铁路通信信号电源视频监控技术的应用及分析

结合工程实际,对铁路通信信号电源视频监控系统进行了全面介绍和分析,对工程中存在的问题通过试验分析得出针对性的解决方案,并就铁路电力视频监控技术的发展进行有益的探讨。     

基于集肤效应的地铁短路时间常数研究

在充分利用广州地铁实测数据基础上,通过建立恰当的短路计算模型,证明了在地铁短路过程的发展阶段其短路电流的时间常数是不断变化的;同时,对集肤效应进行了深入的理论分析,通过对实际情况的适当简化,进行了相关仿真研究;在仿真结果的基础上,总结了地铁走行轨在集肤效应的影响下电阻和电感参数随频率变化的情况。     

深圳地铁5号线车站动力照明方案设计

结合深圳地铁5号线车站的实际状况,并参考了其它城市轨道交通车站的动力照明设计经验,对深圳地铁5号线车站的动力照明方案设计进行了详细的介绍。     

地铁车厢内回风方式数值仿真分析

不同的空调回风方式对地铁车厢内的空调效果有一定的影响。文章采用数值方法对车厢内流场进行仿真,分析了两种常见的地铁车厢内回风方式的温度场和流场。结果表明,采用两种回风方式,均能满足乘客舒适性要求。     

大跨高低塔不对称斜拉桥抗震性能分析与评估

为了研究大跨斜拉桥的两阶段水准设防下的抗震性能,依托某大跨高低塔不对称斜拉桥,通过有限元模型建立了空间有限元模型,采用了反应谱和线性时程对比分析的方法。分析表明地震作用下,主桥的不利截面分别为双塔的塔底截面,其低塔受横向地震效应影响较大,高塔受纵向地震效应影响较大,设计配筋时应根据受力方向优化。     

预应力混凝土箱梁结构日照温差应力分析

预应力混凝土桥梁受太阳辐射,结构表面至一定厚度范围内将产生温度差,与此同时,梁体自身对其内部纤维形成约束,从而出现温度应力。运用ANSYS软件建立了连续刚构桥主梁实体单元模型,重点考虑温度梯度影响,通过对比分析不同形状梁截面对温度应力的反应,得出腹板与顶板间加腋对腹板因温度梯度引起的拉应力影响甚微。提出腹板温度应力对预应力混凝土桥梁结构的设计过程影响甚重,须加以考虑,可供同型桥梁设计参考。     

Total cost analysis: An alternative to benefit-cost analysis in evaluating transportation alternatives

This paper explains the theory in support of total cost analysis (TCA) to compare transportation system alternatives. The full costs of each alternative are first aggregated, including travel time costs and monetizable environmental and social costs. Many costs which are considered on the benefits side of the equation in benefit-cost analysis (BCA) as "cost savings" are brought over to the costs side. Total cost differences among alternatives are then traded off against their estimated non-monetized benefits or impacts, just as a consumer trades off product quality against cost before deciding which product he or she will buy. One advantage of TCA over traditional BCA is that the concept of "total cost" is more easily understood by the public and by political decision-makers than BCA concepts such as "net present worth", "benefit-cost ratio" and "internal rate of return". A second advantage is that there is no suggestion that all "benefits" have been considered; decision-makers are free to use their own value judgements to trade off total cost against non-monetizable social, environmental and economic impacts, just as they trade off quality and convenience against cost when purchasing goods and services in their roles as consumers. The TCA approach is demonstrated in this paper through a case study of two systemwide alternatives for the Baltimore, MD urban area.     

Teleworking in the Netherlands: an evaluation of changes in travel behaviour

This article describes the first experiment on teleworking in the Netherlands, and presents the results of an analysis of the impact of teleworking on the travel behaviour of the participants in the experiment and their household members. It was concluded that teleworking has resulted in a significant decrease in the total number of trips by teleworkers (–17%). Peak-hour traffic by car has been reduced even more (–26%). An unexpected result was that the household members of the teleworkers also appeared to travel less than before the experiment.     

汽车零部件集中采购决策矩阵

对汽车制造商集中采购和资源分配中出现的问题进行了分析,提出了以价格—索赔率矩阵进行优选供应商、集中采购的方法,解决了如何与供应商实现双赢问题。     

交通信息服务条件下的出行选择分析

首先 ,探讨了出行者的出行心理、行为以及信息之间的相互关系 ,在此基础上 ,简要分析了出行者的出行选择。其次 ,考虑在交通信息服务条件下 ,由于出行者本身以及信息方面的原因 ,出行选择可能出现过激反应、集聚反应等问题。最后 ,针对上述问题 ,提出应该加以重视的或有待进一步研究的几个问题。