Fractional-order-based ACC/CACC algorithm for improving string stability

Traffic flow optimization and driver comfort enhancement are the main contributions of an Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) system. If communication links are added, more safety and shorter gaps can be reached performing a Cooperative-ACC (CACC). Although shortening the inter-vehicular distances directly improves traffic flow, it can cause string unstable behavior. This paper presents fractional-order-based control algorithms to enhance the car-following and string stability performance for both ACC and CACC vehicle strings, including communication temporal delay effects. The proposed controller is compared with state-of-the-art implementations, exhibiting better performance. Simulation and real experiments have been conducted for validating the approach.     

Generating lane-based intersection maps from crowdsourcing big trace data

Lane-based road information plays a critical role in transportation systems, a lane-based intersection map is the most important component in a detailed road map of the transportation infrastructure. Researchers have developed various algorithms to detect the spatial layout of intersections based on sensor data such as high-definition images/videos, laser point cloud data, and GPS traces, which can recognize intersections and road segments; however, most approaches do not automatically generate Lane-based Intersection Maps (LIMs). The objective of our study is to generate LIMs automatically from crowdsourced big trace data using a multi-hierarchy feature extraction strategy. The LIM automatic generation method proposed in this paper consists of the initial recognition of road intersections, intersection layout detection, and lane-based intersection map-generation. The initial recognition process identifies intersection and non-intersection areas using spatial clustering algorithms based on the similarity of angle and distance. The intersection layout is composed of exit and entry points, obtained by combining trajectory integration algorithms and turn rules at road intersections. The LIM generation step is finally derived from the intersection layout detection results and lane-based road information, based on geometric matching algorithms. The effectiveness of our proposed LIM generation method is demonstrated using crowdsourced vehicle traces. Additional comparisons and analysis are also conducted to confirm recognition results. Experiments show that the proposed method saves time and facilitates LIM refinement from crowdsourced traces more efficiently than methods based on other types of sensor data.     

Climate change behaviors related to purchase and use of personal cars: Development and validation of eco-socially conscious consumer behavior scale

A constantly changing environment and global warming are issues that are recognized at all global forums. One of the major reasons for global warming is the emission of greenhouse gasses which is primarily caused by use of personal cars as means of transport. This study reports on the development of an eco-socially conscious consumer behavior (ESCCB) scale specific to purchase and use of personal cars, based on samples of actual automobile customers in Pakistan. Using mixed method approaches, the results of 3 studies yield a 9-item three-dimensional scale (eco-social conservation, eco-social use, and eco-social purchase) with satisfactory reliability, construct validity and nomological validity. Second-order factor analysis revealed that eco-social purchase was the most important dimension, followed by eco-conservation and eco-social use. A test of nomological behavior shows that the scale is positively associated with a related construct: environmental concern. This study advances the literature on pro-environmental behaviors by introducing a conceptual definition of ESCCB related to personal car purchase and use, developing a measure for the ESCCB concept and validating the scale in the context of an emerging economy, Pakistan. The scale provides important insights for marketers in the automobile industry for remodelling marketing plans, as well as for environmentalists focusing on strategies to bring change in consumer behavior.     

呼和浩特市优先发展城市公共交通探讨

通过对呼和浩特市城市公共交通现状的分析,指出呼和浩特市公共交通存在的问题,进一步说明保证呼和浩特市公共交通优先发展在缓减交通压力、提高城市公共客运效益、环境保护方面的重要意义,同时提出呼和浩特市优先发展公共交通应采取的措施.     

基于宜兴市居民出行特征的客运交通发展对策研究

居民出行调查是城市交通规划、建设和管理的基本依据．本文根据宜兴市2002年居民出行调查的有关数据,对人均出行次数、平均出行时耗、出行方式构成、出行目的和出行时间分布等进行了分析,并在此基础上,结合宜兴市交通现状及城市总体规划,从优先发展公共交通、重视自行车交通、控制摩托丰发展、加强交通管制、强化市场机制、加强企业管理和政府扶持相结合以及颁布公交行业服务标准等方面,提出了宜兴市客运交通发展的几点对策．     

四川旅游资源交通系统综合布局分析

作为影响旅游活动的重要因素之一,交通布局直接关系到旅游业的发展。本文根据四川旅游资源的现状、地理位置等情况,将四川划分出三大旅游经济圈,从各旅游经济圈交通现状及客流特征入手,利用关联分析的方法,结合数据对比,剖析了各旅游经济圈与交通的关联。最后,在整合四川旅游资源的前提下,得出了四川旅游资源交通系统综合布局的相关结论。     

基于GSM短消息的木材运输码单稽查系统

为解决因网络无法延伸到达林区作业现场而无法实时荻取运输数据问题,作者应用手机短信技术研究和构建了适合于南方林区特点的县级木材运输稽查管理网络系统。本文着重分析手机短信检尺码单信息处理系统的组成、短信平台的特点与选择、信息编码的格式与计算方法,详细论述了系统软件设计方法、长短信处理技术、稽查数据的短信格式和系统运行模式．系统的应用显著提高了木材运输稽查管理水平和工作效率,有良好的推广前景。     

区域道路运输相对效率截面分析

随着区域路网的完善,其承载的道路运输业也呈现快速发展态势。在区域层面上,实现两者的良性互动,需要因地制宜,实现区域与运输业阶段性的协调决策,进而保证在全社会范围内对优化资源配置。这些分析的实现需要合适的评价方法对道路运输业投入要素与产出要素间的内在关系进行深入研究,并能对投入、产出要素进行量化控制。本文引入数据包络分析方法（Data Envelopment Analyses,简称DEA方法）,采用CCR模型（Charnes,Cooper and Rhodes Model）以各区域道路运输为决策单元;构筑各区域道路运输生产前沿面,评价各单元的相对效率,分析各要素投入的变动对产出的影响。