的扁平型三元件液力变矩器,行星齿轮变速机构采用的是ＣＲ－ＣＲ(辛普森２型)机构,换挡操纵机构采用推拉软轴式操纵机构。