Simultaneous observation of the wheels’ torques and the vehicle dynamic state

The goal of the present study is to show how it is possible to estimate online the individual torques applied at each wheel of an automotive vehicle by using an unknown input observer together with a simple nonlinear state-space model. The necessary measurements are the steering angle, the usual rotation speed of each wheel plus the vertical load at the centre of each wheel. By doing this, this study anticipates the affordability of a new generation of wheel bearing with embedded measurements of transmitted forces. Successful simulated experimentations using a realistic simulator are shown. Validations are done using classical case studies of longitudinal, lateral and coupled dynamics. The present limits and some possible improvements of the proposed method are also discussed.     

Generalised multi-axle vehicle handling

The familiar two-axle bicycle model and associated basic concepts of vehicle handling are reviewed and used to introduce minor changes in convention from the literature. The two-axle model is extended to a three-axle vehicle to illustrate the effectiveness of the notation combined with a simplifying mathematical identity found in the two-axle vehicle literature. A generalised model is then developed that produces dynamic equations of motion by inspection for a vehicle with an arbitrary number of steerable and non-steerable axles. Furthermore, the vehicle dynamic concepts of understeer and wheelbase are generalised and can be directly computed for various arbitrary vehicle configurations.     

Impact of inerter nonlinearities on vehicle suspension control

This paper discusses the nonlinear properties of inerters and their impact on vehicle suspension control. The inerter was recently introduced as an ideal mechanical two-terminal element, which is a substitute for the mass element, where the applied force is proportional to the relative acceleration across the terminals. Until now, ideal inerters have been applied to vehicle, motorcycle and train suspension systems, in which significant performance improvement was achieved. However, due to the mechanical construction, some nonlinear properties of the existing mechanical models of inerters are noted. This paper investigates the inerter nonlinearities, including friction, backlash and the elastic effect, and their influence on vehicle suspension performance. A testing platform is also built to verify the nonlinear properties of the inerter model.     

A nonlinear virtual rider for motorcycles

This work presents a virtual rider for the guidance of a nonlinear motorcycle model. The target motion is defined in terms of roll angle and speed. The virtual rider inputs are the steering torque, the rear-wheel driving/braking torque and front-wheel braking torque. The virtual rider capability is assessed by guiding the nonlinear motorcycle model in demanding manoeuvres with roll angles of 50° and longitudinal accelerations up to 0.8 g. Considerations on the effective preview distance used by the virtual rider are included.     

直线电机地铁车辆转向架

介绍了直线电机地铁车辆转向架的功能和组成、径向转向架的采用、直线感应电机悬挂技术、直线感应电机气隙调节装置,最后提出了目前直线电机地铁车辆转向架设计建议。     

广州地铁三号线车辆空压机油乳化原因分析及对策

广州地铁三号线车辆由于列车的编组形式、系统性能等多方面的原因,空压机润滑油乳化现象极其严重。文章通过对空压机油乳化的原因分析,找出了一种有效的解决措施,并对如何避免乳化现象提出了建议。     

基于自适应粒子群算法的隧道窑温度模糊控制策略

针对隧道窑燃烧过程中的大惯性、纯滞后、多变量、时变参数以及工作机理复杂等特征,利用清晰集构造模糊集法确定模糊控制器输入量和输出量的隶属函数,并基于自适应粒子群算法给出了隧道窑新的温度模糊控制策略。运用模糊控制系统对隧道窑温度进行仿真研究和实时控制,结果表明,该模糊控制器能够克服许多干扰因素,具有良好的控制效果。     

上海轨道交通一号线102号列车C1车体顶盖结构设计

介绍上海轨道交通一号线102号列车C1车体顶盖结构的设计原理、顶盖各结构件的组成,并阐述大断面铝型材在车体顶盖中的应用,以及标准化、模块化的先进设计理念在顶盖设计中的应用。     

盐渍土机场地基处理研究

概述盐渍土的工程危害，得出道面下水盐运动所导致的盐分、水分迁移是造成盐渍土地区机场的迅速破坏的原因，并对盐渍土地区机场与公路差异进行了比较，在总结目前常用的处理方法的基础上，结合机场特殊性探讨了适合机场的处理办法。     

某软弱路基冲压与强夯处理对比试验研究

在某大型公路工程的软弱地基处理中，分别进行了冲击压实处理和强夯处理的试验。在2种施工方法的工后检测中，分别对于密度、压缩模量、面层强度等指标进行了对比研究，并对2种方法的工效进行了比较。研究表明：对于这种地下水位埋藏浅、压缩模量和标准贯人击数较低的软弱地基，冲压处理的效果和工艺效益均要优于强夯处理。