超高层建筑空调水系统水力平衡技术研究

作为空调系统的重要组成部分,空调水系统的合理性决定了整个空调系统是否能够高效节能,以及能否正常、稳定运行。在空调水系统中,由于水力失调导致系统流量分配不合理、冷热量不合理,从而引起能量的浪费。本文依托龙光世纪工程对空调水系统水力平衡关键技术进行研究,分析最不利环路、阀部件设置及选型,并运用管道综合技术、声学技术优化超高层建筑空调水系统水力平衡综合调试方案,解决超高层建筑空调水系统水力失衡的普遍难题,有效缩短了调试周期、提高了运行效率。     

钱塘江中上游船舶交通事故应急救援资源配置研究

通过分析钱塘江中上游船舶交通事故应急救援资源配置中存在的问题,建立分配数学模型,运用遗传算法,选择水上应急储备的地址和救援物资,进而获得钱塘江中上游应急救援资源配置最优化的应急预案,为钱塘江中上游船舶交通事故应急救援资源配置提供参考依据。     

Recent success stories on integrated optimization of railway systems

Planning and operating railway transportation systems is an extremely hard task due to the combinatorial complexity of the underlying discrete optimization problems, the technical intricacies, and the immense size of the problem instances. Because of that, however, mathematical models and optimization techniques can result in large gains for both railway customers and operators, e.g., in terms of cost reductions or service quality improvements. In the last years a large and growing group of researchers in the OR community have devoted their attention to this domain developing mathematical models and optimization approaches to tackle many of the relevant problems in the railway planning process. However, there is still a gap to bridge between theory and practice (e.g. Cacchiani et al., 2014; Borndörfer et al., 2010), with a few notable exceptions. In this paper we address three individual success stories, namely, long-term freight train routing (part I), mid-term rolling stock rotation planning (part II), and real-time train dispatching (part III). In each case, we describe real-life, successful implementations. We will discuss the individual problem setting, survey the optimization literature, and focus on particular aspects addressed by the mathematical models. We demonstrate on concrete applications how mathematical optimization can support railway planning and operations. This gives proof that mathematical optimization can support the planning of railway resources. Thus, mathematical models and optimization can lead to a greater efficiency of railway operations and will serve as a powerful and innovative tool to meet recent challenges of the railway industry.     

混堆模式下多箱区场桥联合调度

为了在提升港方整体服务水平的同时降低运营成本,对固定时段内堆场混堆模式下多箱区的场桥调度问题进行了研究。以场桥移动、转场成本与内外集卡等待成本之和最小为目标,重点考虑场桥在箱区间的合理共享、场桥作业量的均衡、场桥与集卡的有效衔接3个方面,建立了混堆模式下多箱区场桥联合调度的非线性数学规划模型。基于问题特点设计了基于场桥作业序列和作业量的两部分染色体编码方式,利用嵌入解空间切割策略和染色体修复技术的改进遗传算法进行求解。算例试验分析结果表明,应用该模型和算法得出的调度方案效果良好,从而验证了它们的可行性和有效性。     

基于频谱分析的斜流风机振动控制改进研究

斜流风机是介于轴流和离心之间的一种风机形式,具有风量和压头适中、结构紧凑等特点,广泛应用于建筑、船舶和工业通风空调领域。本文针对某典型斜流风机,通过分析其振动产生原因,结合振动特征频率实测,提出电机优选、叶轮转子整体动平衡等改进措施,并通过搭建实验台架对改进效果进行实测评价。研究表明,上述改进措施可有效降低风机振动水平,提高风机的可靠性。该研究方法对其他规格风机及类似旋转机械的振动控制具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Book review

According to the latest BIMCO and Drewry reports, there is a global shortage of officers for the worlds’ merchant fleet. This article focuses on the South African labour market for officers and examines some of the maritime education and training challenges facing these officers in accessing global labour markets. The paper argues that despite processes of globalisation, the nation state can still be an important actor in shaping global labour markets. Using a qualitative approach, interviews were conducted with 10 key informants in the maritime human resources management sectors in South Africa. Interview data was analysed and coded for themes using NVivo qualitative data analysis software (QSR International Pty Ltd., Version 10, London, UK). This was theoretically informed by Braun &; Clarke’s six-step method of thematic analysis. This was combined with a review of labour market statistics to demonstrate that the key challenges facing South African officers are the lack of training berth availability and the lack of South African ship ownership. The solutions adopted by the state includes a limited adoption of best practices adopted by global MET institutions in the United Kingdom, Australia, Singapore, Taiwan and Nigeria. The article contributes to filling the gap in empirical-based maritime studies that are located on Africa.     

Water resources development in Turkey

The Southeastern Anatolia Projec(tGAP),one of the most important projects for developing remarkable natural resources of the world,is accepted as a change for getting benefit from rich water and agricultural resources of the Southeastern Anatolia Region.The GAP Project has been considered as a regional development projects through years,but the dimensions of sustainability,protection of environment and participatory have been attached to the master of the project in recent years.When the GAP Project is completed,the Upper Mesopotomia, the centers of many civilisation,will re-again its importance as it had in the ancient times,and will be alive a center of civilisation.Moreover,when the problem of water shortage and water supplies in the world for the future is kept in mind,the importance of Southeastern Anatolia′s water supplies will be doubled.For this reason,the GAP Project,developed by depending on water and natural resources of the region,will have an important place in the world.The aim of this study is to introduce the region with rich natural resources and the GAP Project.For this reason,firstly,the natural potential of the region will be introduced.Second,the GAP Project will be presented in details.In the third stage,the projects being processed for protecting the natural sources and environment will be analyzed.In the last stage,strategies and policies to develop and to protect the natural resources of the region in short,mid,and long terms will be proposed.     

铁路货运发展动向与运力资源调整的探讨

研究美国铁路货运的发展规律,对我国铁路货运发展趋势及其影响因素进行分析,提出铁路货运应关注多式联运、高附加值货物运输及采用更有效的市场营销组合等观点;针对铁路货运供求现状,提出铁路应调整软性和硬件运力资源。     

摆式列车系统介绍

系统地介绍了摆式列车的开发背景、基本原理和在曲线上的最高限速,综合实际开发、运行和相关单位的开发经验,提出了设计实践中需要关注的几个问题。     

水运企业人力资源开发与管理

世界银行1985年的经济考察报告《中国：长期发展问题和可选方案》的结论中指出：“中国的经济前景要取决于能否成功地调动和有效地使用一切资源,特别是人力资源。”