强风预测预警设备在上海轨道交通高架及地面线路中的应用

轨道交通高架及地面线路日常运营易受气象影响,每年汛期台风气候对列车在高架及地面段运行安全造成威胁,干扰了正常运营秩序。介绍了上海地铁运营管理部门分别在轨道交通2号线使用风速测量仪、在16号线利用自动气象站测风系统开展的强风预测预警实践工作。详细阐述了站点的选择、设备的选型,着重分析了自动气象站气象监测系统的选址,及系统功能和系统组成,对上海轨道交通测风试点工作的实践和运营管理的实际运用情况进行了总结。建议将气象监测系统的建设纳入新线规划,优化气象监测的显示,使预警发布更科学、合理。     

开关磁阻发电机在风力发电系统的应用

对开关磁阻发电机(Switched Reluctance Generator,简称SRG)在风力发电系统的应用进行了分析研究,重点分析了适用于风电场合的功率变流器、拓扑结构及合适的控制策略。利用功率变流器励磁,SRG可运行在很宽的转速范围内,有良好的调速性能。SRG作为飞机的启动/发电装置在高转速运行区域已经得到了成功应用,但在低中速运行区域的研究尚处于起步阶段。为了能对SRG的控制策略进行优化设计,建立了SRG系统仿真模型,并通过改变参数对系统的特性进行了研究。     

风力发电机组远程监控及风场风机管理软件的开发

为使风电机组可靠运行、高效发电及便于管理,开发了风机远程控制及风电场管理软件。该软件采用WINDOWS操作系统下的VC++加后台关系数据库、C/S(客户端\服务器)体系结构、多线程数据联系方式,界面友好,使用方便,现场运行可靠。文章描述了该软件数据库中风机特性表和数据处理表,介绍了其数据通信及处理模块等主要模块及部分关键技术。     

风区车站停留车辆防溜决策探讨及防溜设备改进设计

强大的风力和铁路电气化改造,使新疆风区停站车辆的防溜成了亟待解决问题.分析了车辆溜逸力的来源,构建了车辆溜逸阻力分析图,改进了防溜设备(一对能承受176.4 kN力的铁鞋及其止动器和左右螺母式手制动机),根据来袭大风风力,计算出防溜逸阻力需求,制定了防溜决策.如对一列挂有50辆空敝货物列车的防溜决策是:7至9级风可用2...     

赤石特大桥索塔三分力系数识别与抗风时程分析

介绍风速时程模拟方法,特别针对谐波合成法进行论述。以赤石特大桥为例,采用Fluent软件进行-4°～4°攻角范围内特定截面的三分力系数模拟分析,结果表明,当攻角为1°时,阻力系数最大。根据现场采集的风速样本,针对5号塔进行抗风时程分析,研究结果表明:采用不同的计算标准,动力系数结果并不一致,甚至当以横桥向弯矩为标准,脉动风荷载作用下索塔没有表现出动力放大效应;在桥面脉动风荷载作用、塔顶脉动风荷载作用下,塔顶的最大位移、索塔底部最大应力均在容许范围之内;索塔横桥向刚度远大于顺桥向,抗风分析应以顺桥向为主;采用不同的标准计算动力系数结果不同,进行拟静力分析时建议采用动力系数的最大值。     

高原用兆瓦级风电机组电气系统的改进设计

分析了高原气候对兆瓦级风力发电机组电气系统的影响,以WT1650型变速恒频双馈异步风力发电机组(1.65 MW)为例,提出了该风电机组在海拔4 000 m环境条件下运行的解决方案,并对其电气系统做了改进设计,整个改进方案对常规风电机组在高原环境下运行有良好的指导作用。     

准高速列车气动性能试验研究

介绍了以东风１１型内燃机车牵引的准高速列车风洞模型试验，包括以韶山型电力机车作牵引的对比试验。分别对４种列车牵引编组方案进行了气动阻力，列车表面压力及列车会车时的空气压力测量，于不同工况下共测得数据１８０组。在对测试结果进行分析研究的基础上，对其空气动力性能作了客观评价并对存在问题提出了建议。     

Strain estimation for offshore wind turbines with jacket substructures using dual-band modal expansion

Structural fatigue is a design driver for offshore wind turbines (OWT). In particular, the substructures, like jackets, are strongly affected by fatigue. Monitoring the fatigue progression in the welds is vital for the maintenance and a potential lifetime extension. However, inspections of critical locations are costly due to the limited accessibility of the mostly submerged jacket. Considering the high number of potentially critical welds, it is regarded as economically unfeasible to equip all fatigue hot spots with sensors. Thus, an indirect method to monitor the fatigue progress of the structure and point out critical locations is desirable. For a consistent support of ongoing maintenance, it has to yield reliable results for varying operational and environmental conditions. This paper applies a virtual sensing approach to jacket substructures. From a small set of sensors on the tower, fatigue at every desired location of the jacket is estimated using dual-band modal expansion. Simulations using the OC4 jacket design are performed to show potentials and limitations of the method. Namely fatigue progress on leg welds of K-joints is predicted with high accuracy over a wide range of load cases. However, some difficulties in fatigue prediction of X-joints due to the occurrence of local modes and limitations in the extrapolation of wave loading have to be resolved in future work.     

Response of the Black Sea mean level to atmospheric pressure and wind forcing

The response of the Black Sea mean level to atmospheric pressure (AP) and wind forcing is investigated using 5 years of TOPEX/POSEIDON (T/P hereafter) data. A coherence analysis is first applied to mean sea level and pressure to examine the validity of the inverse barometer (IB) approximation over this area. As expected, it reveals very significant deviations from an IB response attributed to the narrowness of the Bosphorus Strait and its limiting role in water exchanges. A comparison is drawn with the Mediterranean Sea case. A single basin version of the Candela analytical model [Candela, J., 1991. The Gibraltar Strait and its role in the dynamics of the Mediterranean Sea. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans 15, 267–300], which takes linear friction at the strait into account, is then used. The model explains a significant part of the T/P mean sea level variance (about 30%, while the IB correction only explains 5% of its variance) and provides a means to correct the altimeter data for the pressure effect much better than the standard IB effect. The response of the mean sea level to wind forcing is then analysed. Coherence analysis between sea level and along-strait wind stress (WS) reveals a significant coherence at periods ranging from 40 to 100 days, with an almost steady phase of 270°. This result is confirmed with a multiple coherence analysis (mean sea level vs. WS and AP). A plausible mechanism is a piling-up of water at the northern or southern end of the strait due to along-strait wind forcing. The associated along-strait pressure gradient would modify the barotropic flow in the strait and then the mean sea level. Using an extension of the Candela model, we show that this mechanism is consistent with T/P mean sea level observations.     

舰用燃气轮机RMS参数体系研究

根据舰用燃气轮机的任务需求和使用环境特点,综合RMS参数体系需要考虑的因素,按定量参数和定性要求,提出了舰用燃气轮机RMS参数体系,并给出了定量参数的含义以及计算公式.