超声观测高同型半胱氨酸血症兔内皮功能损伤与血管细胞粘附分子的关系

目的研究高同型半胱氨酸血症(HHcy)兔血浆细胞粘附分子-1(VCAM-1)及一氧化氮(NO)的变化与内皮依赖性舒张功能(EDD)的关系,探讨内皮功能损伤的机理。方法将22只新西兰兔随机分为两组,每组11只,分别喂食正常饲料(正常对照组)、L-蛋氨酸[0.8g/(kg.d)]饲料(蛋氨酸组),分别于0、20、40、60、80d取血检测NO和VCAM-1的浓度,同时应用高分辨力超声检测其髂外动脉EDD的改变。结果①与正常对照组相比,蛋氨酸组兔髂外动脉的EDD显著降低,且呈明显的时间依赖性[80d,(-1.74±3.58)%vs.0d,(13.43±4.13)%,P<0.01];②与正常对照组相比,蛋氨酸组兔血浆中NO明显降低[80d,(217.43±27.38)μmol/L vs.0d,(379.75±56.83)μmol/L,P<0.05],血浆VCAM-1却明显升高[80d,(0.091 2±0.009 7)ng/mLvs.0d,(0.047 2±0.004 7)ng/mL,P<0.01],亦呈现明显的时间依赖性。结论高分辨力超声检测到的内皮依赖性舒张功能降低与血浆粘附分子明显相关,同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)导致内皮功能损伤是一个多途径的综合损伤。     

臀肌挛缩症发病过程中TGF-β1和HSP47的表达及其作用

目的 探索转化生长因子-β1(transforming growth factors-β1, TGF-β1)和热休克蛋白47(heat shock protein, HSP47)在臀肌挛缩带中的表达情况及其对臀肌挛缩症(gluteal muscle contracture, GMC)发病的作用.方法 收集臀肌挛缩症患者挛缩带和病变旁肌肉的病理标本,运用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)、免疫组化和Western blot技术检测TGF-β1和HSP47在mRNA水平和蛋白水平的表达情况.结果 TGF-β1和HSP47定位于成纤维细胞和血管内皮细胞的胞质中,并且呈强阳性表达,其在mRNA水平分别上调了8.1和3.6倍(P<0.05).蛋白水平的表达情况与mRNA一致,分别上调11.2倍和7.6倍(P<0.05).结论 TGF-β1和HSP47的表达上调可能是引起挛缩带产生的重要机制.     

An experimental study of pioglitazone in treating vascular dementia

Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of different doses of pioglitazone, a kind of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist, on vascular dementia and explore how pioglitazone affects cerebral ischemia. Methods Modified Pulsinelli's vessel ligation was used to establish a vascular dementia model in rats. Recognition, learning and memory were evaluated by Morris's water maze test. Immunoenzyme staining was used to determine the number of nerve cells. Immunofluorescence double-staining was used to examine the expression of PPARγ/nerve cells and PPARγ/astrocytes in different groups. Results Both in pioglitazone groups and sham-operation group, the latency was reduced significantly compared to that in control group (P<0.01). Sham-operation group had the largest number of neurons in the cortex, followed by low-dose pioglitazone group and high-dose pioglitazone group, and control group came last. Compared with control group, pioglitazone groups had more PPARγ expression in nerve cells, and the fluorescence intensity of PPARγ was stronger. Conclusion Pioglitazone can induce the expression of PPARγ in neuron endochylema and astrocyte endochylema to protect nerve cells, and then to improve spatial learning and memory function in VD rats.     

交叉口混合控制及其切换方法

针对交通控制中时段划分的主观性,根据Fisher最优分割原理,实现了时段的科学有效的划分;利用时段划分结果,采用混合控制方法对交叉口进行控制并给出了混合控制的平稳切换方法,实验表明相比感应控制和定时控制,该方法平均延误、排队长度、平均停车次数都得到了显著改善。     

Glutamate enhances the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in cultured SD rat astrocytes

Objective To study the effect of glutamate on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein in cultured rat astrocytes. Methods Cultured rat astrocytes were randomly divided into 6 groups: control group (C), glutamate group (G), QA group (Q), DCG-IV group (D), L-AP4 group (L) and glutanmte-FMCPG gronp (G+M). Cells were cultured under nomoxic condition (95% air, 5% CO2). RT-PCR and ELISA methods were used to detect the expression of VEGF mRNA and protein in cultured astrocytes, respectively. G+ M group was preincubated with lmM MCPG for 30 min prior to the stimulation with glutamate. There were 7 time points at 0,4,8,12,16,24 and 48 h in each group except G+M group. Results The expression of VEGF mRNA and protein did not differ significantly among D group, L group and C group. Different from that in C group, the expression of VEGF mRNA and protein could be enhanced both in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner in G group and Q group. Meanwhile, the enhanced expression of VEGF mRNA and protein in G group was completely suppressed by MCPG after 24 h. Conclusion Glutamate can increase the expression of VEGF mRNA and protein in cultured astrocytes, which may be due to the activation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors in astrocytes.     

雷帕霉素对小鼠H_(22)肝癌细胞生长增殖的影响

目的 研究雷帕霉素(rapamycin, RPM)对H_(22)肝癌细胞生长增殖的影响.方法 体外培养小鼠H_(22)肝细胞癌株,分别与RPM、CsA、FK506和5-Fu共同孵育48 h,进行MTT实验.流式细胞仪测定各组H_(22)细胞的细胞周期变化,ELISA法测定各组上清液中VEGF含量.体内实验建立H_(22)肝细胞癌皮下移植瘤模型,同时完成C57BL/6→BALB/c小鼠异体皮肤移植模型.给予RPM、CsA、FK506和5-Fu灌胃,观察皮片存活情况.获取实验小鼠血清及肿瘤组织.计算各组肿瘤体积,通过CD34免疫组化染色测定各组肿瘤组织的微血管密度(MVD).结果 剂量为0.01、0.1、1 mg/L的RPM对对数生长的H_(22)肝细胞具有细胞毒性,抑制H_(22)小鼠肝癌细胞增殖,培养上清液中的VEGF浓度较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),细胞周期分析显示S期细胞数较其他免疫抑制剂组显著减少(P<0.05).体内实验显示给予1.5 mg/(kg·d)和4.5 mg/(kg·d)的RPM与5 mg/(kg·d) FK506、20 mg/(kg·d) CsA的皮片存活时间相等,而肿瘤体积显著减小(P<0.05).与对照组相比,实验剂量RPM显著降低了荷瘤小鼠血清中的VEGF含量(P<0.05),同时瘤组织内的MVD显著减少(P<0.05).结论 体外实验研究和动物实验证实,RPM具有抗免疫排斥和抗肿瘤增殖的特点,可能在肝移植治疗肝脏恶性肿瘤方面发挥优势.     

科学合理交通网络 城市道路畅通之本

对于大型城市,规划和建设科学合理的交通网络是实现其城市道路畅通目标的根本条件。以重庆市城市道路网络为例,从网络布局、总量、结构、节点等方面分析取得的成绩和存在的问题,提出进一步改进的措施。     

浅埋不良地质条件下小净距隧道掘进与减振爆破技术研究

研究目的:研究重庆轻轨新郑区间浅埋、上软下硬地层、软弱夹层岩柱等不良条件下小净距隧道掘进和爆破减振技术,保证围岩与支护结构的稳定性、光爆良好效果和地下管线安全。研究结论:(1)洞口回填松软土层浅埋地段采用超前大管棚支护,并对Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ四种围岩段,采用正三台阶、正二台阶预留核心土、正二台阶及全断面开挖方式,配合采用光爆技术,适合浅埋不良地质条件下双隧道净距仅5.8 m情况下小净距隧道修建;(2)小净距隧道爆破中掏槽孔爆破产生的振动强度最大,通过对不同地质段采取预裂光面爆破和预留光爆层爆破两种方法,掏槽眼分别采取五梅花中空直眼掏槽及斜眼掏槽方法,实测地面测点振速1.8 cm/s,相邻洞内边墙衬砌振速11.02 cm/s,爆破振速满足规程要求,且确保了光爆效果,减振爆破技术可行。     

螺旋列板对立管涡激振动的影响

为更好地理解螺旋列板对涡激振动(VIV)的影响,采用大涡模拟(LES)的方法,对长径比为10的立管和不同螺距、螺高的螺旋列板进行模拟分析。结果表明:附加螺旋列板加大了顺流向的阻力,并且在螺高一定时,阻力随着螺距的加大而增大;与螺距相比,螺旋列板的高度对立管VIV的影响更大,且随高度增大,抑制效果越好。     

血管瘤和脉管畸形内皮细胞增生的研究

采用４级分类法对３７８例脉管病变内皮细胞增生程度进行了分级，其中５４例作了ＡｇＮＯＲ和肥大细胞计数。结果：血管瘤内皮细胞增生为Ⅱ、Ⅲ级，而脉管畸形组内皮细胞增生为Ｏ或Ｉ级。ＡｇＮＯＲ和肥大细胞计数，血管瘤明显高于脉管畸形组，表明血管瘤和脉管畸形是性质不同的两种病变。本文还总结了血管瘤和脉管畸形的病变特征和鉴别要点，以利于诊断、治疗和进一步的研究。