高隧道比路段隧道出入口驾驶员视觉负荷研究

为分析高隧道比路段驾驶员视觉特性变化规律与行车安全关系,本文首先分析了隧道出入口段驾驶员的瞳孔面积变化规律,并提出“负荷重复累积效应”概念表达频繁进出隧道过程中驾驶员视觉变化现象.采用瞳孔面积最大瞬态速度V_ω(t)作为评价指标描述驾驶员在隧道出入口的视觉负荷变化规律,以瞳孔面积最大瞬态速度值MTPA及换算视觉震荡持续时间作为评判视觉负荷大小的依据.建立了隧道出入口驾驶员视觉舒适度评价体系,然后依据此评价指标体系确定隧道出入口的驾驶员视觉负荷程度,最终判断隧道出入口对行车安全的影响程度.研究结果表明,本文的研究方法是可行的,可以很好地应用于高隧道比路段驾驶员视觉负荷评价研究中,可为隧道出入口安全保障提供一定的参考.     

阴影遮挡下组串式MPPT应用研究

以光伏组件BP4170为研究对象,基于Matlab建立了仿真模型,分析了光伏组串、光伏阵列在阴影遮挡下的输出特性,对集中式MPPT（最大功率点跟踪）和组串式MPPT的输出功率进行了评估和对比,并通过计算和分析得到组串式MPPT技术的适用范围,为光伏发电系统的设计提供了理论依据。     

城市轨道交通车厢内视觉广告合理设置研究

将视觉广告设置在城市轨道交通车厢内乘客密集的区域才能发挥其优势通过分析得出:车厢设施的类型和布置是决定乘客分布的主要因素.将车厢内的站立区域分为不同的设施服务区,对北京轨道交通典型线路设施服务区内乘客数的变化进行实地调研.运用非线性数值回归的统计分析理论,拟合北京地铁4号线和13号线乘客密度与各区域人数的关系曲线,得到乘客在车厢内的分布规律,为车厢内视觉广告的设置提供理论依据,并对广告的合理位置和内容提出建议.     

天津地铁空间行为探究

以天津地铁空间为例,基于格式塔心理学的视觉组织规律理论,同时依据现行地下空间设计相关标准,研究不同环境感受下人的空间行为.以地铁出入口、中间休憩服务区和商业区为研究“点”,以地铁通道空间为研究“线”,对不同环境下“点”、“线”上的人进行视觉环境应激研究.通过对不同年龄段人群的行为观察、问询及问卷调查分析,根据地铁节点空间和线性空间中主要环境因子引起的行为习性和适应水平,研究不同时段人流对于点、线空间的满意度.结果显示:地铁空间行为在空间秩序上呈现为“点”空间集聚、“线”空间流动的规律;人群流动以目的移动、任意移动及停留为特点;人群分布以目的性的集中线性分布与少数任意分布为主;地铁空间行为根据不同空间环境的视觉认知,存在压抑、亲切、不亲切的对应状态.地铁空间设计需从整体上把握地铁环境刺激的数量及强度值,掌握人感觉刺激的最佳适应水平.     

铁路车号自动识别系统的拓展应用

说明了铁路车号自动识别系统的拓展应用,期望未来的物联网时代,作为基础信息获取和处理平台的铁路车号自动识别系统,能够得到更广泛、更深入的应用。     

浅谈公路平曲线半径的区域划分与有关的缓和曲线

对选择平曲线半径的区域划分与有关的缓和曲线最小长度 ,同时对缓和曲线与圆曲线线形组合的基本形式进行简单讨论     

中国古代视觉理论探索

中国古人对视觉理论有过内容丰富的探讨。在对视觉形成机制的认识上,古人大都认为眼睛本身不能发光,它只有在接收到外光时才能见物,但也确有一些学者主张眼睛本身可以向外发射光线。古人还对视觉的局限性做过深入的分析,讨论了导致出现视觉局限性的主客观各种因素。他们用视觉局限性理论解释了一些重要科学问题,推进了相应学科的发展。他们对形成视觉局限性的物理机制的探讨,导致光行曲线学说和测不准观念的诞生。     

整体式悬挑结构与岩土共同作用研究

介绍了一种山区道路拓宽技术——整体式悬挑结构,运用有限元软件数值模拟了岩土对荷载的响应,提出了其简化计算方法；用visual c++编写了一种适用于该结构的计算程序,对该结构与岩土的共同作用进行了研究；得出了不同土体对结构受力的影响,实际工程选用老填土和碎石土是经济的.     

What Does Happen to Our Driving When We Get Older?

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to uncover the main antecedents associated with driving errors among older drivers in order to establish a framework for analyzing potential skill improvements using other approaches, for example, games. The article also aims at classifying age-related declines in seniors' abilities associated with their driving performance. The research undertakes an analysis of attempts made through the investigation of the literature. We have systematically searched papers and extracted (1) prevalent driving errors among seniors and (2) underlying age-related declines in seniors' abilities associated with their driving performance. We have also identified some characteristics of the research in this area (e.g. the research methods and geographical distribution of the research). Our expert panel mapped the functional declines in seniors' abilities to the driving errors to identify the relationship between these findings. A reliability test resulted in 81% reliability of findings. We have identified eight groups of driving errors, which could be affected by physical, visual, and cognitive declines among seniors. According to the experts' opinions, the underlying relationship of physical, visual, and cognitive declines among seniors and their driving errors were also presented. Our findings show that there is a potential for the use of innovative interventions such as playing video games to create an inexpensive, motivational, and enjoyable method that may provide a transfer effect to specific driving skills. This could help improve seniors' driving performance by improving specific functional abilities associated with driving.     

On a clear day in Ogunquit,Maine

Abstract

Winning a court case against a federal agency may seem to be the sweetest success for an environmental group, but losing litigation is not total failure. In the case of Ogunquit Village Corporation et al., vs. R. M. Davis the plaintiff lost the legal skirmish against the Soil Conservation Service, but in doing so significantly aided the struggle within the agency to implement more environmentally sensitive planning and engineering procedures. This paper describes the court case in terms of the Soil Conservation Service's procedural and policy responses including the agency's modus operandi and the internal paths/pitfalls involved with the implementation of visual resource management. The author also speculates as to the visual resource understanding of the evidence presented by the plaintiff and a possible but unstated visual basis for the original complaint.