城市轨道交通地下线工程条件对振动环境影响的研究分析

本文根据国内城市轨道交通工程环境影响评价中地下线环境振动影响预测和环境保护竣工验收监测结果，统计分析了地铁运营时产生的环境振动随敏感点与线路的距离、列车运行速度等变化情况，并根据环境振动影响范围提出了满足环境振动标准的控制距离。     

Roll- and pitch-plane coupled hydro-pneumatic suspension

Passive fluidically coupled suspensions have been considered to offer a promising alternative solution to the challenging design of a vehicle suspension system. A theoretical foundation, however, has not been established for fluidically coupled suspension to facilitate its broad applications to various vehicles. The first part of this study investigates the fundamental issues related to feasibility and properties of the passive, full-vehicle interconnected, hydro-pneumatic suspension configurations using both analytical and simulation techniques. Layouts of various interconnected suspension configurations are illustrated based on two novel hydro-pneumatic suspension strut designs, both of which provide a compact design with a considerably large effective working area. A simplified measure, vehicle property index, is proposed to permit a preliminary evaluation of different interconnected suspension configurations using qualitative scaling of the bounce-, roll-, pitch- and warp-mode stiffness properties. Analytical formulations for the properties of unconnected and three selected X-coupled suspension configurations are derived, and simulation results are obtained to illustrate their relative stiffness and damping properties in the bounce, roll, pitch and warp modes. The superior design flexibility feature of the interconnected hydro-pneumatic suspension is also discussed through sensitivity analysis of a design parameter, namely the annular piston area of the strut. The results demonstrate that a full-vehicle interconnected hydro-pneumatic suspension could provide enhanced roll- and pitch-mode stiffness and damping, while retaining the soft bounce- and warp-mode properties. Such an interconnected suspension thus offers considerable potential in realising enhanced decoupling among the different suspension modes.     

Influence of polygonal wear of railway wheels on the wheel set axle stress

The coupled vehicle/track dynamic model with the flexible wheel set was developed to investigate the effects of polygonal wear on the dynamic stresses of the wheel set axle. In the model, the railway vehicle was modelled by the rigid multibody dynamics. The wheel set was established by the finite element method to analyse the high-frequency oscillation and dynamic stress of wheel set axle induced by the polygonal wear based on the modal stress recovery method. The slab track model was taken into account in which the rail was described by the Timoshenko beam and the three-dimensional solid finite element was employed to establish the concrete slab. Furthermore, the modal superposition method was adopted to calculate the dynamic response of the track. The wheel/rail normal forces and the tangent forces were, respectively, determined by the Hertz nonlinear contact theory and the Shen–Hedrick–Elkins model. Using the coupled vehicle/track dynamic model, the dynamic stresses of wheel set axle with consideration of the ideal polygonal wear and measured polygonal wear were investigated. The results show that the amplitude of wheel/rail normal forces and the dynamic stress of wheel set axle increase as the vehicle speeds rise. Moreover, the impact loads induced by the polygonal wear could excite the resonance of wheel set axle. In the resonance region, the amplitude of the dynamic stress for the wheel set axle would increase considerably comparing with the normal conditions.     

齿轮箱的失效原因与振动诊断

齿轮箱是各类机械设备通常具备的变速传动部件，齿轮和齿轮箱的工作状态的好坏直接影响整个机械系统的工作，它们的故障往往是造成系统不能正常运转的常见原因之一，所以它们的制造质量、工作平稳性和噪声是机器制造质量的重要标志。文章介绍了柴油机齿轮箱的失效形式和原因，并通过振动监测具体分析了某齿轮箱的故障。     

凌津滩枢纽船闸下游近坝段航道整治研究

沅水梯级渠化最末一级凌津滩枢纽建成后,船闸下游引航道口门以下现行航道弯曲分汊、水浅流急、航道易淤积,船舶进出船闸困难,严重影响枢纽通航功能的发挥;在分析近坝河段航道碍航原因的基础上,通过水流和遥控自航船模、定床输沙物理模型试验,分别对左、右航线不同的工程整治方案进行研究优化;通过综合对比分析,废弃现行左线航道,选择右线开辟新航道,并针对存在的问题提出相关对策。     

一种轻型天线稳定平台的设计

介绍了一种适用于大振动、冲击、强电磁干扰、倒单摆式大惯量负载等特殊要求的轻型天线稳定平台的机电一体化设计.可对类似的应用提供有用的借鉴.     

Full vehicle simulation using thermomechanically coupled hybrid neural network shock absorber model

In the case of full vehicle models, the technique of multi-body simulation (MBS) is frequently used to study their highly non-linear dynamic behaviour. Many non-linearities in vehicle models are induced by force elements like springs, shock absorbers, bushings and tires. Commonly, spline functions are used to represent the force responses of these components. If the non-linear relationships are more complicated, the spline approximations are no more accurate. An alternative approach is based on empirical neural networks which are based on the mathematical approximation of measured data. It is well known that neural networks are able to represent and predict complex component responses accurately. The aim of this paper is to perform a dynamic full vehicle simulation using a thermomechanically coupled hybrid neural network shock absorber model. In this shock absorber model, the spline approach is combined with a temperature-dependent neural network. Based on a displacement-controlled excitation on a four post test rig in the ADAMS/Car MBS software, a rugged test track is simulated. In this way, the front and rear shock absorbers are dynamically loaded with comfort-relevant frequencies in the range of 0.75-30 Hz and velocity amplitudes up to 2 m/s. By the simulation, stability of the hybrid neural network model is demonstrated. Furthermore, the damping force, the vertical acceleration of the chassis and the required simulation times are compared. The standard spline approach is used as a reference.     

某站场地基强夯振动影响范围研究

针对某站场地基采用6000kN·m夯击能强夯加固海漫滩填海区工程，现场测试了地表振动速度，在此基础上，分析研究了振动在水平方向的衰减规律、主振频率等，分析了拟建场地边立交桥在不同夯击能下的安全距离．结果表明：地表最大振动速度的衰减规律满足乘幂关系；强夯产生的振动的主振频率均处于10Hz以下；以地表振动速度作为判别标准，测得该场地在6000kN·m夯击能下对立交桥的安全距离为30m．     

汽车维修企业生产管理模式分析

介绍了汽车维修企业采用的两种生产管理模式，并作了较详缅比较，为汽车维修企业的管理者结合本企业的实际进行生产管理提供借鉴。     

采用回退法、迭算法优化牵引计算周期制动工况

当列车运行在长大下坡道上,通常采用空气制动的周期制动调整速度。为了满足两次空气制动间充风时间和列车空走时间的要求,常常会造成列车的出坡速度与下一坡段的限制速度速差不合理。针对长大下坡道上空气制动工况优化问题,采用工况初选策略自动计算到换坡点,然后进行进出坡检验。若列车的出坡速度不合理则采用不同的策略回退到回退基点,舍掉回退基点后的结果,将其前的结果作为计算的当前解,以此产生一个更优的新解,不断重复该过程直到出坡速度合理时停止迭代。最后得到的工况组合是优化的。