水面舰艇反鱼雷鱼雷作战使用方法研究

国外海军在研究发展反鱼雷鱼雷（ATT）,但对于其作战使用方法问题,却很少公开报道。针对ATT作战使用时的两种作战模式,建立鱼雷与ATT之间的对抗模型,分析了ATT的射击提前角与鱼雷来袭舷角、鱼雷报警距离、鱼雷速度、ATT速度之间的关系,为ATT的作战使用提供理论参考,并给出了几条结论。     

Workspace analysis to generate a collision-free torch path for a ship welding robot

We propose a method to determine the optimal initial location and to generate torch paths for a ship welding robot with 6 degrees of freedom (DOF). The optimal initial location is determined using an objective function, which is set up by combining constraints on the torch posture, manipulability, and the range of each joint angle to avoid collisions. A genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the objective function because it does not require additional derivatives. After the initial location is determined, torch paths are generated by interpolating the starting point, endpoints and torch postures using inverse kinematics. Our method can be applied to automate the welding job for each block during ship building, irrespective of the shape of the robots, by changing the objective function.     

光电码盘脉冲信号四倍频检测方法的分析与研究

基于各类汽车、船艇、以及机电系统中大量涉及的角度测量问题,着重介绍了一种利用增量式光电码盘进行角度测量以及提高测量精度的原理和方法。针对实际应用中因电路设计不当造成较多误码的问题,进行分析和研究,并设计了相应的电路。该方法已成功应用于实船测角系统中,实际应用验证了该方法的有效性。     

大跨径弯桥圆心角对其内力、位移及稳定性的影响

为提高高墩大跨径弯桥的安全性,对不同圆心角的典型弯桥在考虑大变形和材料非线性情况下,利用有限元法对刚构桥的墩梁内力与位移进行计算,分析了桥跨的内力、位移和非线性稳定荷载系数与弯桥圆心角的关系.分析结果显示:最大悬臂阶段主梁根部的弯矩随曲线圆心角增大而略有减小,但扭矩会快速增大;曲线圆心角越大,悬臂端竖向、横向位移和墩顶横桥向位移越大,在圆心角大于38°,非线性已很明显,悬臂端和墩顶位移会急剧增大;非线性稳定系数约为稳定特征系数的35%,随着弯桥圆心角的增大,其稳定系数会迅速变小;综合考虑,大跨径弯桥圆心角不宜大于38°.     

基于向量Liapunov函数的时滞车辆跟随系统稳定性分析

为了提高自动化高速公路车辆纵向跟随控制系统的稳定性,建立了关于车辆跟随误差的具有时间滞后的无限维非线性关联大系统模型,应用向量李雅普诺夫函数对大系统的稳定性进行了分析。以大系统的孤立子系统的稳定性条件为基础,在假定系统满足全局Lipschitz条件的情况下,得到了此类大系统指数稳定的充分性判据。该判据是与时间滞后量无关的显式判据,可方便地应用于车辆纵向跟随控制器的设计。     

外倾式非对称曲线拱桥力学特性分析

针对一座外倾式非对称钢箱拱桥,通过利用桥梁结构专业软件Midas/civil建立其空间杆系有限元模型进行整体受力性能分析,探讨主要受力结构拱肋、吊杆以及钢箱主梁的力学特点;并通过外倾角的改变研究分析了吊杆内力随拱肋外倾角改变的变化规律,对于完善该类异型拱桥的设计理论、工程施工,确保结构安全、设计合理等方面都有一定的参考价值。     

回声测深仪计量检定装置的研究

为研究浅水回声测深仪计量检定标准装置,以完成量值传递,文章介绍了2种不同的检定装置,可根据具体环境条件选择水槽比对方式和模拟器方式对回声测深仪进行检定,并对回声测深仪的基本原理、工作流程、2种检定装置的构造、测试结果和优缺点进行了简要的阐述。     

Short-term forecasting of high-speed rail demand: A hybrid approach combining ensemble empirical mode decomposition and gray support vector machine with real-world applications in China

Short-term forecasting of high-speed rail (HSR) passenger flow provides daily ridership estimates that account for day-to-day demand variations in the near future (e.g., next week, next month). It is one of the most critical tasks in high-speed passenger rail planning, operational decision-making and dynamic operation adjustment. An accurate short-term HSR demand prediction provides a basis for effective rail revenue management. In this paper, a hybrid short-term demand forecasting approach is developed by combining the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and grey support vector machine (GSVM) models. There are three steps in this hybrid forecasting approach: (i) decompose short-term passenger flow data with noises into a number of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and a trend term; (ii) predict each IMF using GSVM calibrated by the particle swarm optimization (PSO); (iii) reconstruct the refined IMF components to produce the final predicted daily HSR passenger flow, where the PSO is also applied to achieve the optimal refactoring combination. This innovative hybrid approach is demonstrated with three typical origin–destination pairs along the Wuhan-Guangzhou HSR in China. Mean absolute percentage errors of the EEMD-GSVM predictions using testing sets are 6.7%, 5.1% and 6.5%, respectively, which are much lower than those of two existing forecasting approaches (support vector machine and autoregressive integrated moving average). Application results indicate that the proposed hybrid forecasting approach performs well in terms of prediction accuracy and is especially suitable for short-term HSR passenger flow forecasting.     

基于支持向量机的装载机齿轮箱故障智能诊断研究

在分析现有齿轮箱故障诊断方法的基础上,提出了采用多分类器支持向量机齿轮箱故障智能诊断方法,简介了该方法的系统结构、实现原理、特征提取与故障类别,重点讨论了齿轮箱故障多分类器支持向量机智能诊断模型与算法。仿真试验结果说明了采用多分类器支持向量机智能方法进行齿轮箱故障智能诊断的可行性与正确性。     

含水率对经编土工格栅与土界面作用特性的影响

加筋土工程中,加筋与填土间的界面作用特性是最关键的技术指标,直接决定工程的稳定性,而土体含水率的变化会影响加筋与填土间的界面作用特性。通过室内拉拔试验研究了不同含水率条件下经编土工格栅与土体间的界面作用特性,试验结果表明:在相同的法向应力下,土工格栅被拔出破坏时对应的极限表观摩擦阻力随着土体含水率的增加而降低;不论土工格栅是整体被拔出破坏还是纵肋被拔出破坏,土工格栅和土体界面间的表观摩擦角和表观粘着力均随着土体含水率的增加而降低;土工格栅与土体界面间的破坏形式由土工格栅的整体被拔出破坏转变为纵肋被拔出破坏时对应的法向应力随着土体含水率的增加而增大。