基于历史数据的城市轨道交通列车运行扰动影响分析

列车运行过程受到诸多扰动因素的影响,严重时引起列车运行延误,影响乘客出行.为了判别列车运行扰动、评估影响范围和程度,提出了基于城市轨道交通历史数据的分析方法.根据突发事件类扰动及其相关的列车运行、自动售检票等多源数据,分析扰动的产生和影响规律,包括扰动分类、原因和发生规律,以及扰动持续时间、空间范围和客流相对率.典型城...     

Real time queue length estimation for signalized intersections using travel times from mobile sensors

We study how to estimate real time queue lengths at signalized intersections using intersection travel times collected from mobile traffic sensors. The estimation is based on the observation that critical pattern changes of intersection travel times or delays, such as the discontinuities (i.e., sudden and dramatic increases in travel times) and non-smoothness (i.e., changes of slopes of travel times), indicate signal timing or queue length changes. By detecting these critical points in intersection travel times or delays, the real time queue length can be re-constructed. We first introduce the concept of Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time which is related to the non-smoothness of queuing delay patterns and queue length changes. We then show how measured intersection travel times from mobile sensors can be processed to generate sample vehicle queuing delays. Under the uniform arrival assumption, the queuing delays reduce linearly within a cycle. The delay pattern can be estimated by a linear fitting method using sample queuing delays. Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time can then be obtained from the delay pattern, and be used to estimate the maximum and minimum queue lengths of a cycle, based on which the real-time queue length curve can also be constructed. The model and algorithm are tested in a field experiment and in simulation.     

城市公交站点自行车对公交车的干扰行为研究

以北京市两个不同类型的典型公交站点为例,研究了公交站点处自行车对公交车的干扰行为,并建立了不同因素影响下自行车对公交车的干扰行为模型,进而对其进行验证.最后,提出了几点减少公交站点处自行车对公交车干扰的建议.     

路段行人过街设施问题实证研究

城市道路混合交通中,路段上的行人过街受到机动车行驶的干扰显著,同时行人过街也会影响机动车的正常行驶,造成了路段的拥堵.本文首先归纳了行人过街设施在人行横道、过街天桥与地下通道、人行便道以及路段行人过街信号设施等方面存在的常见问题;提出通过合理设置人行横道与行人过街灯、行人便道、过街天桥与过街地道、非机动车道、标识标线来完善行人过街设施的措施;最后以公交长椿街路口东站以东为案例展开行人二次过街信号优化设置的实际研究.研究结果表明,通过路段和临近交叉口信号联动,晚高峰行人的有效过街时间增加了25%,午平峰长椿街交叉口东进口的被利用绿灯时间增加了20%.     

铁路客运站旅客最高聚集人数计算模型

考虑了旅客出行习惯和列车晚点,建立了铁路客运站旅客最高聚集人数计算模型.在模型中,在出行时,乘坐6:00～9:00出发列车的旅客一般在列车出发前5～60 min到达客运站,乘坐21:00以后出发列车的旅客一般在19:00～21:00达到客运站;在晚点调整时等级越高的列车具有越高的优先权,晚点时间与运行时间成正比.计算结...     

航班延误成本测算方法研究

针对目前对航班延误成本没有一个很明确的测算方法,通过研究国内航空公司的管理运行模式,作者重新划分了航空公司的延误成本结构,并据此提出了一种新的测算航班延误成本分析模型.按照该模型对B737-800与A320-200这两种国内航空公司的主流机型的延误成本进行了比较与计算,其结果可以为相关的管理决策提供有利的参考.该模型可...     

并联有源电力滤波器补偿性能的研究

研究了影响桥式整流带阻感型负载的并联型有源电力滤波器补偿性能的因素,从理论上分析指令延时和母线电压以及输出电感对补偿效果影响的具体原因,并通过Matlab软件建立仿真模型,借助仿真波形和THD数据证明了理论分析的正确性,最后根据实际工程需要合理优化了各个参数,并在一台50 KVA三相四线的并联电力有源滤波器样机上验证了该方法的实用性和有效性.     

舰船电力系统自适应保护技术研究

随着舰船电力系统的不断发展,系统配置、网络结构和运行模式等方面较传统舰船电力系统都发生了较大的改变,以离线整定为特征的三段式电流保护方法已不能满足要求.在全面分析传统继电保护特性的基础上,提出舰船电力系统自适应保护策略,利用网络结构和系统状态自动在线调节保护整定值,可以有效地提高保护的灵敏性和选择性.     

船用柴油机相继增压气动蝶阀切换时间研究

建立柴油机相继增压蝶阀气动控制系统的物理模型,并应用气压传动系统动力学理论建立蝶阀控制系统数学模型;然后利用MATLAB/Simulink编制的仿真程序对蝶阀转换过程进行仿真计算,结果得出了影响蝶阀切换时间的主要因素及影响规律;最后搭建了蝶阀气动控制系统的试验台,通过试验结果和仿真结果的对比,验证了仿真结果的可靠性;为深入了解蝶阀控制系统的特性提供了理论依据.     

Train rescheduling model with train delay and passenger impatience time in urban subway network

This paper considers the train rescheduling problem with train delay in urban subway network. With the objective of minimizing the negative effect of train delay to passengers, which is quantified with a weighted combination of travel time cost and the cost of giving up the planned trips, train rescheduling model is proposed to jointly synchronize both train delay operation constraints and passenger behavior choices. Space–time network is proposed to describe passenger schedule‐based path choices and obtain the shortest travel times. Impatience time is defined to describe the intolerance of passengers to train delay. By comparing the increased travel time due to train delay with the passenger impatience time, a binary variable is defined to represent whether the passenger will give up their planned trips or not. The proposed train rescheduling model is implemented using genetic algorithm, and the model effectiveness is further examined through numerical experiments of real‐world urban subway train timetabling test. Duration effects of the train delay to the optimization results are analyzed. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.