汉巴南铁路兰渝联络线电分相设置方案研究

联络线电分相设置方案影响因素众多,且其设置与否对工程和运营的影响也较大。本文对汉巴南铁路兰渝联络线电分相设置方案进行研究,提出高速铁路设置关节式电分相联络线最短长度;对联络线电分相不同设置方案进行比选研究,并结合各方案的土建工程、信号系统、供电系统及限制因素提出布局优化措施,以期为联络线电分相合理设置与优化布局提供新思路。     

Evaluating sustainability of supply chains by two-stage range directional measure in the presence of negative data

Assessing sustainability of supply chains is a critical and increasingly complex problem. In recent years sustainability has received more attention in supply chain management (SCM) literature with triple bottom lines including social, environmental, and economic factors. Conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models consider decision making units (DMUs) as black boxes that consume a set of inputs to produce a set of outputs and do not take into consideration internal interactions of DMUs. Two-stage DEA models deal with such DMUs. However, existing two-stage DEA models are applicable only in technologies characterized by positive inputs/outputs. This paper aims to build and present a new two-stage DEA model considering negative input-intermediate-output data. Some numerical examples along with some theorems and properties are given to show capability of proposed method. The proposed ideas are used in a case study where 29 Iranian supply chains producing equipment of expendable medical devices are evaluated in terms of sustainability.     

A carbon footprint-based closed-loop supply chain model under uncertainty with risk analysis: A case study

The management of products’ end-of-life and the recovery of used products has gained significant importance in recent years. In this paper, we address the carbon footprint-based problem that arises in a closed-loop supply chain where returned products are collected from customers. These returned products can either be disposed of or be remanufactured to be resold as new ones. Given this environment, an optimization model for a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) in which carbon emission is expressed in terms of environmental constraints, i.e., carbon emission constraints, is developed. These constraints aim to limit the carbon emission per unit of product supplied with different transportation modes. Here, we design a closed-loop network where capacity limits, single-item management and uncertainty on product demands and returns are considered. First, fuzzy mathematical programming is introduced for uncertain modeling. Then, the statistical approach to the possibility to synthesize fuzzy information is utilized. Therefore, using a defined possibilistic mean and variance, we transform the proposed fuzzy mathematical model into a crisp form to facilitate efficient computation and analysis. Finally, the risk caused by violating the estimated resource constraints is analyzed so that decision makers (DMs) can trade off between the expected cost savings and the expected risk. We utilize data from a company located in Iran.     

How the environmental impact affects the design of logistics networks based on cost minimization

The degree of centralization of the logistics network is one of the important strategic decisions to take. This issue has often been studied but mainly from a cost minimization focus. This research studies the influence of incorporating the environmental impact in logistics network design models, comparing the results with those obtained considering cost minimization only. A fuzzy biobjective optimization model is used to carry out a number of experiments. By weighting the relative importance of the two objectives, the differences with respect to the base cost minimization solution can be ascertained. Our results show that in general more material is moved through warehouses when the environmental impact is considered and more decentralized facilities are opened.     

Reducing CO2 emissions in temperature-controlled road transportation using the LDVRP model

Temperature-controlled transport is needed to maintain the quality of products such as fresh and frozen foods and pharmaceuticals. Road transportation is responsible for a considerable part of global emissions. Temperature-controlled transportation exhausts even more emissions than ambient temperature transport because of the extra fuel requirements for cooling and because of leakage of refrigerant. The transportation sector is under pressure to improve both its environmental and economic performance. To explore opportunities to reach this goal, the Load-Dependent Vehicle Routing Problem (LDVRP) model has been developed to optimize routing decisions taking into account fuel consumption and emissions related to the load of the vehicle. However, this model does not take refrigeration related emissions into account. We therefore propose an extension of the LDVRP model to optimize routing decisions and to account for refrigeration emissions in temperature-controlled transportation systems. This extended LDVRP model is applied in a case study in the Dutch frozen food industry. We show that taking the emissions caused by refrigeration in road transportation can result in different optimal routes and speeds compared with the LDVRP model and the standard Vehicle Routing Problem model. Moreover, taking the emissions caused by refrigeration into account improves the estimation of emissions related to temperature-controlled transportation. This model can help to reduce emissions of temperature-controlled road transportation.     

递进式连锁经营管理专业实践教学改革研究——基于加盟创业项目视角

连锁经营管理专业人才培养目标大多定位在一线服务员或基层管理者，所培养的学生必须具备较强的连锁专业能力和创业能力，而大多数高职院校培养出来的学生在这些方面所表现出来的能力却差强人意，尤其是创业能力方面。本文提出将加盟创业项目贯穿于连锁经营管理实践教学全过程，按照“仿真训练-校内孵化-校内模拟-市场全真”四个阶段，形成一个递进式的实践教学流程，从而促使学生的专业能力和创业能力实现递进式提升。     

对农村金融的差异需求与分层供给行为选择的模型分析——基于机制设计理论的视角

文章基于机制设计理论的思想和框架,建立了农村金融市场上差异需求与分层供给行为选择的相关约束机制模型,分析了相关约束机制变量对农村金融供求行为选择的影响,从而提出了通过进一步改进和完善农村金融市场相关机制变量,促进我国农村金融供求者的匹配性行为选择,改善农村金融市场效率,加强金融对“三农”支持力度的政策建议。     

高低压变频岸电装置结构型式分析

为保护港口环境、减少船舶污染物排放,近年变频岸电技术在世界各国得到了快速发展。本文针对多种结构型式变频岸电装置的技术方案和性能特点进行分析比较,IGBT串联多电平高压变频装置输出功率大、连接方便、技术可靠、价格低廉,是目前变频岸电系统建设的最佳解决方案。     

新型发电机组负载测试兼码头供电双向变频电源

随着舰船朝大型化、自动化方向发展,舰船的发电机组数量和容量也急剧增大。为保证船舶的安全运营,船级社规范要求对发电机组进行负载试验和并联运行试验。新型发电机组负载测试兼码头供电双向变频电源不仅可用于船舶的发电机组负载测试试验,同时还可实现电能的回收利用,作为变频电源向系泊试验船舶提供电能,减少对船厂周围环境造成的污染,具有较好的经济效益和社会效益。     

军港磁谐振式无线供电动态调谐技术分析

磁谐振式无线电能传输具有高效率、灵活性和安全性的优势,利用它来实现军港无线供电具有广阔的应用前景.本文首先建立了磁谐振式无线电能传输系统的互感电路模型,分析了系统特性;在此基础上系统分析了磁谐振式无线电能传输动态调谐技术;最后立足于实际应用提出磁谐振式无线电能传输技术的军港应用亟待解决的几个问题.