洋山深水港区进港海堤变形观测及分析

为了解洋山深水港区西港区A区陆域形成对进港海堤的影响,自2006年10月初开始对进港海堤进行变形观测,此项工作至今仍在观测中.根据2006年10月至2007年12月,15个月的观测资料,阐述东海大桥进港海堤的变形观测方法与精度,同时,结合地质资料分析变形观测的数据.     

平面二维k-ε紊流模型不同壁函数的对比及研究

在平面二维紊流模型中壁函数起到连接流固的桥梁作用,克服了边界附近网格过密的困难,也是紊流模型应用中的一个重要环节,因此壁函数的选择对模型的模拟结果起着至关重要的作用。将3种不同形式的壁函数引入平面二维k-ε模型中,对丁坝绕流进行了数值计算,并将计算结果与实测数据进行了对比,从流场、流速、紊动动能分布及紊动耗散率等方面对3种壁函数进行优选验证,结果表明对数率壁函数优于其他两种形式的壁函数,其数值计算结果更接近实测数据。     

基于功能损伤的复杂电磁环境下炮兵目标毁伤评估

为适应复杂电磁环境,提高炮兵指挥员“科学决策,量敌用兵”的水平,依据目标在复杂电磁环境下的特点,综合利用了指数法和D-S理论等方法,分别对典型目标、电磁敏感目标和系统目标进行了功能损伤性毁伤评估。     

Analysis of velocity fluctuations and their intermittency properties in the surf zone using empirical mode decomposition

We consider here surf zone turbulence measurements, recorded in the Eastern English Channel using a sonic anemometer. In order to characterize the intermittent properties of their fluctuations at many time scales, we analyze the experimental time series using the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method. The series is decomposed into a sum of modes, each one narrow-banded, and we show that some modes are associated with the energy containing wave breaking scales, and other modes are associated with small-scale intermittent fluctuations. We use the EMD approach in association with a newly developed method based on Hilbert spectral analysis, representing the probability density function in an amplitude–frequency space. We then characterize the fluctuations in a stochastic framework using a cumulant generating function for all scales, and compare the results obtained from direct and classical structure function analysis, to EMD–Hilbert spectral analysis results, showing that the former method saturates at large scales, whereas the latter method is more precise in its scale approach. These results show the strength of the new EMD–Hilbert spectral analysis method for data presenting a strong forcing such as found in shallow water, wave dominated situations.     

轻质耐压壳体减重研究

本文结合几种材料的特性,对壳体的结构做了力学分析,研究了轻质耐压壳体的减重方向。研究中发现,隔板的设计对壳体的重量影响很大,因此详细分析了凹凸两种形式端板的力学特性,发现同等厚度条件下,凸型隔板的变形量小、安全系数高。分析对比了铝基合金、复合材料、钛合金的材料特性、加工特性、国内开发现状以及成本,认为现阶段应以铝基合金的改进为主,并关注其他材料的进展对壳体进行减重设计。     

分层多次高压注浆技术在挡土墙加固中的应用

分层多次高压注浆预应力技术的各种参数选定和计算方法的提出和推广,弥补了现有规范的不足。不仅仅适用于失稳加筋土挡土墙的加固,作为预应力锚固理论的创新和发展,对其他同类工程亦有借鉴意义。     

有限元可靠度方法在桥梁工程中的应用

一次二阶矩法是目前求解结构可靠性分析的主要计算方法之一．该方法要求功能函数对随机变量的偏导运算。然而对于以有限元方法分析为主的桥梁结构．无法对其隐式功能函数进行显式求导．限制了一次二阶矩法的应用。本文给出了隐式功能函数可靠度的随机有限元解决方案．考虑了有限元方法和可靠度方法结合使用过程中,经典一次二阶矩法的改造问题。算例表明,该方法能够适用于基于有限元的结构可靠度分析,并在求解过程中给出随机变量的敏感系数。     

基于指数函数非线性反馈的船舶航向保持控制

为研究船舶航向保持控制问题,本文以“育鹏”轮为研究对象,建立了其非线性Nomoto船舶模型,设计了基于闭环增益成形算法的指数函数非线性反馈控制器,并以“育鹏”轮的非线性模型为被控制对象,用Matlab的Simulink工具箱进行系统仿真研究。系统仿真结果表明,建立的非线性Nomoto数学模型精度良好,设计的控制器进行船舶航向保持控制时效果优异,并且更节能。使用这种方法设计的控制器,可以很好地进行船舶航向保持控制,对今后的船舶运动仿真和控制器的设计具有重要意义。     

How do economies of density in container handling operations affect ships’ time and emissions in port? Evidence from Norwegian container terminals

Efficient port services are prerequisites for competitive and sustainable maritime transports. This paper makes advances in studying the determinants of the time that ships spend in port and the associated emissions to air. We estimate a production model for cargo handling based on a unique dataset containing each port of call at the largest container terminals in Norway in 2014. In turn, we use auxiliary engine emission factors to estimate particulate matter and nitrogen oxide emissions from ships at berth, to determine how the corresponding damage costs of air pollution vary with container throughput, location, and terminal investments. We find that Norwegian container terminals operate under increasing returns to density. Small ships that unload few containers are far from reaping economies of density, leading to high marginal time requirements for container handling and consequently high marginal external costs. From a Pigouvian taxation perspective, port charges should therefore be regressive in the number of containers handled. Moreover, we find that the external costs of maritime transports are severely understated when port operations are ignored. Our model allows determining the marginal productivities of port facilities. Thereby, it is instrumental in designing port charges that are diversified according to the quantity of containers handled and the service quality (i.e., the speed of handling operations). Regarding contextual factors, we find that establishing high-frequent liner services improves the ship working rate, while simultaneous calls at a terminal impede productivity. The type of container (loading/unloading; empty/laden) also appears to influence the duration of ship working.     

基于GIS的航道辅助设计平台的设计与实现

基于航道地理空间特性和航道设计相关规范及工作流程,选用Arc GIS作为基本框架,经多项关键技术开发构建而成航道辅助设计平台。平台具有自然条件分析、河床演变分析、航道尺度计算及选线布置等设计功能,并配置水深数据识别、地形坐标转换等通用工具,可对航道基础数据和设计成果进行综合管理,初步实现专业间设计协同,基本达成航道设计工作的标准化和提高工作效率的目标。