A macroscopic taxi model for passenger demand,taxi utilization and level of services

In most urban areas taxi services are subject to various types of regulation such as entry restriction and price control. However, effective intervention depends on generating and using suitable information on the demand-supply equilibrium of the taxi market. This paper develops a simultaneous equation system of passenger demand, taxi utilization and level of services based on a taxi service situation found in the urban area of Hong Kong over the last ten years. A set of variables is introduced including number of licensed taxis, taxi fare, disposable income, occupied taxi journey time as exogenous variables and daily taxi passenger demand, passenger waiting time, taxi availability, taxi utilization and average taxi waiting time as endogenous variables. These variables are coupled together through a system of nonlinear simultaneous equations whose parameters are estimated from survey data. The simultaneous equation system can be used to obtain useful regulatory information to assist with the decisions concerning the restriction over the number of taxi licenses and the fixing of the taxi fare structure as well as a range of service quality control. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

我国出租车行业的民营化改革

从揭示出租车行业的性质入手,系统分析了我国作为主体的出租车运营业,即北京模式的现状,并以民营化理论为基础,具体阐述了我国出租车行业民营化的路径。同时基于出租车行业作为城市公共交通一部分的公益属性,论证了政府再管制的合法性和措施。     

城市出租车排放特性的试验研究

通过试验方法对城市出租车在稳态ASM测试工况、IG195瞬态测试工况、双怠速以及怠速测试工况4种工况下的排放特性进行了研究,比较不同的测试方法对排放测试结果的影响,分析车龄与排放的关系及发动机供油方式与排放的关系,研究排放因子与车龄的关系。     

技术计划空车调整的数学模型

将经济数学和运筹学中的数学方法应用于铁路运输生产技术计划的编制当中,抽象出空车调整的数学模型,并对该模型的理论和实现作了详细的介绍.目前,该方法已经全面应用于铁道部和原14个铁路局的技术计划编制工作当中并收到良好的效果.     

Fixed‐route taxi system: route network design and fleet size minimization problems

This paper introduces the taxi route network design problem (TXRNDP) for a fixed‐route taxi service operating in Iran and, in similar form, in various other developing countries. The service operates fairly similar to regular transit services in that vehicles are only permitted to follow a certain predetermined route on the network. The service is provided with small size vehicles and main features are that vehicles only depart if full and that there are no intermediate boarding stops. In Iran the service attracts a high modal share but requires better coordination which is the main motivation for the present study. We develop a mathematical programming model to minimize the total travel time experienced by passengers while constraining the number of taxi lines, the trip transfer ratio and the length of taxi lines. A number of assumptions are introduced in order to allow finding an exact rather than heuristic solution. We further develop a linear programming solution to minimize the number of taxis required to serve the previously found fixed‐route taxi network. Results of a case study with the city of Zanjan, Iran, illustrate the resulting taxi flows and suggest the capability of the proposed model to reduce the total travel time, the total waiting time and the number of taxi lines compared to the current taxi operation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

呼和浩特市客运出租汽车发展预测研究

针对呼和浩特市客运出租汽车行业的发展及其现状,分析了造成影响呼和浩特市客运出租汽车发展的相关因素,通过SPSS软件计算分析,找到相关性较高的五个因素并采用逐步回归分析法,建立了确定呼和浩特市客运出租汽车发展预测模型。该模型可以对呼和浩特市市区规划年份所需的客运出租汽车发展进行预测,通过该地区客运出租汽车历史实际数据和模型计算结果比较,表明该预测模型较为理想。     

新形势下中心城市出租汽车发展方式转变的思考

结合我国政府全面深化改革与交通运输行业建设＂四个交通＂的要求,重点分析了中心城市出租汽车行业未来发展的趋势,研究提出了新形势下中心城市出租汽车的行业定位及中心城市出租汽车管理方式转变的要求;重点提出了管理目标转变、管理思路转变以及管理机制创新的建议,为国家层面有关城市出租汽车管理立法工作提供决策支持与参考,为地方政府及交通运输部门从根本上破解行业发展的深层次矛盾提供思路方法.     

手机打车软件盈利模式浅析

由于我国打车软件企业存在盈利模式不清晰的现象,使得许多企业已从打车软件市场竞争中退出。对国外打车软件的盈利模式进行分析,借鉴国外打车软件经验并根据我国的国情,提出未来我国打车软件企业的盈利模式:向乘客收取服务费,传统广告收益,提供有偿位置服务,收取交易手续费。通过创新盈利模式,使手机打车软件行业实现可持续发展。     

小陆家嘴地区出租车服务水平调查分析

为客观评价小陆家嘴地区的出租车服务水平,从实地问卷和资料查阅两方面进行调查分析。研究表明,小陆家嘴地区的"打车难"问题非常严重,不同时间、不同人群对出租车的满意度和依赖程度略有差异。最后,从规划、建设、管理等方面探究"打车难"原因,并提出解决对策。     

出租车公司管理效率评价分析

在出租车公司中,管理效率对其经济效益影响较大,选用数据包络分析方法(DEA)对出租车公司的管理效率进行分析。首先,就某市出租车公司选定模型的变量;然后运用基于GPS数据的统计信息构建DEA模型并得到效率值;再引入交叉效率模型来为管理效率排序;最后给出相应的改善措施。研究结果表明,应用数据包络分析评价出租车公司的管理效率非常有效。