Vehicle electrification in a developing country: Status and issue,from a well-to-wheel perspective

The increase of public attention, scientific research and political interest in environmental problems associated with transportation has provided the motivation for re-invention of electric vehicles. However the usage of grid-dependent EVs with a high-carbon electricity grid might produce more damage to the environment. This study aims to provide an environmental impact comparison of ICEVs, HEVs and EVs during their usage cycle, by modeling their energy consumption (electricity or fuel) and the supply chains of the supplied energy, (well-to-wheel) based on a life cycle assessment. The results show that running EVs with the existing mixed sources of electrical energy produce larger impacts on the environment 60% of the time; when compared to HEVs. When compared to ICEVs, EVs produce a larger environmental impact on 7 out of 15 environmental impact categories. Overall the environmental impacts of EVs are substantial based on the well-to-wheel analysis. It will continue to be so if no change is made to the methods of electricity generation in the near future. Given that the environmental profile of EVs is linked with the existing national electricity generation mix, the national electricity supply must be made cleaner before the electrification of the urban transport system.     

Japanese perspective of driver information systems

A perspective view of of Japanese R&D activities of Driver Information Systems is given from the standpoint of developing joint projects by public and private sectors. First, a brief history of the R&D activities is illustrated from above mentioned standpoint. Then, two major projects, AMTICS and RACS, and the social backgrounds of these projects are explained. In order to give a clear idea of both projects some technical details are treated.Based on the history and the present status of the developments, the basic design conceptions of Japanese Driver Information Systems are explained and several factors or reasons which have influenced to the design conception are discussed. Then, the promoting systems of the R&D activities are generally explained and present status of the projects and future problems in developing more advanced systems are also handled. A brief discussion on the establishment of international standard is also mentioned as a final comment.     

道路交通车辆检测技术及发展综述

基于对智能交通系统（ITS）最基本要素——交通信息采集技术的研究,以及对常用车辆检测器进行的分类、分析和研究,阐述固定型检测技术中较为典型的几种车辆检测器工作原理,分析各自的优势、不足和适用环境。结合当今科技的发展趋势及ITS的发展需求,分析探讨道路交通车辆检测技术的发展方向和交通信息融合技术。     

初始条件对驾驶员逐日路径选择行为和网络交通流演化的影响

从查阅到的文献可以看到,在驾驶员逐日路径选择行为及网络交通流演化的研究中,均假定驾驶员第1天对路径的理解行程时间相同,也即初始条件中没有考虑驾驶员的个体差异性。首先,对初始条件和驾驶员逐日路径选择过程建模,在2条平行路径的简单路网中,运用Agent仿真方法模拟了不同初始条件下驾驶员逐日路径选择过程。结果表明：路网达到平衡所需的时间与驾驶员对历史信息的依赖程度显著相关,而与第1天驾驶员对路径行程时间理解的相关差异性不显著;路网平衡和用户平衡的差别与两者均显著相关。虽然在不同情况下路网均能够达到近似的用户平衡状态,但是平衡时驾驶员对2条路径的理解行程时间存在较大差异。     

“超级城市”——天津城市交通方式的展望

该文针对天津2020年将发展成为"超级城市"这个课题论述了第三代城市——"低碳生态城",结合天津"双港双城"新的城市总体发展战略,对未来城市交通模式——绿色交通进行研讨,通过对"超级城市"未来的车与路的展望,对道路交通设计提出8点新理念,对公交专用道、慢行交通——自行车专用道、人行道布设及道路横断面设计的创新思路进行初步研讨,可供同行参考。     

对HCM2000中有关立交匝道与主线分合流点服务水平测算方法的研习与工程实践

立交的分合流点通行能力分析是立交通行能力分析的重要组成部分,其中主线与匝道的分合流点是研究的主要对象。对于此类的研究文章较多,方法不一。该文根据新版的《道路通行能力手册》(简称HCM2000)所阐述的方法,结合国内立交设计的实际情况,以及工作中通常所使用的流量数据,对该方法进行简化、归纳,并运用于实际工程。     

长玻纤增强PP材料脚踏板的研制开发

针对现有商用车的减重需求,提出采用长玻纤增强PP材料脚踏板替代原金属脚踏板方案。根据原金属脚踏板的使用性能和安装要求,对长玻纤增强PP材料脚踏板进行了结构设计,改进了成型模具,优化了成型工艺。对试制的合格脚踏板进行了老化性能、疲劳寿命及25万km装车道路试验,试验结果表明满足了相关要求。与金属脚踏板相比,长玻纤增强PP材料脚踏板减重50%,降成本20%。     

整车电路搭铁点设计

主要介绍汽车搭铁方式及搭铁点设计,并对串联和并联两种搭铁方式进行详细对比。     

关于汽车连接器护套端子退位问题的几点分析

针对汽车连接器使用护套产品存在的端子退位问题,进行必要的技术分析,从而找到解决端子退位的方法。     

基于系统效率最优的CVT混合动力轿车转矩优化分配方法

无级变速器CVT消除了挡位概念,其速比在一定范围内连续可调。配备CVT的混合动力汽车能够实现动力源转矩和传动系统的优化匹配。针对此问题,提出了基于系统效率最优的CVT中度混合动力轿车动力源转矩优化分配方法:。该方法:综合考虑了各个关键部件的效率,以混合动力系统的总体效率为优化目标,以车速、车辆加速度、电池SOC为状态变量,优化分配了驱动工况下各动力源输出转矩,为整车能量管理策略的制定奠定了基础。