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951.
A GIS‐based method to identify cost‐effective routes for rural deviated fixed route transit 下载免费PDF全文
Hongtai Yang Christopher R. Cherry Russell Zaretzki Megan S. Ryerson Xiaobo Liu Zhijian Fu 《先进运输杂志》2016,50(8):1770-1784
Deviated fixed route transit (DFRT) service connecting rural and urban areas is a growing transportation mode in the USA. Little research has been done to develop frameworks for route design. A methodology to explore the most cost‐effective DFRT route is presented in this paper. The inputs include potential DFRT demand distribution and a road network. A heuristic is used to build possible routes by starting at urban cores and extending in all network directions in certain length increments. All the DFRT routes falling in the length range desired by the users are selected. The cost effectiveness of those routes, defined by operating cost per passenger trip, is compared. The most cost‐effective route is selected and presented in a GIS map. A case study illustrates the methodology in several Tennessee metropolitan regions. The most cost‐effective route length is case specific; some routes (e.g. those out of our Nashville case) are most cost effective when short, while others (e.g. those out of Memphis) are most cost effective when long. Government agencies could use the method to identify routes with the lowest operating cost per passenger given a route length or an operating cost budget. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
952.
Mohammed Aljoufie Mark Brussel Mark Zuidgeest Hedwig van Delden Martin van Maarseveen 《运输规划与技术》2016,39(4):329-357
Analysing the impact of urban policy interventions on urban growth, land use and transport (LUT) is crucial for urban planners, transport planners and policy-makers, especially in rapidly growing cities. This paper presents a cellular automata-based land-use/transport interaction model – Metronamica-LUTI – for Jeddah that is used to analyse the impact of different proposed policy interventions under two urban growth scenarios for the period 2011–2031. Used as an integrated policy impact assessment tool, the model demonstrates a strong reciprocal relationship between LUT in Jeddah. This study shows that relevant spatial information and integrated policy impact assessment can provide rich insights into the interaction between LUT, the appropriate policy to consider in place and time which traditional planning practice and typical static urban models cannot do. 相似文献
953.
There are factors that impact car usage in urban areas, such as density, diversity and design, but there have been few studies that examine the relationship between street network factors and car usage at the city level (macro level). This paper focuses on this relationship by introducing urban street network variables, such as blocks per area, nodes per block and length of roads and motorways, as independent variables and the percentage of daily trips by private motorized modes as the dependent variable. The street network in this study includes interconnecting lines and points that present streets, roads, motorways, intersections and blocks. The strength of the relationship in this study is found using multiple linear regression. The findings of this research indicate that an increase in car usage is correlated with an increasing number of blocks per area, number of nodes per block and length of motorways. In addition, because the urban street network is the result of macro-scale planning decisions, considering this relationship can lead to better planning decisions. 相似文献
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Agustina Calatayud Roberto Palacin John Mangan Elizabeth Jackson Aurora Ruiz-Rua 《运输评论》2016,36(6):713-736
Improving freight connectivity is increasingly a topic at the centre of the international trade and transport policy agendas. An examination of available documents and studies in both the policy-making and the academic fields shows that the concept of freight connectivity has often been defined in different ways, and thus has taken a variety of meanings. This poses the question on what connectivity is and what are its determinants in the context of international trade. We are not aware of any studies that have analysed, in a systematic way, the different perspectives and determinants of freight connectivity so as to increase access to international markets. This paper seeks to fill this gap by performing a systematic literature review that spans disciplines such as Transport Engineering, Transport and International Economics, and Supply Chain Management. The outcome of this examination is a multidisciplinary framework that hopefully will help stakeholders to understand freight connectivity to international markets better, as well as guide future research and analysis in policy-making. 相似文献
956.
Variable message signs that provide various types of route guidance information have been widely deployed in large cities. To release proper information only using easily collected data, a simple traffic-condition-based (TCB) route guidance strategy was recently proposed. The strategy works based on the estimation of free-flow and congested traffic conditions and is capable of approximating user optimal equilibrium stably. Due to little consideration of the complexity of urban road networks, the TCB strategy is still away from field applications in urban areas. To further push the strategy toward field tests, this article improves the TCB strategy in the following aspects: supplementing the strategy with a self-regulation ability by considering existing traffic conditions; decomposing link capacity to solve the problem of overlapping routes by comparing link capacity on alternative routes; coping with stochastic traffic; and the impact of signalized intersections by utilizing aggregated data. A scenario for an urban road network in Beijing, China, is simulated to test the improved strategy, and the simulation results clearly indicate the effectiveness of the proposed improvements. The improvements extend the TCB strategy on moderately complicated urban road networks, and still have the advantages of simple diversion rules, easily obtained input data, and stable and effective diversion processes. 相似文献
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针对城市客运交通枢纽换乘量分布预测的问题,引入"四阶段法"中的出行分布预测原理,将枢纽处各种交通方式的客流影响范围近似看作出行分布预测中的交通小区,各交通方式之间的换乘量相应地看作交通小区之间的交通分布量。将重力先验概率式的最大熵模型应用于枢纽换乘量分布预测之中,构建换乘量分布预测的最大熵模型,并以枢纽内部各种交通方式的现状OD换乘量分布为基础,进行模型参数的标定和最大熵模型的求解,隐含考虑随机因素的影响,从宏观上描述换乘者的交通行为。该方法应用于北京市东直门客运交通枢纽的换乘量分布预测之中,效果良好,为进一步进行枢纽的功能布局及换乘组织等研究工作提供依据。 相似文献
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通过阐述城市交通规划模型的起因、定位和内容,分析现状模型所存在的缺陷,提出交通规划模型与地理信息系统相结合的四大优点,可使交通规划模型与地理信息系统相结合的可行性得以论证,从而为交通规划模型的发展指明方向。 相似文献