Design and model test of a soft-connected lattice-structured floating solar photovoltaic concept for harsh offshore conditions

Various types of floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) devices have been previously proposed, designed and constructed with applications primarily limited to onshore water bodies or near-shore regions with benign environmental conditions. This paper proposes a novel FPV concept which can survive harsh environmental conditions with extreme wave heights above 10 m. This concept uses standardised lightweight semi-submersible floats made of circular materials as individual modules. The floating modules are soft connected with ropes to form an FPV array. We first present the conceptual design of the floats and the connection systems, including hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, and structural assessments of the floats. To verify the motion response performance, we carried out 1:60 scaled model tests for a 2 by 3 array under regular and irregular wave conditions. From the time series and response spectra, the motion characteristics of the array and the mooring responses are analysed in detail. The proposed concept exhibits excellent performances in terms of modular motions with limited wave overtopping and no contact is observed between adjacent modules under the extreme wave conditions. The findings of this study can serve as a valuable reference to developing reliable and cost-effective FPV technologies for offshore conditions.     

Engelund弯道横向流速公式改进

Engelund弯道环流公式理论性强、国际上应用广泛,但底部边界条件假设不尽合理,致使公式不适用于粗糙床面。修正了底部滑移速度,提出河底横向湍流切应力形式,将两者用于边界条件。据此得到光滑和粗糙床面统一的弯道环流流速公式,改进了Engelund公式。改进公式具有普遍适用性,且计算值与实测资料符合度优于前人公式。     

钢管桩支架在小半径大横坡现浇箱梁施工中的应用

辽河特大桥北引桥40 m跨现浇箱梁设计平曲线最小半径为420 m,最大横坡为5%,基础多处于滩涂、水塘等软基地带。根据现场实际情况,选用装配式钢管桩少支架方案。实践表明：该方案保证了安全、质量,节约了工期,应用成功,值得同类工程施工参考。