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101.
文中介绍一种以磁应力为原理的检测技术,即磁力断层摄影检测技术.该技术是一种非接触式的被动检测技术,可以检测出长输管道管体各类型缺陷.首先简单阐述了检测原理,其次详细说明了执行一次检测的全流程工作步骤,以及各步骤的工作内容,然后简要介绍了其独特的经验性计算MAOP和剩余寿命的公式,接着以实际试点检测工作为例,说明了该技术的可行性,最后指明了该技术的优缺点. 相似文献
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Conflict detection (CD) is one of the key functions used to ensure air transport safety and efficiency. In trajectory-based operation (TBO), aircraft are provided with more flexibility in en route trajectory planning and more responsibility for self-separation. The high flexibility in trajectory planning enables random changes in pilot intent, thus increasing the uncertainty in trajectory prediction and CD. This study proposes a novel probabilistic CD approach for TBO in which the uncertainty of pilot intent is taken into account by quantifying the aircraft reachable domain constrained by the flight plan. First, a probabilistic model for aircraft trajectory prediction is developed using the truncated Brownian bridge method. Based on this model, a novel conflict probability estimation method is developed. Finally, the performance of the proposed probabilistic CD approach is demonstrated through an illustrative air traffic scenario. 相似文献
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Due to the difficulty of obtaining accurate real-time visibility and vehicle based traffic data at the same time, there are only few research studies that addressed the impact of reduced visibility on traffic crash risk. This research was conducted based on a new visibility detection system by mounting visibility sensor arrays combined with adaptive learning modules to provide more accurate visibility detections. The vehicle-based detector, Wavetronix SmartSensor HD, was installed at the same place to collect traffic data. Reduced visibility due to fog were selected and analyzed by comparing them with clear cases to identify the differences based on several surrogate measures of safety under different visibility classes. Moreover, vehicles were divided into different types and the vehicles in different lanes were compared in order to identify whether the impact of reduced visibility due to fog on traffic crash risk varies depending on vehicle types and lanes. Log-Inverse Gaussian regression modeling was then applied to explore the relationship between time to collision and visibility together with other traffic parameters. Based on the accurate visibility and traffic data collected by the new visibility and traffic detection system, it was concluded that reduced visibility would significantly increase the traffic crash risk especially rear-end crashes and the impact on crash risk was different for different vehicle types and for different lanes. The results would be helpful to understand the change in traffic crash risk and crash contributing factors under fog conditions. We suggest implementing the algorithms in real-time and augmenting it with ITS measures such as VSL and DMS to reduce crash risk. 相似文献
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在执行《内河通航标准》5. 3. 1条关于水下过河建筑物选址规定的过程中,发现由于未考虑隧道竖向埋置深度,水下隧道必须布设在远离锚地的规定不尽科学合理。在对船舶抛锚贯入深度及部分隧道埋置深度调查、统计、分析的基础上,认为若隧道顶部覆盖层厚度大于船舶抛锚贯入量,并有充分富余,锚地设置与运行对隧道结构安全基本不构成影响。因此适时对相关通航标准中水下隧道选址必须远离锚地的规定进行修订是十分必要的。 相似文献
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为建立复杂外形潜水器精确的动力学模型,并基于模型设计控制算法,本文以DOE HD2+2无人遥控潜水器(ROV)为对象,应用计算流体力学(CFD)粘流方法与面元法预测水动力系数.为提高计算速度,在保证计算精度的前提下,采用多面体网格,进行网格优化,减少了流体域的网格总数.由于ROV几何外形不对称,基于最小二乘法分段拟合了阻尼力/力矩与速度的曲线,建立了耦合的阻尼矩阵和附加质量矩阵.最后,基于CFD计算的水动力系数建立了Matlab Simulink动力学仿真模型,并通过水池操控实验对所建动力学模型进行了有效性验证. 相似文献
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水声语音通信在海洋工程、海洋科考、水下搜救等领域具有广泛应用。与单边带通信、数字编码调制通信相比,调频水声语音通信具有实现简单方便、抗幅度衰落性能好的特点,但浅海水声信道具有的复杂多径效应及噪声严重影响其获得的语音音质,容易出现语音含混、语义难辨等问题。本文通过浅海不同距离、不同多径信道下的海试实验比较了采用非线性解调法和正交解调法的调频语音通信性能,并通过客观语音质量评估PESQ(Perceptual evaluation of speech quality)方法对调频水声语音通信音质进行量化评估。 相似文献