管壁不连续对管路中传播的弯曲波的隔离

采用梁弯曲振动的运动方程来求解管壁中传播的弯曲波,然后用传递矩阵的方法得出了弯曲波在通过管壁不连续段后的透射系数矩阵。利用边界条件,分析了管壁材料不连续段及其在管路中的布置情况对弯曲波透射系数的影响,并得出了如下结论:作为管路不连续段的铜管、铝管和挠性胶管都可以对管路中传播的弯曲波起到隔离作用,但它们也都有可能使振动放大。这与频率、边界条件和管路不连续段的布置密切相关;对极低频弯曲波的隔离是十分困难的,甚至是不可能的;管路不连续段的布置情况、管路边界条件(即支撑情况)和频率应当是管路隔振设计中需要特别注意的因素;挠性胶管在可以起隔离作用的条件下能够取得比铜管和铝管更低的透射系数和更大的位移补偿。     

Fracture mechanics analysis for mooring chain links subjected to out-of-plane bending (OPB)

A fracture mechanics (FM) based investigation on the mechanism of out-of-plane bending (OPB) between mooring chain links and its effects on fatigue lives of mooring chain links are conducted. Four types of OPB problems that mooring chain links laying on the chain wheel, chain links passing over the bending shoe, chain links constraint provided by the chain hawse, and chain links constraint provided by the chain stopper are considered. Tension ranges of mooring lines are calculated based on the combined loading process induced by the motions of wave frequency (WF) and low frequency (LF). Initial cracks are assumed to propagate from surfaces of chain links and stress intensity factors are calculated in terms of stress ranges determined by a finite element (FE) analysis. The results show that fatigue lives of mooring chain links are decreased significantly due to OPB effects. In addition, the increase of the number of pockets of chain wheel mitigates OPB effects on fatigue lives of mooring chain links laying on the chain wheel, and the increase of the track diameter would reduce OPB effects on fatigue lives of mooring chain links passing over the bending shoe as well. However, for chain links constraint provided by the chain hawse, the diameter of mooring chain hawse has no significant effect on fatigue lives of the mooring chain links subject to OPB if without the abrupt change of the contact conditions between chain links and chain hawse. For mooring links constraint provided by chain stoppers considering the effect of proof loading test, fatigue lives of mooring chain links would drop significantly with the increase of interlink angles and friction coefficient.     

A model for the biaxial dynamic bending of unbonded flexible pipes

An analytical model is given to investigate the behavior of unbonded flexible pipes under biaxial dynamic bending. The stick-slip conditions of each wire are studied in the framework of incremental analysis by an operator splitting of the time step into a stick-state prediction and a slip-state correction step. The tension gradient is calculated using the classical return-mapping algorithm and the obtained tension gradients are integrated numerically to find the axial tension by imposing appropriate boundary conditions. From the axial tension the bending moments with respect to the principal bending axes of the pipe are obtained. Poisson's effect, bending induced tension in the wire, shear deformations of the supporting plastic layer and the changes of the effective torsion and curvature increments of the wire after slip occurs are taken into account in the model. The results of bending moment–curvature relationship from this model are compared with the test data from simple bending and good correlations are found. The comparison of the biaxial bending moment results between this model and the available model also shows good agreement.     

双弧型横向钢阻尼装置试验研究与应用分析

以商合杭客运专线颍上特大桥为工程背景,对双弧型横向钢阻尼装置的应用性能进行了试验研究.结果表明:双弧型横向钢阻尼装置具有较好的滞回特性,应用双弧型横向钢阻尼装置可以降低桥梁横桥向1阶频率,减小桥梁横向地震力,提高桥梁的抗震性能,但并未改变桥梁的振型特征.     

均布荷载作用下双面组合梁的滑移效应分析

利用基本力学方法对钢．混凝土双面组合梁在均布荷载作用下的滑移效应进行分析，推导得到了负弯矩区上、下交界面滑移沿梁长方向的表达式，并通过算例比较了双面组合梁与传统单面连续组合梁的滑移特点。计算表明，与传统单面连续组合梁相比，钢-混凝土双面组合连续梁不仅在负弯矩区提高了截面承载力，也使截面刚度得到了提高。     

宽矮多格室曲线板桥实用计算方法评述

本文以模型桥的试验数据为依据,通过对宽矮多格室曲线板桥荷载横向分布的分析,评述了现行的各种关于曲线梁桥的实用计算方法;同时还对比了具有中横隔梁结构与无中横隔梁结构的受力性能。文中的许多数据,可供结构设计选型和计算方法选用时的参考。     

基于车桥耦合的三跨连续拱梁组合桥冲击系数研究

为合理分析和计算桥梁结构各关键部位的冲击系数,以三跨连续拱梁组合桥为例进行分析。分别利用MATLAB和ANSYS建立11自由度的三维车模型和有限元模型。采用车桥耦合迭代的方法,得到桥梁关键部位在车辆荷载作用下的振动响应。研究结果表明:车辆在任何车道行驶时,边主梁、边拱肋及斜吊杆的冲击系数都大于相应中主梁、中拱肋及直吊杆;随着桥面平整度等级的增加,各关键部位的冲击系数与振动系数的关系满足均幂函数,且呈非线性增长;随着车速的增加,车辆在不同车道行驶时其规律性不一致,在快车道冲击系数呈现先增大后减小的趋势,在中车道呈现先增大后减小再增大的趋势,在慢车道呈现一直增大的趋势;随着车重的增加,冲击系数减小的幅度呈现逐渐减小的规律,轻车低速对桥梁的冲击效应更加显著;大多数工况下端部短吊杆的冲击系数均大于规范值,因此,在桥梁设计中应更加注重短吊杆的抗疲劳设计。     

石济客运专线济南黄河桥正交异性钢桥面板设计研究

石济客运专线济南黄河桥主桥为公铁两用桥,上层的公路桥面及下层的铁路桥面均为正交异性钢桥面板,其除承受桥面局部荷载外,还参与体系受力。对于此类结构,我国规范没有明确规定,本文意对其关键构造进行研究,确保结构受力安全可靠。其公路及铁路桥面板设计符合欧洲规范(BS EN 1993-2:2006)、日本规范及铁路钢桥规范要求,采用的各细部构造抗疲劳性能好,同时,通过数值分析验证了设计的可靠性。此设计符合技术先进、安全可靠、经济合理等设计原则,其构造形式及分析方法可供类似结构借鉴。     

机车侧墙上弦梁内板折弯工艺难点及改进措施

文章阐述HXD1B、HXD1C型机车车体侧墙上弦梁内板折弯成型的特点和难点,分析现有设备和模具存在的问题,并介绍改进措施,达到了预期效果。     

钢带软管内压和弯曲研究

复合材料管已成为管道发展的热点和趋势。文中对钢带软管在同时受到内压和弯曲组合载荷作用下的力学性能进行了研究。基于建立的钢带软管的环向和径向力学平衡方程,提出了不同弯曲半径下该种类型管道的爆破压力理论计算方法。文中还进行了有限元数值模拟,并与理论计算结果对比分析,分析结果表明文中提出的爆破压力计算方法可作为此类管在同时受到内压及弯曲组合载荷作用下的通用算法,为解决此类工程问题提供重要参考。