浅谈城市滨水空间的开发利用——重庆江北城聚贤岩广场及道路工程

聚贤岩位于重庆市江北城,原规划该节点为Y型立体交叉,以交通功能为主,但设计遵循以人为本的理念,最终将车行交通引入地下空间,地面改为休闲文化广场,后期还在广场下方引入江水源热泵集中供冷供热项目。简要介绍重庆滨水空间的现状问题,阐述该项目对规划方案的调整、道路设计、结构设计和排水设计,并介绍了江水源集中供冷供热项目,对滨水空间的开发利用提出了新思路和解决办法。     

水气双重介质共同作用下滑行艇纵向运动预报

为探究滑行艇水气双重介质共同作用下的运动响应情况,针对喷水推进滑行艇的高速运动原理,建立水气双重介质作用下滑行艇非线性的纵向运动数学模型。分析滑行艇在水气双重介质共同作用下滑行过程中的受力特性,确定艇体受到的重力、浮力、动升力和风压阻力等,改进受风面积和风压力臂的计算方法,提出实时计算滑行艇浸湿长度的计算公式。编写滑行艇纵向运动预报程序,并对不同工况下滑行艇运动的预报结果予以了分析。结果显示,当主机输出功率一定时,计入空气比不计入空气时的航速下降5.1%,升沉量下降0.006 m,纵摇角抬升0.2°,阻力增加1 893 N,动升力减小404 N;而计入风的阻力对滑行艇的运动影响较大,航速下降15.3%,纵摇角增加0.6°,升沉量下降0.021 m,动升力下降1 139 N,阻力增加5 472 N。     

港珠澳大桥主体工程建设项目管理规划

描述了港珠澳大桥主体工程建设项目管理规划文件框架,介绍了港珠澳大桥项目愿景和建设目标、项目管理总体策略、项目专用技术和管理标准,提出了以"建设目标—管理策略—专用标准"的金字塔模型作为项目管理规划框架的构建方法。     

城市快速路规划建设中应重视的几个问题——以无锡市为例

城市快速路是缓解城市拥堵的主要手段.通过介绍无锡市的城市特点,回顾了无锡市快速路网的演变过程.结合无锡市快速路网建设经验,总结了快速路规划建设中应重视的问题.从建设必要性、城市规划、客货分离和线位选择4个方面对快速路规划进行了探讨.实施层面上,强调了快速路建设时序和设置形式的重要性,并遵循"慢进快出"的理念.     

湖北省高速公路改扩建建设需求及建设时序浅析

随着经济的快速发展及高速公路的快速建设,湖北省高速公路建设将由规模扩张向增效扩容转变,高速公路改扩建也将成为湖北省今后一段时间内的建设重点,而研判一段时间内高速公路改扩建项目的建设需求及建设时序势必也将成为相关规划编制的重要内容及关键性问题之一.论述高速公路改扩建建设需求及建设时序的判定方法和思路,分析湖北省高速公路改扩建建设需求的主要来源和建设时序判定需遵循的基本原则,以供编制相关规划参考.     

装载机避障轨迹规划及模型预测轨迹跟踪

轮式装载机在工作区域行驶时，避障过程频繁，以往的避障轨迹规划未考虑整车转向半径约束和车速变化，也较少考虑整车在动力学模型条件下的轨迹跟踪性能。针对上述情况，以自动驾驶轮式装载机为对象，基于最优快速随机扩展树算法（RRT^*），考虑车身膨胀圆个数，生成全局最优避障路径，以整车最小稳定转向半径为约束，利用CC-Steer算法对避障路径进行平滑处理，采用路径-速度分解算法规划满足整车在加速、匀速和减速状态下的避障行驶轨迹。基于整车动力学模型，考虑行驶过程中的横向位置偏差和航向角偏差，并将整车动力传动系统视为1阶惯性环节，构建装载机动力学状态空间方程。以加速度和铰接角为控制输入，以车速、横向位置偏差和航向角偏差为控制输出，建立整车动力学预测模型，以加速度、铰接角和车速为约束条件，将目标函数转换为二次规划问题，建立满足装载机在工作区域避障的模型预测轨迹跟踪控制系统。以规划的非匀速行驶避障轨迹为目标，利用构建的模型预测轨迹跟踪系统，进行自动驾驶轮式装载机的轨迹跟踪仿真。研究结果表明：所提方法能够很好地控制自动驾驶轮式装载机从初始位姿驶向目标位姿，实现整车在工作区域的避障过程，且在避障过程中满足整车的约束要求，保证整车在轨迹跟踪过程中的安全稳定性能。     

A dynamic automated lane change maneuver based on vehicle-to-vehicle communication

Automated driving is gaining increasing amounts of attention from both industry and academic communities because it is regarded as the most promising technology for improving road safety in the future. The ability to make an automated lane change is one of the most important parts of automated driving. However, there has been little research into automated lane change maneuvers, and current research has not identified a way to avoid potential collisions during lane changes, which result from the state variations of the other vehicles. One important reason is that the lane change vehicle cannot acquire accurate information regarding the other vehicles, especially the vehicles in the adjacent lane. However, vehicle-to-vehicle communication has the advantage of providing more information, and this information is more accurate than that obtained from other sensors, such as radars and lasers. Therefore, we propose a dynamic automated lane change maneuver based on vehicle-to-vehicle communication to accomplish an automated lane change and eliminate potential collisions during the lane change process. The key technologies for this maneuver are trajectory planning and trajectory tracking. Trajectory planning calculates a reference trajectory satisfying the demands of safety, comfort and traffic efficiency and updates it to avoid potential collisions until the lane change is complete. The trajectory planning method converts the planning problem into a constrained optimization problem using the lane change time and distance. This method is capable of planning a reference trajectory for a normal lane change, an emergency lane change and a change back to the original lane. A trajectory-tracking controller based on sliding mode control calculates the control inputs to make the host vehicle travel along the reference trajectory. Finally, simulations and experiments using a driving simulator are conducted. They demonstrate that the proposed dynamic automated lane change maneuver can avoid potential collisions during the lane change process effectively.     

Incorporating Knightian uncertainty into real options analysis: Using multiple-priors in the case of rail transit investment

This paper revisits the real option investment problem from a ‘Knightian’ perspective of uncertainty. We examine the decision to invest in rail transit infrastructure (i.e., transport improvement) by treating population scale and the attitudes of decision-makers or social planners as sources of risk and ambiguity. An α-maxmin multiple-priors expected utility framework is developed to solve for the option value of rail transit investment under Knightian uncertainty. We find that the threshold for investment varies with the ambiguity attitudes (i.e., pessimism or optimism) of decision-makers regarding future population dynamics, and show that option value can in fact either increase or decrease with uncertainty subject to κ-ignorance and ambiguity. We also underline the effect of transport improvement on traffic congestion under various states of nature, and determine the specific population scale ranges for which investment is warranted under (1) risk and (2) Knightian uncertainty. These dynamics are illustrated in a numerical application adapted from a Chinese rail transit initiative specific to the Xiamen region.     

Governance Responses to Rapid Growth in Environmentally Sensitive Areas of Coastal Australia

The twin forces of rising affluence and population are altering coastal communities around the world. High amenity, environmentally sensitive areas—particularly attractive, non-metropolitan coastal environments—are witnessing a tidal wave of in migration from former urbanites. As a result, these communities are struggling to accommodate growing numbers of people with urban tastes and rural dreams in areas with governance structures and physical infrastructure designed for occasional tourists. This article looks at how governance frameworks in coastal Australia respond to the profound environmental, social, and cultural implications of this process. We offer a typology of non-metropolitan coastal growth settings—from exurban contexts to isolated coastal hamlets—and identify the main environmental, social, economic, and governance issues they face. We then outline the policy and legislative framework governing coastal areas in Australia and show how this framework is interpreted at the local level through an analysis of five local plans covering different coastal settings.