45#钢大厚度结构的焊接工艺

对中碳钢大厚度结构的焊接工艺流程的每个步骤都做了详尽的技术说明,通过对结构以及母材的可焊性分析,制定合理的焊接工艺措施,取得了满意的效果,可为类似的焊接作业提供借鉴。     

东风型内燃机车排气阀等离子焊修次数合理性的探讨

本文采用焊接热模拟方法,研究了机车柴油机排气阀(基材为4Cr14Ni14W2Mo 钢)等离子堆焊修复次数,以及“堆焊+时效”次数对其热影响区的过热区组织和性能的影响.试验结果表明,对排气阀的等离子焊修次数以不超过3次为宜.     

金相剖面法确定13CrMo44钢及焊接接头区的断裂韧性值

本文采用金相剖面法,通过测定压力容器用钢13CrMo44钢及焊接接头各区裂纹尖端饱和伸张区高度(SZD),来确定焊接接头不均匀体各区的断裂韧性.该法能把焊接接头各区的组织特征、微观断口形貌同断裂力学宏观参数紧密结合起来,克服了以往诸方法难以使裂纹尖端准确达到预定位置的缺陷.试验结果表明:用 P_5焊条手弧焊对接的焊接接头断裂韧性只有母材的一半,熔合区断裂韧性最低,是结构的最薄弱环节.焊接接头各区的断裂韧性值为合理评定压力容器缺陷,正确估算剩余寿命提供了依据.     

Application of analytical model in the prediction of dynamic responses and fatigue damage of flexible risers: Part II – Dynamic analysis of flexible risers in large-scale domain using a direct moment correction method

In recent years, the dynamic responses of flexible risers have been the focus of many researchers. Most flexible risers undergo a substantial level of irregular motion from environmental loadings, which involves a continuous slip of helical wires. The slip of helical wires especially leads to a hysteretic effect by reducing the bending stiffness, making it hard to predict the dynamic responses of flexible risers. The current study, as an extension to Part I, presents a new large-scale dynamic analysis method for flexible risers. The suggested method creates a large-scale model for the dynamic analysis that considers a geometric and bending nonlinearity of flexible risers. The kinematics of each beam element is formulated based on a Green-Lagrangian strain and the interaction with the seabed, providing a realistic analysis of flexible risers. In particular, the current study introduces a direct moment correction method that modifies the internal force vector using an improved analytical model. The improved analytical model is assigned at each node of the large-scale model and estimates an accurate bending hysteresis curve considering the effect of shear deformation and varying tension. The suggested method corrects the bending moment and shear force of all beam elements based on the bending hysteresis curves obtained from the improved analytical model, by which a complex bending behavior of flexible risers is reflected in a large-scale domain. As a result, this study achieves a more accurate prediction of the dynamic responses and fatigue damage of flexible risers. A new dynamic analysis program, called OPFLEX, is developed herein based on the suggested analysis method. Using the developed program, the current study conducts several numerical investigations to identify the effect of the shear deformation and varying tension. Consequently, it is confirmed that the shear deformation of internal layers reduces the fatigue damage of helical wires by delaying the increase of internal stress. It is also identified that the effect of varying tension deteriorates the fatigue life of flexible risers through a continuous change of contact pressure during bending.     

舭龙骨结构设计及安装研究

从水动力学入手,阐述了舭龙骨的作用原理,针对常规散货船和油船,给出了舭龙骨的典型结构、构件尺寸及设计要求,并对舭龙骨的材质和各部分结构的细节要求以及安装和定位要求,尤其是对端部的要求进行了详细论述,并对舭龙骨的焊接要求作了深入研究。     

船用大型铸钢件焊接裂缝及修复工艺研究

分析了船用大型铸钢件焊接中常见的几种焊缝裂纹及产生的原因。针对在复杂环境下焊缝区域产生的裂纹,提出了行之有效的修复焊接工艺。     

船体分段焊接变形仿真

船体分段在焊接过程中产生的焊接变形会使船体结构强度降低,然而精确预测和控制焊接变形是个难题.文章提供了准确预测焊接变形的固有应变等效载荷法.这种方法运用有限元法结合固有应变理论以及实验结果对焊接变形进行分析:引入简化的弹-塑性分析杆-弹簧模型,通过分析得到固有应变受焊接区域约束度及最高温度分布情况的影响;将固有应变转化为等效载荷,应用弹性有限元分析求得整个结构的焊接变形.计算结果与LEECH计算及实验结果吻合较好.     

激光焊接技术在轨道交通车辆中的应用

为解决轨道交通车辆不锈钢车体电阻点焊的外观质量差、密封性差、效率低等缺点,对部分熔透激光焊接工艺在不锈钢车体焊接中的应用开展了研究。研究包括:部分熔透激光叠焊原理、参数优化试验、显微组织分析、疲劳性能分析,以及激光焊接不锈钢车辆侧墙的结构改进。研究结果表明,不锈钢车体焊接中采用部分熔透激光叠焊工艺,可以获得高质量的表面状态及疲劳强度,车体结构强度高于EN12663标准中的要求。     

港口系统设备钢轨连接技术

港口系统设备一般外型尺寸和质量较大，多采用截面积较大的起重机钢轨作为行走轨道。根据港口系统设备使用特点和工程施工现场条件，结合码头和堆场结构，借鉴轻轨和重轨的无缝连接技术，对各种焊接工艺进行比较，分析钢轨的材料组成和焊接过程内部组织变化，推荐一种保证设备使用安全和操作人员舒适度、连接质量稳定、便于维护、操作简便、满足港口系统设备钢轨安装现场要求的连接方法和工艺,有助于实现工期目标，可推广应用于矿山、港口、电厂、码头及堆场等大质量机车或起重设备的钢轨连接。     

小组立生产线技术研究

在船舶生产制造过程中,小组立作为船舶零部件的最小单元对其进行归类划分,建立小组立智能流水线,对实现船舶智能化生产具有重要意义。文章研究了在船舶建造中,缩短前道工序的作业时间,做好组立阶段先行小组立的部材装配和焊接,以提高小组立生产效率,减小工人负担。可作为小组立生产线施工作业指导,也可以为其他同行提供借鉴和参考。