哈尔滨松花江避暑城道路专项规划研究

以哈尔滨松花江避暑城的道路系统为研究对象,分析了该区域的交通特性,总结并提出了具体的道路规划要求,在此基础上,对避暑城的路网布局、过境交通引导、慢行系统布置、道路等级划分、道路横断面组织等方面进行了深入的规划设计,有关经验可供相关专业人员参考。     

基于图像分析技术的混凝土表面色差检测及评定

混凝土色差是混凝土结构外观质量检测与评定时的重要参数之一。目前,混凝土色差的评定主要依据检测人员的经验对混凝土表面颜色的均一性进行直观定性判断,其结果难以客观评定混凝土的外观质量。基于图像分析技术的应用,提出采用数码相机现场采集混凝土结构表面图像,对图像进行灰度转换,计算灰度图像的标准差,考虑人类视觉识别特征和拍摄环境的影响,建立混凝土表面色差的定量评价体系和方法。基于所提方法,对一混凝土结构的表面进行了对比试验,结果表明：该方法能有效检测与评定混凝土表面色差缺陷。     

陶瓷减速标线的研发和应用

介绍了研究组研发的陶瓷减速标线的性能,特点,详细剖析了陶瓷减速标线的结构形式以及生产工艺,并结合实际应用研究分析,陶瓷减速标线是一种性价比高,耐耗性能优异,施工便捷绿色环保的优质新型道路标线,具有较强的实用性和开发价值,有广阔的推广应用前景。     

厦门石渭头污水处理厂改扩建工程设计总结

厦门市石渭头污水处理厂一期已建规模10万m3/d,二期扩建10万m3/d,同时进行一期工程的改造,改扩建后总规模20万m3/d同步达标排放。本着充分利用一期已有构筑物和设备的原则,将原一期10万m3/d出水二级排放标准的生物反应池升级改造为5万m3/d一级B标准的好氧池和缺氧池,同时新建15万m3/d完整的A2/O池+5万m3/d厌缺氧池,通过连接管道使一、二期构筑物有机结合,确保出水同步达标排放。该文就污水处理厂一期存在的问题;二期扩建与一期升级改造衔接方案;改扩建工程设计等方面进行总结,可供同行参考。     

江苏响水滩涂土壤圆锥指数试验研究

圆锥指数法(WES)是一种用来快速判断车辆通过性的方法。江苏沿海滩涂风力资源丰富,但滩涂土壤松软,普通车辆难以行驶,为保证风电开发施工设备在江苏沿海滩涂安全行驶通过而不发生陷车,三一电气有限责任公司自行设计了一种圆锥指数仪,用以测量滩涂土壤圆锥指数,判断车辆通过性。对响水滩涂T4风机位附近土壤的圆锥指数进行测量,得到了该区域扰动和非扰动两种情况下的土壤圆锥指数曲线,并对滩涂履带运输车的车辆圆锥指数进行了理论计算,根据试验和理论计算的结果进行了滩涂履带运输车实地行驶试验。试验表明,该型运输车在此区域通过性良好。该试验也为评估其它各种车辆在该地区的行驶通过性提供了数据参考。     

芹口隧道桥隧相连结构施工技术

为解决山区铁路客运专线桥隧相连结构高边坡的施工安全问题,主要从施工方面对合福铁路客运专线芹口隧道出口桥隧相连结构进行研究,通过分析施工组织中的重点、采取的技术措施,总结经验教训如下:1)在桥隧相连结构设计时,应充分考虑施工过程的滞后性;2)施工组织各工序前后步骤必须严密。     

Policy challenges of increasing automation in driving

The convergence of information and communication technologies (ICT) with automotive technologies has already resulted in automation features in road vehicles and this trend is expected to continue in the future owing to consumer demand, dropping costs of components, and improved reliability. While the automation features that have taken place so far are mainly in the form of information and driver warning technologies (classified as level I pre-2010), future developments in the medium term (level II 2010–2025) are expected to exhibit connected cognitive vehicle features and encompass increasing degree of automation in the form of advanced driver assistance systems. Although autonomous vehicles have been developed for research purposes and are being tested in controlled driving missions, the autonomous driving case is only a long term (level III 2025 +) scenario. This paper contributes knowledge on technological forecasts regarding automation, policy challenges for each level of technology development and application context, and the essential instrument of cost-effectiveness for policy analysis which enables policy decisions on the automation systems to be assessed in a consistent and balanced manner. The cost of a system per vehicle is viewed against its effectiveness in meeting policy objectives of improving safety, efficiency, mobility, convenience and reducing environmental effects. Example applications are provided that illustrate the contribution of the methodology in providing information for supporting policy decisions. Given the uncertainties in system costs as well as effectiveness, the tool for assessing policies for future generation features probabilistic and utility-theoretic analysis capability. The policy issues defined and the assessment framework enable the resolution of policy challenges while allowing worthy innovative automation in driving to enhance future road transportation.     

Simulation of dynamic interaction between train and railway turnout

Dynamic train–track interaction is more complex in railway turnouts (switches and crossings) than that in ordinary tangent or curved tracks. Multiple contacts between wheel and rail are common, and severe impact loads with broad frequency contents are induced, when nominal wheel–rail contact conditions are disturbed because of the continuous variation in rail profiles and the discontinuities in the crossing panel. The absence of transition curves at the entry and exit of the turnout, and the cant deficiency, leads to large wheel–rail contact forces and passenger discomfort when the train is switching into the turnout track. Two alternative multibody system (MBS) models of dynamic interaction between train and a standard turnout design are developed. The first model is derived using a commercial MBS software. The second model is based on a multibody dynamics formulation, which may account for the structural flexibility of train and track components (based on finite element models and coordinate reduction methods). The variation in rail profile is accounted for by sampling the cross-section of each rail at several positions along the turnout. Contact between the back of the wheel flange and the check rail, when the wheelset is steered through the crossing, is considered. Good agreement in results from the two models is observed when the track model is taken as rigid.     

Development of advanced driver assistance systems with vehicle hardware-in-the-loop simulations

This paper presents a new method for the design and validation of advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs). With vehicle hardware-in-the-loop (VEHIL) simulations, the development process, and more specifically the validation phase, of intelligent vehicles is carried out safer, cheaper, and is more manageable. In the VEHIL laboratory, a full-scale ADAS-equipped vehicle is set up in a hardware-in-the-loop simulation environment, where a chassis dynamometer is used to emulate the road interaction and robot vehicles to represent other traffic. In this controlled environment, the performance and dependability of an ADAS is tested to great accuracy and reliability. The working principle and the added value of VEHIL are demonstrated with test results of an adaptive cruise control and a forward collision warning system. On the basis of the ‘V’ diagram, the position of VEHIL in the development process of ADASs is illustrated.     

A fundamental investigation of tilt control systems for narrow commuter vehicles

One way of addressing traffic congestion is by efficiently utilizing the existing highway infrastructure. Narrow tilting vehicles that need a reduced width lane can be part of the solution if they can be designed to be safe, stable, and easy to operate. In this paper, a control system that stabilizes the tilt mode of such a vehicle without affecting the handling of the vehicle is proposed. This control system is a combination of two different types of control schemes known as steering tilt control (STC) and direct tilt control (DTC) systems. First, different existing variations of both STC and DTC systems are considered and their shortcomings analysed. Modified control schemes are then suggested to overcome the deficiencies. Then a new method of integrating these two control schemes that guarantees smooth switchover between the controllers as a function of vehicle velocity is proposed. The performance of the proposed STC, DTC, and integrated systems is evaluated by carrying out simulations for different operating conditions and some experimental work. The design of a second-generation narrow tilting vehicle on which the developed control system has been implemented is presented.