Insights into vehicle trajectories at the handling limits: analysing open data from race car drivers

Race car drivers can offer insights into vehicle control during extreme manoeuvres; however, little data from race teams is publicly available for analysis. The Revs Program at Stanford has built a collection of vehicle dynamics data acquired from vintage race cars during live racing events with the intent of making this database publicly available for future analysis. This paper discusses the data acquisition, post-processing, and storage methods used to generate the database. An analysis of available data quantifies the repeatability of professional race car driver performance by examining the statistical dispersion of their driven paths. Certain map features, such as sections with high path curvature, consistently corresponded to local minima in path dispersion, quantifying the qualitative concept that drivers anchor their racing lines at specific locations around the track. A case study explores how two professional drivers employ distinct driving styles to achieve similar lap times, supporting the idea that driving at the limits allows a family of solutions in terms of paths and speed that can be adapted based on specific spatial, temporal, or other constraints and objectives.     

The Kalker book of tables for non-Hertzian contact of wheel and rail

A new regularisation of non-elliptical contact patches has been introduced, which enables building the look-up table called by us the Kalker book of tables for non-Hertzian contact (KBTNH), which is a fast creep force generator that can be used by multibody dynamics system simulation programs. The non-elliptical contact patch is regularised by a simple double-elliptical contact region (SDEC). The SDEC region is especially suitable for regularisation of contact patches obtained with approximate non-Hertzian methods for solving the normal contact problem of wheel and rail. The new regularisation is suitable for wheels and rails with any profiles, including worn profiles.

The paper describes the new procedure of regularisation of the non-elliptical contact patch, the structure of the Kalker book of tables, and parameterisation of the independent variables of the tables and creep forces.

A moderate volume Kalker book of tables for SDEC region suitable for simulation of modern running gears has been computed in co-simulation of Matlab and program CONTACT.

To access the creep forces of the Kalker book of tables, the linear interpolation has been applied.

The creep forces obtained from KBTNH have been compared to those obtained by program CONTACT and FASTSIM algorithm. FASTSIM has been applied on both the contact ellipse and the SDEC contact patch. The comparison shows that KBTNH is in good agreement with CONTACT for a wide range of creepage condition and shapes of the contact patch, whereas the use of FASTSIM on the elliptical patch and SDEC may lead to significant deviations from the reference CONTACT solutions.

The computational cost of calling creep forces from KBTNH has been estimated by comparing CPU time of FASTSIM and KBTNH. The KBTNH is 7.8–51 times faster than FASTSIM working on 36–256 discretisation elements, respectively.

In the example of application, the KBTNH has been applied for curving simulations and results compared with those obtained with the creep force generator employing the elliptical regularisation. The results significantly differ, especially in predicted creepages, because the elliptical regularisation neglects generation of the longitudinal creep force by spin creepage.     

基于小波和粒子群算法的HEV行驶状况辨识方法研究

针对混合动力汽车(HEV)行驶状况(道路坡度和整车载荷)变化难以有效识别,导致驱动系统控制策略不能有效满足驾驶员意图问题,以混联式HEV为研究对象,提出了基于小波滤波和粒子群算法的HEV行驶状况辨识方法。首先建立了汽车行驶状况辨识模型,采用最小二乘法确立了优化目标函数,其次研究了基于小波滤波和粒子群算法的HEV行驶状况辨识原理,最后进行了行驶状况粒子群智能算法辨识试验。在采集实车数据的基础上,对实车数据进行小波滤波,并运用行驶状况辨识方法对道路坡度和整车载荷进行了辨识,并对辨识结果进行小波滤波,结果表明,试验工况下整车载荷辨识的相对误差绝对平均值为2.71%,道路坡度辨识的相对误差绝对平均值为3.85%,验证了所提出方法的有效性。     

基于GPS载波相位信号确定运动体姿态的关键技术

应用GPS载波相位信号确定运动体姿态,针对二维两天线系统情况,设计了姿态测量系统的硬件结构及算法流程框图,文章介绍了GPS姿态测量的关键技术：GPS姿态观测方程、整周模糊度的解算、误差的消除。从系统设计角度证明了技术的可行性。     

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Bow Profiles on Resistance of an Underwater Vehicle in Free Surface Motion

In this paper, towing tank experiments are conducted to study the behavior of flow on a model of the underwater vehicle with various shapes of bows, i.e. tango and standard bows in free surface motion ...     

LonWorks分布式控制网络技术在轨道列车中的应用

LonWorks作为一种成熟的控制网络技术,己在列车通信网络中得到广泛的应用,但因不能实现自动编组,且与车辆总线的连接也有问题,使其运用受到限制。现提出了初步解决方案,并通过实验进行了验证。     

轮对弹性对铁道车辆动力学性能仿真结果的影响

研究了轮对分别为弹性体和刚性体情况下客车的直线运行性能,模型中轮轨接触为非线性。仿真结果表明,轮对弹性对车辆运行性能具有显著影响,尤其降低了临界速度。     

我国城市轨道车辆制动技术的现状与思考

较为详细地回顾了我国城市轨道车辆制动系统的发展历程,分析了目前我国新型城市轨道车辆制动系统的特点,并与我国自主研发适用于高速动车组的同类型制动系统作了技术比较。分析了我国自主研发城市轨道车辆制动系统的技术基础,指出国内技术与产品和国外相比存在着系统理念、设计经验和系统可靠性方面的差距,同时指出自主研发城市轨道车辆制动系统存在的问题,并提出了建议。     

南京地铁车辆合成闸瓦技术方案探讨

分析了国内外铁路车辆应用的合成闸瓦技术,并对地铁车辆使用的合成闸瓦特点进行探讨.提出研究聚合物基复合摩阻材料的地铁车辆合成闸瓦初步技术方案,重点解决适用于地铁车辆制动工况的关键技术,包括耐热高聚物的改性和应用研究、增强材料的应用研究和设计材料结构与性能,并对合成闸瓦的生产工艺进行初步探讨.     

地铁车辆铁路运输接口箱

上海轨道交通1号线扩编项目的中间动车需要由铁路运输完成,因此需要设计运输接口箱以代替A车功能.接口箱的作用是采集压力转换装置(P/E装置)的制动缓解指令和参考值,由SIBAS KLIP模拟量转换成数字量,通过KLIP总线传递给车辆控制单元(VCU),再由VCU分配给各电制动控制单元(BECU),控制各制动模块的动作.它的电气系统由SIBAS KLIP站和控制电路所组成,机械结构采用整体焊接,结构简单,拆卸方便.运行试验证明该接口箱的设计合理,功能完备,运输状况良好.这种经济、快捷、方便的运输方式为今后的地铁车辆运输提供了良好的借鉴.