基于复杂网络与Agent的作战系统建模

作战系统是复杂的大系统,对作战系统的建模一直是各国军事专家研究的重点。文章提出将复杂网络和Agent建模理论结合起来,对作战系统进行建模。采用Agent仿真作战实元,利用用复杂网络的理论分析各Agent间的各种信息的传输,从而达到为作战系统建模的目的。     

橡胶微膨胀混凝土抗压和抗折强度试验研究

为研究膨胀剂与橡胶颗粒对混凝土抗压强度与抗折强度的影响,研究了在混凝土中掺入不同种类及不同掺量的膨胀剂和不同比例的橡胶颗粒的力学性能.试验结果表明,在混凝土中加入膨胀剂能提高混凝土的抗压强度,抗折强度,弥补了橡胶加入后混凝土强度的部分减少量,其中膨胀剂掺量为10％,橡胶掺量为6％时,两者复掺的性能优于其他掺量的混凝土试...     

不同因素对公路用撒播融雪剂碳钢腐蚀影响的试验研究

融雪剂是道路常用的除冰雪方式,然而融雪剂对钢铁有一定的腐蚀作用,为了研究不同因素对融雪剂碳钢腐蚀的影响,试验分别研究了融雪剂溶液浓度、溶液配置方式、挂片旋转速度、不同水质和钢片对碳钢腐蚀率的影响。结果表明:在5%～15%浓度范围内,碳钢腐蚀率影响受融雪剂浓度影响较大,超过15%时,融雪剂浓度对碳钢腐蚀率影响较小,碳钢腐蚀率趋于稳定,且融雪剂浓度越大,碳钢腐蚀率越小;融雪剂中缓蚀剂的释放影响碳钢腐蚀率,不同试验方法对缓蚀剂的释放影响不同,机器高速搅拌对缓蚀剂释放更为有利;挂片旋转试验方法可以保证试片与溶液接触的均匀性,相较于静置试验,碳钢腐蚀率更高;碳钢腐蚀率的结果大小很大程度上取决于钢片的好坏,因此要严格控制钢片的质量。     

特细砂对素混凝土龄期强度的影响

以孟加拉吉大港工程采用特细砂配制的混凝土为研究对象，研究砂率、砂的细度模数、减水剂掺量等因素对素混凝土的龄期强度影响。结果表明，特细砂配制的素混凝土强度随龄期呈现先快速增大后缓慢增大的趋势，3 d强度达到28 d强度的55%以上，7 d强度达到28 d强度的70%以上；小幅度提高砂率对龄期强度影响不大；中砂较特细砂配制的素混凝土28 d强度有小幅提高；减水剂掺量超过1%时，28 d强度有大幅提高。     

Low-carbon futures for Shenzhen’s urban passenger transport: A human-based approach

Shenzhen, one of China’s leading cities, has the potential to be a model for achieving China’s ambitious CO₂ emission reduction targets. Using data from a travel diary survey in Shenzhen in 2014, we develop a human-based agent model to conduct a scenario study of future urban passenger transport energy consumption and CO₂ emissions from 2014 to 2050. Responses to different policy interventions at the individual level are taken into account. We find that with current policies, the carbon emissions of the urban passenger transport sector in Shenzhen will continuously increase without a peak before 2050. Strengthening 21 transport policies will help Shenzhen to peak the carbon emissions by 2030 for passenger transport. Among these policies, the car quota policy and the fuel economy standard are essential for achieving a carbon peak by 2030. In addition, a package of seven policies, including fewer car quotas, a stricter fuel economy standard, raising parking fees, limiting parking supply, increasing EV charging facilities and subway lines, and improving public transport services, is sufficient to peak carbon emissions by 2030, although at an emissions level higher than for the 21 policies.     

抗车辙剂改性沥青混合料的试验研究

随着交通量的增长以及轴载的加重,沥青路面的车辙问题日益严重,车辆的行驶舒适性和行车安全性受到很大威胁,从外掺抗车辙剂的角度出发,结合抗车辙剂的改性机理,研究了抗车辙剂改性沥青混合料的路用性能。试验结果表明,外掺抗车辙剂能够大幅度提高沥青混合料的高温抗车辙能力,且水稳定性和低温抗裂性能较普通沥青混合料有一定程度提高,最后总结了外掺抗车辙剂的施工工艺。     

低温环境下桥梁加固用结构胶研究进展

目前桥梁加固结构胶的研究方向主要集中在常温固化领域,无法满足桥梁加固所处的复杂条件与低温环境。桥梁加固结构胶主要组成部分为树脂与固化剂,一般固化剂可在常温或高温下固化树脂,但在低温条件下,固化时间较长或固化不完全,不利于冬季低温环境下的施工。建立一种可在低温条件(-5~5℃)下固化的固化体系是获得低温固化结构胶材料的核心技术。重点探讨了国内现有研究中固化剂改性及复配的研究现状,并展望了未来的发展前景及研究方向。     

An agent‐based simulation model to assess the impacts of introducing a shared‐taxi system: an application to Lisbon (Portugal)

This paper presents a new concept of urban shared‐taxi services. The proposed system has a new organisational design and pricing scheme that aims to use the capacity in traditional taxi services in a more efficient way. In this system, a taxi acting in ‘sharing’ mode offers lower prices to its clients, in exchange for them to accept sharing the vehicle with other persons who have compatible trips (time and space). The paper proposes and tests an agent‐based simulation model in which a set of rules for space and time matching between a request of a client and the candidate shared taxis is identified. It considers that the client is only willing to accept a maximum deviation from his or her direct route and establishes an objective function for selecting the best candidate taxi. The function considers the minimum travel time combination of pickup and drop‐off of all the pool of clients sharing each taxi while allowing to establish a policy of bonuses to competing taxis with certain number of occupants. An experiment for the city of Lisbon is presented with the objectives of testing the proposed simulation conceptual model and showing the potential of sharing taxis for improving mobility management in urban areas. Results show that the proposed system may lead to significant fare and travel time savings to passengers, while not jeopardising that much the taxi revenues. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新型化学固沙剂的试验研究

通过试验研究，证明了用聚乙烯醇为原料作为固沙剂稳定风积沙，具有良好的性能，从而说明该固沙剂是一种较好的筑路材料，具有较好的应用价值和广阔的应用前景。     

基于智能体与元胞自动机的智能交通仿真

针对智能体和元胞自动机在交通仿真研究中应用的相对独立现状,分析了智能体和元胞自动机理论方法在交通仿真研究和应用中的特性及各自存在的局限性和优势。指出两者都具有“由底向上”的设计特点,智能体能准确地描述各种复杂交通元素的特性和自主行为,但实现复杂,效率较低,而元胞自动机方法实现简单,仿真效率高,但难以体现交通元素的个体差异。探讨了这两种方法相结合进行智能交通仿真的可行性,以及它们的结合点和结合方法,构建了一个基于智能体和元胞自动机相结合的基本智能交通仿真模型。仿真结果表明,该方法既保持了元胞自动机的实现简单、效率高等基本特征和优点,又能反映交通系统中交通元素的自主特性和个体差异。