城市公交线路调度发车频率优化模型

根据客流需求合理确定发车频率是优化调度方案，实现科学调度的关键工作之一。在分析现有模型的基础上，结合中国城市公交常用的调度模式，建立了以客流需求为基础数据，以乘客满意度和企业满意度加权平均值最大为目标的公交线路发车频率规划模型。介绍了优化模型的构建过程、目标函数与约束条件中各组成要素的计算方法以及模型的解法，阐述了模型所需数据的自动获取和处理方法。实例证明该模型是可行的。     

基于MSP430的便携式钢丝绳张力测试仪的研制

研制了一套基于MSP430F149的便携式钢丝绳张力测试仪．设计的特点在于，充分利用单片机核心芯片的内部资源，设计了外围电路和FFT程序，满足了频谱分析对运算速度和容量的需求，同时结合低功耗、抗干扰能力强的内装IC压电加速度传感器，实现了测试系统的便携化．结果表明，本仪器具有较好的重复性和精确性．     

基于无碰撞区跳频码的准同步组网方案

根据无碰撞区(No Hit Zone,NHZ)跳频码的特点,提出了一种基于NHZ跳频码的跳频通信系统多址接入准同步组网方案.仿真结果表明,该方案保证了跳频系统工作在NHZ跳频码的无碰撞区范围内,有效地降低了系统的多址干扰,改善了系统的整体误码率性能,适合于多用户跳频通信系统.     

应用共振频谱测定结构材料疲劳损伤剩余强度的试验研究

本文对自然条件相同的一组结构材料进行了等幅加载和变幅加载试验,测定了试件在各个承载阶段内的共振频谱.结果发现:被测试件从开始状态到疲劳断裂的各个阶段都有其表示疲劳状态的、特定的对应共振频谱.     

线性多变量系统分段频率域设计方法

本文介绍了线性多变量系统分段设计方法——即将多变量系统按高频段和低频段分别设计出相应的子控制器.使多变量系统在几个子控制器的控制下,满足对系统解耦、稳定性、动态性能和鲁棒性的要求。     

The cost of convenience; Air pollution and noise on freeway and arterial light rail station platforms in Los Angeles

Light rail transit (LRT) systems constitute one of the most sustainable public transportation modes and transit agencies have increasingly constructed LRT lines along the median of roadways to reduce land acquisition costs and traffic conflicts. Despite these conveniences, few studies have examined the air pollution and noise exposures for passengers on LRT station platforms within freeway or arterial medians. In response, we monitored particle number count (PNC) concentrations and noise levels on 17 station platforms in the Los Angeles metro system in summer 2012 and assessed differences between freeway and arterial platforms. We visited each station on average 7 times for approximately 19 min with two teams carrying a full set of instruments. As expected, impacts were higher on green line platforms in the center of a grade-separated freeway compared to blue line platforms in the center of an arterial due to being in close proximity to greater traffic volumes. Overall, freeway-arterial platform differences were 35,100 versus 20,000 particles/cm³ for PNC and 83 versus 62 dBA for noise. This average noise intensity on green line platforms was four times that on blue line stations. We also found that PNC concentrations were significantly higher at open air monitoring platform positions compared to standing under a shade canopy (about 2000 particles/cm³ higher), but that noise levels were significantly lower at open air positions compared to under canopy positions (about 3.2 dBA lower). Results identify important factors for transport planners to consider when locating and designing in-roadway LRT platforms.     

基于选择方案抽样调查的城市群低频率出行行为研究

为分析城市群内低频率城际出行行为,对长三角城市群内上海与其他城市间的城际出行进行选择方案抽样调查,基于城际出行行为调查数据建立出行方式选择的多项Logit(MNL)模型；选择方案抽样调查数据与随机抽样调查数据存在方案分层结构偏差和因素重视度偏差,故引入反转因子(IPW),分别用外源性样本极大似然估计(ESMLE)简单修正法和加权外源性样本极大似然估计(WESMLE)法对MNL模型进行修正.结果表明:未修正模型及2种修正法下的模型命中率分别为57％,75％和84％；WESMLE修正后的模型能基本满足建模精度要求；城市群内低频率城际出行行为受出行时间、费用及个人属性等因素影响,同时,也表现出一定程度的随机性和随意性.     

城市轨道交通线网全文检索系统的设计与实现

已有的企业级全文检索系统不宜直接应用于城市轨道交通行业,因为其不仅有自身的专业术语,而且数据量较大,所以对中文分词的准确性、切分速度和全文检索查询效率具有特殊需求。中文分词方面,针对字典分词方案,添加适合城市轨道交通行业的中文术语词库,采用MMseg中文分词算法;城市轨道交通线网数据量大,查询业务相对集中,所涉及的分布式全文检索系统采用结合主索引和增量索引的方案,在业务空闲时,执行主机采用多进程方式对检索任务进行处理,实现索引的合并。试验分三部分完成。其一,比较基于字典和字标注的两种中文分词方案,以论证选择字典分词方案的合理性;其二,针对于同一检索任务,在单机上比较不同进程数对检索时间的影响,以说明多进程处理技术的合理性;最后,测试整个系统的性能。试验结果表明,此方案和方法有助于改善检索性能和检索效率。     

道床板长度对减振垫轨道结构振动性能影响分析

橡胶减振垫整体道床是一种新型的减振轨道结构,然而,工程应用中,单元道床板结构长度的选择尚无明确指导性意见。采用模态分析、谐响应分析法分析不同道床板长度橡胶减振垫整体道床结构固有频率、振型及传递函数。分析表明:(1)单元道床板长度变化对道床垂弯、道床扭转振型主振频率影响较明显;(2)2.5、3.75 m单元道床轨道结构频谱幅值出现在一阶横弯振型频率,而≥5 m的道床板,其频谱幅值主要出现在道床沉浮振型对应频率附近;(3)减振垫整体道床频谱曲线幅值随着道床单元结构长度的增加而大幅减小;(4)当单元道床结构长度≥5 m时,频响幅值随单元长度变化不大。     

Who cycles more? Determining cycling frequency through a segmentation approach in Montreal,Canada

The decision to cycle frequently in an urban setting is a complex process and is affected by a variety of factors. This study analyzed the various factors influencing cycling frequency among 1707 cyclists from Montreal, Canada using an ordinal logistic regression. A segmentation of cyclists is used in a series of ordinal logistic models to better understand the different impacts of variables on the frequency of cycling among each group of cyclists for commute and for utilitarian purposes. Our models show a variation in the impacts of each dependent variable on frequency of cycling across the various segments of cyclists. Mainly making cyclists feel safe not only on bicycle specific infrastructure but also on regular streets, emphasizing the low cost, convenience and improving the opinion on cycling in the population are effective interventions to increase bicycle usage. Also, it was shown that women were less likely to cycle to work than men, but more likely to cycle for other utilitarian trips, pointing at the presence of specific barriers to commuting for woman. Although the findings from this study are specific to Montreal, they can be of interest to transportation planners and engineers working toward increasing cycling frequency in other regions.