基于用户认知的新能源汽车内饰研究

在体验经济时代(在消费过程中追求顾客满意、注重自我体验),新能源汽车作为汽车行业的新兴产业,不断受到人们的追捧,其内饰比外观更为重要。在新能源汽车的内饰中,许多零部件具有不可替代的互动性,这也是用户了解新能源汽车内饰的关键因素之一。在智能化时代的背景下,大多数新能源汽车制造商单纯地将智能技术应用到新能源汽车上,其内饰造型、人机交互和使用体验已经不能满足客户对新能源汽车的要求。人机工程学是新能源汽车内饰设计的出发点,掌握用户形象认知是新能源汽车内饰设计的关键。因此,本文从用户的认知角度来研究新能源汽车的内饰设计与创新。     

PHEV能量管理策略研究

针对一款串联型插电式混合动力公交车,文章基于MTLALB建立整车和各部件数值模型。在中国典型城市公交工况下,建立基于全局优化的DP策略,并与CD-CS策略和PMP策略进行能耗对比分析。结果表明:(1)基于CD-CS策略的后期SOC在一定范围内波动,DP策略与PMP策略的SOC轨迹近似呈线性变化。(2)CD-CS策略较DP策略的能耗成本高22.68%,PMP策略比DP策略的能耗成本高0.30%。DP策略与PMP策略可以合理分配能量源,实现全局最优,但DP策略相比PMP策略计算量大。     

自卸汽车振动原因分析

针对某自卸汽车在使用过程中出现的横向抖动问题,采用试验模态分析技术对车架动态性能进行了分析,得到了该车架的各阶模态频率、模态阻尼以及模态振型等,为进一步研究整车振动、疲劳、噪声等问题奠定了基础,也为车架结构的优化设计提供了参考依据。模态分析结果表明,该自卸汽车车架前部刚度较弱,当激励频率接近或等于5．75Hz和10．36Hz时,可使车架共振产生横向抖动。     

Development of an Autonomous Flight Control System for Small Size Unmanned Helicopter Based on Dynamical Model

It is devoted to the development of an autonomous flight control system for small size unmanned helicopter based on dynamical model. At first, the mathematical model of a small size helicopter is described. After that simple but effective MTCV control algorithm was proposed. The whole flight control algorithm is composed of two parts: orientation controller based on the model for rotation dynamics and a robust position controller for a double integrator. The MTCV block is also used to achieve translation velocity control. To demonstrate the performance of the presented algorithm, simulation results and results achieved in real flight experiments were presented.     

智能网联汽车数据安全管理研究

智能网联汽车大数据已经成为推动自动驾驶技术迭代更新,促进产业生态创新发展的基础性战略资源,随之而来的用户隐私和数据安全问题受到了社会各界的广泛关注。分析了智能网联汽车数据区别于一般大数据的典型特征,针对不同类别的数据进行了权属问题研究,认为除基础属性信息外,其他数据都应在匿名处理后进行分析应用。研究提出了目前数据产业化应用的4种典型场景。在国内外关于汽车数据安全保护相关法律法规的框架下,从国家、行业、企业3个层面分析提出了规范数据采集处理、强化数据挖掘应用的策略建议。     

行为导向教学法在《汽车机械基础》教学中的实践

《汽车机械基础》是一门专业特性和职业特性非常突出的重要专业基础课。文中在分析课程结构特点和行为导向教学法内涵的基础上,对行为导向教学法在汽车机械基础中的应用进行了深入研究,并对存在的问题进行了分析和探讨。     

考虑均衡性的城市轨道交通线路负荷水平评估研究

线路负荷水平的评价工作是优化运输组织方案的重要前提。首先,本文分析了采用单一均值性指标表征负荷水平不能体现线路内负荷分布偏差的问题。为此,从城市轨道交通线路客流与运输能力匹配的角度出发,以列车负荷为评价单元,建立包括负荷均值和标准差率二维指标的线路负荷水平评估模型。负荷均值指标考虑了各评价单元加权计算,以反映每个评价单元对线路负荷水平的贡献程度,标准差率指标表征负荷均衡性。模型分析得出,线路所有区间的运力同等规模变化不影响标准差率指标,相对提高大客流区间或大客流方向上的输送能力能够改善线路负荷的均衡性。算例分析表明：客流方向不均衡系数超过 1.4 时,应考虑运力优化措施以提高运输能力利用的均衡;组织列车大小交路方案和不成对行车模式,能够提高线路负荷的均衡程度。     

Transport energy consumption in mountainous roads. A comparative case study for internal combustion engines and electric vehicles in Andorra

This paper analyses transport energy consumption of conventional and electric vehicles in mountainous roads. A standard round trip in Andorra has been modelled in order to characterise vehicle dynamics in hilly regions. Two conventional diesel vehicles and their electric-equivalent models have been simulated and their performances have been compared. Six scenarios have been simulated to study the effects of factors such as orography, traffic congestion and driving style. The European fuel consumption and emissions test and Artemis urban driving cycles, representative of European driving cycles, have also been included in the comparative analysis. The results show that road grade has a major impact on fuel economy, although it affects consumption in different levels depending on the technology analysed. Electric vehicles are less affected by this factor as opposed to conventional vehicles, increasing the potential energy savings in a hypothetical electrification of the car fleet. However, electric vehicle range in mountainous terrains is lower compared to that estimated by manufacturers, a fact that could adversely affect a massive adoption of electric cars in the short term.     

Socially optimal electric driving range of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles

This study determines the optimal electric driving range of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) that minimizes the daily cost borne by the society when using this technology. An optimization framework is developed and applied to datasets representing the US market. Results indicate that the optimal range is 16 miles with an average social cost of $3.19 per day when exclusively charging at home, compared to $3.27 per day of driving a conventional vehicle. The optimal range is found to be sensitive to the cost of battery packs and the price of gasoline. When workplace charging is available, the optimal electric driving range surprisingly increases from 16 to 22 miles, as larger batteries would allow drivers to better take advantage of the charging opportunities to achieve longer electrified travel distances, yielding social cost savings. If workplace charging is available, the optimal density is to deploy a workplace charger for every 3.66 vehicles. Moreover, the diversification of the battery size, i.e., introducing a pair and triple of electric driving ranges to the market, could further decrease the average societal cost per PHEV by 7.45% and 11.5% respectively.     

Performance comparison between pedestrian push-button and pre-timed pedestrian crossings at midblock: a Korean case study

Walking has been highlighted as an independent transportation mode as well as an access/egress mode to/from public transit to encourage the use of more sustainable transport systems. However, walking does not seem to have priority over other transportation modes, especially in areas where various modes of movement are in conflict. The pedestrian push-button system seems to be a solution to distribute the right of way. The focus of this study is on the performance issue of the pedestrian push-button. Specifically, this study deals with issues related to mid-block crossings and attempts to answer two questions: whose waiting time is longer at pre-timed and push-button crossings, pedestrians, or vehicles? and which system – pre-timed or push-button – is better in terms of total waiting time? According to our simulation analyses, if the pedestrian flow rate is less than 120, 85, and 70 ped/h for two-, three-, and four-lane roads, respectively, the push-button system is recommended.