防错技术在城市轨道交通运营管理中的应用

城市轨道交通的系统构成和运营组织结构的特点包括专业多、覆盖面广、联动性强等,这些特点给保持长期的安全平稳运营带来很大挑战,反思各地城市轨道交通运营的事故案例,发现人为错误是最易出现也是最难控制的。从防错技术的提出、人为错误机理、防错核心思想入手,分析防错技术在城市轨道交通中应用的重要性;依据运营实际需求,提出防错技术应用的原则和推广实施"三阶六步"法,并结合运营实践进行案例分析。     

重庆跨座式单轨1500V接触轨系统的安全管理

论述重庆跨座式单轨采用的直流1500V接触轨系统的构成、技术特征和在运营中的应用情况,介绍在采用直流1500V接触轨系统时的安全管理、安全防护措施。通过实践得出结论：在车辆段、地面正线等区域的使用中,尽管1500V接触轨系统比柔性架空网存在较高的触电风险,但如果运营公司高度重视,采取有效的隔离设计,以及强有力和细致的现场管理,就能够防范其带来的风险,确保运营安全。     

北京地铁亦庄线电能质量管理系统

论述采用电能质量管理系统的必要性,确定电能质量管理系统的设计原则.以北京地铁亦庄线电能质量管理系统为例,介绍系统的构成、功能及仪表设置,分析系统的通信方式,对电能质量管理系统的发展趋势进行展望.实践表明,该系统能对地铁内部用电设备的各项电能质量指标进行监测和分析,具有电能监测、数据分析、电能分类统计等功能,可以及时发现...     

城市轨道交通应急管理模式初探

高速发展的城市轨道交通行业已进入到一个突发公共事件频发的时期,如何正确认识和应对这些突发公共事件,是需要城市轨道交通企业高度重视、谨慎对待的问题;指出必须通过建立和健全城市轨道交通应急管理机制,不断提高城市轨道交通企业应急处置能力.     

一种城市轨道交通便携式检票机

对一种便携式检票机的设计开发作详细介 绍,首先从总体出发设计主控模块、智能卡读写模块、 SAM 卡模块和 ZigBee 无线通信模块四大模块,并定义 各自功能与接口内容,然后对应用工作流程进行分析, 设计基于 ZigBee 无线组网技术构建的便携式检票机系 统,最后采用 WindowsCE 电源管理器实现电源管理方 案。详细介绍应用于城市轨道交通的便携式检票机的 各种功能,为便携式检票机的实际应用提供参考。     

基于PDMS系统的城际动车组全三维设计研究

通过阐述城际动车组在Teamcenter和UG NX环境下采用数字化技术开发的过程、方法,介绍了PDMS系统文件数据的管理方式,自顶向下地适合动车组车辆协同设计的装配设计方法,大装配技术和车辆分系统出图的方法等,同时还提出并介绍了全数字化车辆模型在动车组车辆重量管理、干涉检查和设备布置优化等方面的应用,为轨道交通车辆全三维协同设计提供了一种设计参考。     

基于高地联动的城市快速路交通提升策略研究

随着社会经济的发展,城市快速路交通呈现常态化拥堵运行状态,因此亟需开展交通综合提升研究。以苏州市内环某快速路为例,基于多源数据科学研判交通拥堵问题的成因,运用高地联动的优化策略,以全局最优、系统协同理念制定交通提升实施方案。根据交通流的溯源分析,寻找可能的分流通道。一方面,通过工程措施提升分流通道的通行能力;另一方面,通过快速路的交通管理方案,诱导快速路上的短途交通转入分流通道,均衡快速路和分流通道的流量分布,从而有效缓解快速路的交通拥堵。     

Total cost analysis: An alternative to benefit-cost analysis in evaluating transportation alternatives

This paper explains the theory in support of total cost analysis (TCA) to compare transportation system alternatives. The full costs of each alternative are first aggregated, including travel time costs and monetizable environmental and social costs. Many costs which are considered on the benefits side of the equation in benefit-cost analysis (BCA) as "cost savings" are brought over to the costs side. Total cost differences among alternatives are then traded off against their estimated non-monetized benefits or impacts, just as a consumer trades off product quality against cost before deciding which product he or she will buy. One advantage of TCA over traditional BCA is that the concept of "total cost" is more easily understood by the public and by political decision-makers than BCA concepts such as "net present worth", "benefit-cost ratio" and "internal rate of return". A second advantage is that there is no suggestion that all "benefits" have been considered; decision-makers are free to use their own value judgements to trade off total cost against non-monetizable social, environmental and economic impacts, just as they trade off quality and convenience against cost when purchasing goods and services in their roles as consumers. The TCA approach is demonstrated in this paper through a case study of two systemwide alternatives for the Baltimore, MD urban area.     

Regulatory reform and freight mode choice

Reform of trucking Vehicle Weights and Dimensions (VWD) regulations in Canada is now underway. The effect these reforms will have on the freight transportation industry are only recently the subject of research. This paper is part of this new research effort, aimed at understanding how regulatory reform in the trucking sector will affect the existing competitive relationship between trucks and the railways. The paper presents the results of study and research into modelling the relationship between mode choice and the service characteristics that are affected by VWD reform.Using several periods of data, a series of econometric models are developed which help to elucidate the relative relationships between the mode service characteristics for both of the principal interprovincial freight modes. A technique is developed and presented to model railway user costs in order to overcome the complex and often unrepresentable pricing activities of Canadian railways.The strength of the developed econometric models is presented, including their significance and statistical reliability. This is further reinforced by the similarities exhibited by all the models in the series. The selected model is applied to predict market service responses required of the railway industry in order to compete with the trucking sector now adapting to the new regulations.The impact of the newly implemented vehicle weight and dimension reform on the rail transportation industry is analyzed and railway industry improvements aimed at maintaining its market share are presented. The results predicted by the model show that railway user cost reductions should be moderate, and likely less than the level of inflation over the period of time when trucking converts its fleet to take advantage of the new regulations.Abbreviations AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - CCMTA Canadian Conference of Motor Transport Administrators - EPI End products, inedible commodity classification - GVW Gross Vehicle Weight - NA 1988 VWD National Agreement - RTAC Roads and Transportation Association of Canada - VWD Vehicle Weight(s) and Dimension(s) - WA 1988 VWD Western Agreement     

基于ITS的汽车主动避撞性关键技术研究(一)

利用信息感知、动态辨识、控制等技术与方法提高汽车的主动安全性，是智能交通系统（ITS）的主要研发内容之一。介绍了基于ITS的汽车主动避撞关键技术的研究工作，主要包括：车辆运动中对周围障碍物的感知技术方法；危险或安全状态的动态辨识；具有主动避撞性能的ACC（Adaptive Cruise Control）技术等；给出了相关技术研究的仿真及实验结果，并对该技术在我国的实用化前景进行了展望。