基于DSP控制的纯电动汽车无刷直流电动机

无刷直流电动机是一种高性能的电动机,它具有结构简单、运行可靠、维护方便、运行效率高、无励磁损耗、运行成本低和调速性能好等优点,因此,它在电动汽车上的应用与日俱增．对无刷直流电动机控制的优化是人们一直期待解决的问题。文章设计了利用TMS320LF2407DSP控制器构成的无刷直流电动机的无位置传感器控制的系统硬件和系统软件,实现了对无位置传感器无刷直流电动机的优化控制,试验证明了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

单矢量水听器多目标方位估计的算法研究

矢量水听器可有效抑制各向同性的背景噪声干扰,能同时共点地拾取声场的声压标量和振速矢量信息。这些信息的偶次阶矩组成了以各个目标的声强和方位为未知数的非线性方程组。为了求解该方程组,研究了具有全局最优化概率搜索的快速方法:遗传算法和小生境遗传算法,并对两者的性能进行比较。仿真试验的结果证明了算法的可行性,即基于小生境遗传算法能够实现单个矢量水听器进行多个非相干源目标的方位估计。为了提高弱目标的方位估计精度,又提出了二次小生境搜索方法。     

客滚船进水探测系统设计分析

对进水探测系统的安装目的和设计要求进行阐述,并对探测装置在不同水密区域要满足的布置要求进行分析。在此基础之上,对进水探测系统在安全返港中的应用进行分析,并解读相关规范,以确保进水探测系统不受事故界限内的事故影响。研究成果可为客滚船进水探测系统的设计与布置提供一定参考。     

基于无线传感器网络的危险品灾难应急救援系统

把无线传感器应用于危险品灾难应急救灾是一个有益的尝试。介绍了无线传感器网络和根据危险品灾难应急救援系统的概况。详细介绍了应急救援的无线传感器网络系统的结构,应急救援指挥中心软件的功能。     

A Distributed Virtual Backbone Formation for Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks

The virtual backbone is an approach for solving routing problems in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. A connected dominating set (CDS) was proposed as a virtual backbone to improve the performance of wireless networks. The quality of a virtual backbone is measured not only by approximation factor, which is the ratio of its size to that of minimum CDS, but also time complexity and message complexity. In this paper, a distributed algorithm is presented to construct a minimum CDS for ad hoc and sensor networks. By destroying triangular loops in the virtual backbone, the proposed algorithm can effectively construct a CDS with smaller size. Moreover, our algorithm, which is fully localized, has a constant approximation ratio, linear message and time complexity, and low implementation complexity. The simulation results and theoretical analysis show that our algorithm has better efficiency and performance than conventional approaches.     

A Novel Practical Cooperative Diversity Method for the Power-Limited Wireless Sensor Network

A novel practical cooperative diversity method for power-limited wireless sensor network system was proposed. At first, the system model was presented and the cooperation problem is formulated under the minimum outage probability criterion, then the focus was put on the power efficiency of system, such as the relay selection, cooperation strategy and power allocation etc. At last the uniform procedure of the proposed method was given. The results of the simulation clearly demonstrate that our method not only has the properties of simple operation and wide applying scope, but also outperforms those of current classical methods on the aspect of outage probability under the basis of the same power limitation.     

Optical fiber based slide tactile sensor for underwater robots

In the underwater environment, many visual sensors don’t work, and many sensors which work well for robots working in space or on land can not be used underwater. Therefore, an optical fiber slide tactile sensor was designed based on the inner modulation mechanism of optical fibers. The principles and structure of the sensor are explained in detail. Its static and dynamic characteristics were analyzed theoretically and then simulated. A dynamic characteristic model was built and the simulation made using the GA based neural network. In order to improve sensor response, the recognition model of the sensor was designed based on the ‘inverse solution’ principle of neural networks, increasing the control precision and the sensitivity of the manipulator.     

Development of a retrofit layer with an embedded array of piezoelectric sensors for transient pressure measurement in maritime applications

Measurement of transient pressure distribution on maritime structures is important for the assessment of the hydrodynamic loads applied. The commonly used pressure sensors are mostly bulky, need to be bolted to the structure, and/or only provide point-wise measurements. In this paper, an elastic matrix layer with a network of embedded piezoelectric sensors is proposed to address these issues. For experimental validation, a 400 × 400 × 5 mm epoxy layer is fabricated embedding 25 piezoelectric sensors on a square grid in accordance with Gauss-Lobatto-Legendre points. A finite element based inverse procedure is developed to reconstruct the pressure field from the electric potentials measured by the piezoelectric transducers. Feasibility of the concept is evaluated by measuring and reconstructing the pressure field generated by a travelling wave in a water tank. Sensitivity of the layer is also investigated through the experiments. The results indicate that the retrofit layer is capable of pressure field reconstruction, and that the presence of disturbances on the sensing surface does not affect the measurements in a notable way, while non-ideal conditions of the mounting can have a significant impact on the accuracy of the measurements. The results highlight the potential of the concept in pressure distribution measurements.     

基于物联网的无人水面艇航行状态监测系统设计

针对无人水面艇(Unmanned Surface Vessel, USV)航行状态监测及试航性能评估试验中的参数获取问题,设计一套USV航行状态监测系统。以物联网(Internet of Things, IoT)3层架构为基础,设计小尺寸、低功耗的监测方案。以多源传感器和STM32微控制器作为感知层,以远距离无线电(Long Range Radio, LoRa)网关及LoRa终端作为数据远程传输途径,以传输控制协议(TCP)作为数据远程传输协议,以云平台作为系统应用层,实现数据采集、传输和应用功能。基于监测系统要求,在应用层设置阈值实现航行状态预警功能。对系统功能及性能进行测试,结果表明,系统横、纵摇精度为±0.02°RMS,风速为(0.2±0.03) m/s,风向为±2.5°,所有监测参数技术指标均符合要求,且丢包率在通信距离小于1.4 km时为1.5%,较传统方法降低约22%。该系统可为进一步完善USV航行状态监测提供技术支持。     

美国俄勒冈州高速公路超载超限智能管理

我国各地公路超限超载严重,但目前用于各收费站的动态超载超限检测设备及其对超限车辆营运控制方法存在一定的局限性。美国俄勒冈的"绿灯项目"不仅克服这一缺陷,采集到更多的数据,而且还能真正实现对货运车辆的不停车管理。该文通过介绍这一系统的设备以及运用,并通过展示"绿灯项目"的部分数据分析成果,同时与国内研究项目相比较,为商务机车的超限超载以及管理提供新的方法和思路。