Estimation of rail passenger flow and system utilization with ticket transaction and gate data

Capturing the dynamics in passenger flow and system utilization over time and space is extremely important for railway operators. Previous studies usually estimated passenger flow using automatic fare collection data, and their applications are limited to a single stopping pattern and/or a single type of ticket. However, the conventional railway in Taiwan provides four types of ticket and five types of train service with a number of stopping patterns. This study develops a comprehensive framework and corresponding algorithms to map passenger flow and evaluate system utilization. A multinomial logit model is constructed and incorporated in the algorithms to estimate passenger train selection behavior. Results from the empirical studies demonstrate that the developed framework and algorithms can successfully match passengers with train services. With this tool, operators can efficiently examine passenger flow and service utilization, thereby quickly adjusting their service strategies accordingly to improve system performance.     

Influence of Light Distribution and Installation Style of Luminaires on Power Consumption and Lighting Effect of Tunnel Lighting北大核心CSCD

Light distribution (LD) and installation style of luminaires affect the utilization factor (UF) of luminaires, and the UF affects the luminaire power and road pavement illuminance and further the power consumption of illu- minating system and the luminous effect of road pavement. An UF model of tunnel lighting was established based on the luminaire LD data and installation parameters, in which four LD styles were adopted. For each LD the parame- ters optimization and simulation were conducted regarding four installation styles, e.g. central style, offset-of-vault style, symmetric style and staggered style. The energy-saving and the lighting effects of each LD and luminaire in- stallation style at the tunnel middle zone were studied. The results show that symmetric luminaire installation is the most energy-saving style and has the best lighting effect than the other three luminaire installation styles; the lighting effect of central luminaire installation is the second best; staggered luminaire installation is the most energy-intensive style and has the worst lighting effect except for some special-shaped LD; waterdrop-shaped LD is the most suitable one along transverse direction of tunnel and applicable to the central, offset-of-vault and symmetric luminaire instal- lation styles; symmetric butterfly-shaped LD is the most suitable one along longitudinal direction of tunnel and appli- cable to the central, offset-of-vault, staggered and symmetric luminaire installation styles; with waterdrop-shaped LD along transverse direction and symmetric butterfly-shaped LD along longitudinal direction, they are suitable for the above four luminaire installation styles, and have better energy-saving and lighting effect; as for the LD with symmetric and oblique curve, it’s better for the profile of oblique luminaire distribution to be comply with that along tunnel transverse direction, and it is suitable for the symmetric and offset-of-vault luminaire installation styles. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

长江口12.5 m深水航道运行初期的疏浚效益评价

构建疏浚货运比、疏浚单方经济效益2个相对指标,同时结合疏浚土的综合利用,评价长江口12.5 m深水航道运行初期的疏浚效益。结果表明:2011—2015年长江口深水航道疏浚货运比趋于下降,已由运行首年的1 083 m~3/万t降至2015年的765 m~3/万t,降幅近30%。近5年来,深水航道疏浚单方经济效益增加明显,2015年已达到142元/m~3,远高于目前国内疏浚费用单价。同时,用于滩涂围垦的航道疏浚土数量相当可观,有利于控制疏浚和造地成本,实现提高长江口疏浚土利用率和增加上海市土地资源战略储备量的双赢局面。当前长江口12.5 m深水航道已进入全面发挥效益的稳定运行阶段。     

液压振动锤与冲击锤组合施工工艺在AZ型钢板桩打设中的应用

针对AZ型钢板桩打设困难问题,以某人工岛钢板桩直立护岸工程为例,进行主要设备选型、桩头受力分析和桩帽替打结构设计,采用液压振动锤与冲击锤组合打设的施工工艺,解决了液压振动锤打设超过20 m后贯入力不足和液压冲击锤打设易破坏桩头的难题,取得了良好的施工效果,具有一定的推广意义。     

长江口航道疏浚土综合利用及新横沙生态成陆探索

针对长江口新水沙环境和滩涂演变的现状,以及长江口深水航道疏浚土综合利用面临的困境,以生态优先、共抓长江大保护的理念为指导,论述了后续疏浚土综合利用的紧迫性和可行性。从生态环境塑造、滩涂资源保护、长江口河势控制等方面着手,探讨了开展长江口大保护的有关路径和方法。提出了以横沙大道延伸及促淤护滩工程为依托,实现2020年后综合利用长江口深水航道疏浚土在新横沙生态成陆的具体方案。     

船舶能量流通分析及综合利用技术研究

针对船舶航行时能量浪费等问题,以柴油动力船舶为研究对象,分析船舶的能量流通情况,得出全船能量流通的初步特性,并以此为基础对船舶的能量综合利用技术开展初步研究.首先,考虑到柴油动力船舶动力由正常航行时柴油动力、应急航行时蓄电池动力两大部分组成,从源头出发,分析正常、应急航行时全船能量流通的主要环节,清理、总结能量“浪费”现象.同时,以全船用电负荷清理入手,明确长期负荷、典型负荷,对典型负荷的能量流通和利用情况开展分析;最后,提出全船能量流通存在的主要问题,并从解决问题出发提出能量综合利用的初步想法或技术方案.     

沥青路面再生过程中混合料路用特性的恢复分析

沥青路面材料的再生利用是道路交通领域固废利用及节能环保的重点项目。随着我国道路通车里程的快速增加和道路等级的不断提高,路面材料再生的质量要求也更为严格。如何达到相应的技术要求是衡量再生沥青混合料(RAP)性能质量的基本条件。在材料再生过程中,根据旧料中沥青的老化程度及矿料级配的变化等提出新料掺配的量化数据,以及专用机械设备的选取和配套作业工艺,是保证RAP用于道路铺筑质量的前提条件。     

赣江尾闾主支河道整治效果分析

赣江尾闾主支河道枯期水位屡创新低,对水资源利用、通航、水景观水环境等都将产生不利影响,并且未来赣江尾闾河段的枯季水位仍然存在逐渐降低的趋势。通过分析主支河道近年来的水沙特性,建立平面二维水流泥沙数学模型,选取了1992、2002、2004年的水沙资料对该河段进行数值模拟研究。对比分析整治工程实施前后该河段的河床冲淤、洪枯水位、航道水深变化以及边滩利用情况,证明主支河道整治工程能有效调控河道枯季水位、保障航道通航水深、改善水景观、提高洲滩利用率,从而促进当地的水运经济发展。     

旧沥青混合料热再生利用质量控制

该文从沥青混合料路面铣刨回收管理、工厂热再生沥青混合料设备配制及工厂热再生工艺等环节,探讨了再生沥青混合料质量控制关键点,并提出沥青混合料再生利用进一步推广的建议。     

满意优化在建立网络设计期模型中的应用

将多目标满意优化模型用于解决网络设计期优化问题.对同时优化链路容量与路由选择问题的CFA模型提出相应的满意优化模型.并分别为建造总费用与全网利用率这两个指标选择适合它们的满意度函数,最后得出设计优化问题的综合满意度函数.该方法在实际运用中显得更加灵活,也更有效率.