海洋工程船的电网谐波抑制方案和仿真研究

节能环保是国内外船舶的绿色发展道路.特别体现在海洋工程船的大型施工设备和施工设备的变频电力驱动技术上.简述了海洋工程船舶电网的谐波抑制思路,介绍一种谐波抑制的具体方案——3次谐波注入的高功率因数变流器,探讨了高功率因数无源变流器的设计电路,包括桥前采用3次谐波注入的高功率因数三相无源变流器的电路拓扑结构,并利用MATLAB 7.0/SIMULINK 6.0搭建了其仿真模型.仿真结果表明,使用3次谐波注入的高功率因数变流器既能对输入电流具有一定的谐波抑制效果又能提高功率因数.     

Learning from Ecosystem-Based Management in Practice

We explore how marine ecosystem–based management (EBM) is translated from theory to practice at six sites with varying ecological and institutional contexts. Based on these case studies, we report on the goals, strategies, and outcomes of each project and what we can learn from these efforts to guide future implementation and assessment. In particular, we focus on how projects dealt with the challenges of working across geographic scales and diverse governance arrangements. While we hypothesized that EBM in the United States would be distinct from EBM in developing countries due to differences in social and political factors, we found that sites faced similar challenges. Variation among sites appeared to be more closely related to the preexisting management context and the scale at which the projects began rather than to clear differences between the United States and developing country contexts. EBM project implementers were able to overcome many of these challenges by focusing on a limited number of specific objectives, starting at a small scale, pursuing adaptive management, and monitoring a diverse set of indicators. These findings are directly relevant to current and future EBM efforts in these and other places.     

规则波中船舶波浪增阻理论和经验法预报分析与比较

针对规则波中迎浪下有航速集装箱船船型阻力增加预报,采用一种改进的三维移动脉动源面元法求解船舶运动,进而通过理论方法求解辐射和绕射增阻.速度势求解引入了格林函数空间线段积分和面元积分方法,辐射增阻采用三维辐射能量法计算,绕射增阻通过二阶波浪力中绕射速度势获得.通过与试验数据对比证明了该理论预报模型在精度和效率方面有明显优势.在此预报结果基础上对经验预报模型提出了改进公式,计算结果表明了改进模型对工程设计具有较好的适用性.     

红水河连续翻坝滚装运输需求和要素研究

文章以贵州黔西南州煤炭为对象,进行红水河连续翻坝滚装运输需求和要素研究,阐明了红水河滚装运输的客观需求,论证了红水河开展滚装运输应考虑的各种要素,指明该滚装运输方式具有良好的开发前景和经济意义。     

连续梁桥上无缝线路伸缩附加力的研究

通过对梁轨相互作用原理及伸缩附加力分布规律的研究,考虑连续梁中部存在一段梁轨位移相等点的情况,建立新的伸缩附加力计算模型,并用Levenberg-Marquardt算法进行求解、分析。从桥上无缝线路的理论、客观事物规律及工程应用的角度,解释、分析出现附加力平台的现象。     

单线双向运行在地铁行车组织中的应用

论述地铁单线双向运行方式的特点和应用范围,对这种运行方式进行优劣比较,分析其使用注意事项;以南京地铁的一起故障处理事件为例,阐述单线双向运行方式在地铁行车组织中的应用。     

汽车转向梯形故障检测机理研究

通过对汽车转向梯形机构进行合理简化,建立了相应的数学模型,推导出了汽车前轮转向前张角与转向梯形底角之间的变化规律:当汽车外侧车轮转到某一定值时,内侧车轮转角受同侧梯形底角的影响,并且内轮转角变化与同侧梯形底角变化成反比。经试验验证了此结论的正确性,由此使得利用现有的检测设备即可实现对汽车转向梯形工作状态的在线检测。     

道路交通事故致因分析与安全防范对策

道路交通事故的发生是多种因素综合作用的结果。道路交通事故的致因和安全防范对策可以采用树图的方式进行分析描述。     

高速公路路面径流及路侧水质污染研究

文章针对目前岩溶地区高速公路运营期路面径流及路侧水质的污染情况,以衡枣高速公路为实例进行研究,表明SS是公路路面径流的主要污染物,公路两侧水质污染离子浓度随着与公路距离的增加而呈降低趋势,并提出了相应的防治措施。     

Data-driven perspectives for energy efficient operations in railway systems: Current practices and future opportunities

Railway systems must increase their performance and economic competitiveness to remain an effective and efficient transport mode. Energy efficiency goals are one of the main drivers for the future evolution of planning and operations of transport systems. An opportunity to improve energy efficiency together with reliability and feasibility of railway systems come from the huge amount of data being currently collected and available in the future. The hidden potential in large sets of data for improving energy efficiency can be fully exploited through novel, data-driven approaches. This paper discusses the relation of those future approaches with the current state of the art and challenges, highlighting natural advantages and possible weak points. We identify dimensions within the current literature describing the suitability of current approaches to embrace the data revolution, and the possible enhancements resulting from that. We refer to practical test cases based on real on-board monitoring of electric trains in Switzerland to identify current and future challenges in improving energy efficiency of train operations. We conclude with a discussion and a roadmap on the introduction of data-driven approaches for improving energy efficiency of railway systems.