我国城市轨道交通安全预评价发展现状

我国城市轨道交通发展迅速,安全形势不容乐观。阐述城市轨道交通安全预评价的重要作用,从发展历程、相关法规标准、组织架构、评价资质、收费标准等方面,介绍城市轨道交通安全预评价的发展现状,就当前城市轨道交通安全预评价技术上的不足展开论述。     

南京地铁探索市场运营新机制

以南京地铁1号线为背景,探索符合市场规律的运营模式.在管理模式方面,突出经济节约的特色,包括机构精简高效、对运营分公司充分授权、强化预算和绩效考核;在服务形式方面,突出以人为本的理念,包括提升服务指标、营造文化氛围、完善服务设施、创造服务品牌、构建和谐地铁、加强监督检查;在运作机制方面,突出高效安全的原则,包括改善设备的维护方法、深化运营安全保障机制、完善应急预案、与公安部门实施联动机制.     

城轨交通声环境影响及其环保措施

城市轨道交通噪声对沿线的声环境影响与轨道交通列车噪声源强直接相关,且与轨道交通线路的运营状况有关。通过国内主要城市的轨道交通列车噪声源强及运营现状的分析对比,对国内轨道交通声环境影响的总体情况进行评价,提出声环境保护措施的应用原则,从而对声屏障降噪措施的实施具有指导意义。     

城乡公交一体化模式选择分析

通过对城乡公交一体化现有的运作模式进行分类,分析各种模式的优缺点,运用层次分析法构建模式选择的指标体系,得到相应的选择模型,可为城乡公交一体化的规划与实施提供依据和方法.     

城市客运车辆舒适性参数的研究

本文从人机工程学观点和车辆的环境因素出发,研究了车内的温度、通风、照明、色彩、噪声、振动、超重等问题对人体的影响,为客运车辆设计时选择舒适性参数提供了依据.     

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探讨了开发城市轨道交通多列车运行模拟系统的关键问题.研制了可用于多 列车运行模拟、牵引计算、方案评价的模拟系统,该系统采用面向对象的方法和模块化的设计,具有良好的可扩展性.重点介绍了模拟系统的总体结构设计和多列车追踪运行的计算模型.此外,本文以实际线路为背景,对多列车的运行过程进行了模拟,模拟结果表明,系统可用于分析列车安全运行间隔、研究多列车运行时相互间的影响、研究不同的信号显示制式对列车运行的影响等.     

浅析西安市交通可持续发展中的问题与对策

目前，道路交通负荷过大，大气和噪声污染等是西安市变通存在的主要问题。故在进行城市交通建设时．必须以可持续发展的思想为总的指导原则，使经济与环境并重，最终达到城市总体协调发展的目的。     

A GIS‐based method to identify cost‐effective routes for rural deviated fixed route transit

Deviated fixed route transit (DFRT) service connecting rural and urban areas is a growing transportation mode in the USA. Little research has been done to develop frameworks for route design. A methodology to explore the most cost‐effective DFRT route is presented in this paper. The inputs include potential DFRT demand distribution and a road network. A heuristic is used to build possible routes by starting at urban cores and extending in all network directions in certain length increments. All the DFRT routes falling in the length range desired by the users are selected. The cost effectiveness of those routes, defined by operating cost per passenger trip, is compared. The most cost‐effective route is selected and presented in a GIS map. A case study illustrates the methodology in several Tennessee metropolitan regions. The most cost‐effective route length is case specific; some routes (e.g. those out of our Nashville case) are most cost effective when short, while others (e.g. those out of Memphis) are most cost effective when long. Government agencies could use the method to identify routes with the lowest operating cost per passenger given a route length or an operating cost budget. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Integrated analysis of land-use and transport policy interventions

Analysing the impact of urban policy interventions on urban growth, land use and transport (LUT) is crucial for urban planners, transport planners and policy-makers, especially in rapidly growing cities. This paper presents a cellular automata-based land-use/transport interaction model – Metronamica-LUTI – for Jeddah that is used to analyse the impact of different proposed policy interventions under two urban growth scenarios for the period 2011–2031. Used as an integrated policy impact assessment tool, the model demonstrates a strong reciprocal relationship between LUT in Jeddah. This study shows that relevant spatial information and integrated policy impact assessment can provide rich insights into the interaction between LUT, the appropriate policy to consider in place and time which traditional planning practice and typical static urban models cannot do.     

The relationship between urban street networks and private motorized trips at the city level

There are factors that impact car usage in urban areas, such as density, diversity and design, but there have been few studies that examine the relationship between street network factors and car usage at the city level (macro level). This paper focuses on this relationship by introducing urban street network variables, such as blocks per area, nodes per block and length of roads and motorways, as independent variables and the percentage of daily trips by private motorized modes as the dependent variable. The street network in this study includes interconnecting lines and points that present streets, roads, motorways, intersections and blocks. The strength of the relationship in this study is found using multiple linear regression. The findings of this research indicate that an increase in car usage is correlated with an increasing number of blocks per area, number of nodes per block and length of motorways. In addition, because the urban street network is the result of macro-scale planning decisions, considering this relationship can lead to better planning decisions.