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基板与陶瓷衬底之间的焊层寿命通常利用IGBT模块的被动加热和冷却(热循环)来测试,但这种试验会引起焊层失效(分层)。实际应用中,IGBT和二极管芯片是主动被加热的,诸如焊线脱落等其它模式的失效也会限制使用寿命,通常可通过功率循环试验来评估这种应力的影响。本文通过功率循环试验来评估衬底焊层的失效,利用高循环周次的测试进行有效的衬底焊层热循环试验,其关键在于功率循环过程中焊层温度的预测。在温度波动不大的条件下,比较了被动热循环和主动功率循环时对焊接寿命的影响。 相似文献
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The planning and development of pedestrian and cycling amenities in coastal urban environments is a challenging process because a wide range of policies and considerations must be taken into account. Among these, the concepts of sustainability and more recently, resilience, have been gaining prominence. Green Infrastructure design approaches can integrate aspects of both sustainability and resilience, providing multiple services within single development projects. This study focuses on Dublin and examines a range of amenity projects at various stages of development that relate to the provision of new coastal walking and/or cycle routes. These are initially contextualized at the city level before focusing specifically on challenges and benefits associated with the design and implementation of such projects. Based on our findings, recommendations are made for optimizing the potential of future projects to effectively integrate with other initiatives so as to deliver broader policy objectives. A simple sequential model is presented that should assist developers and decision-makers to take a more integrated, multidisciplinary approach to meeting policy goals when planning and developing coastal amenities. Finally, this is remodeled into a set of considerations that are generally applicable to coastal development proposals of significant scale. 相似文献
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针对翻车机牵车驱动装置在设计上存在问题,从机械结构和电气控制上进行了分析,并相应地进行了优化改造,使之更合理,消除了故障隐患。 相似文献
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选大鼠及小鼠用醋酸铅腹腔染毒法,初步探讨了铅对鼠红细胞免疫功能的影响。结果表明,连续染毒2周后,大鼠及小鼠的RBC-C_3b受体花环率未见明显改变,而RBC-IC受体花环率随染毒剂量的增加呈递增趋势,高剂量组与对照组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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To study the wind vibration response of power transmission tower, the lead viscoelastic dampers (LVDs) were applied to a cup tower. With time history analysis method, the displacement, velocity, acceleration and force response of the tower was calculated and analyzed. The results show that the control effect of lead viscoelastic dampers is very good, and the damping ratio can reach 20% or more when they are applied to the tower head. 相似文献
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Isam Kaysi Hani Mahmassani Sati Arnaout Lina Kattan 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2000,5(6):403-418
The serious public health effects of lead are widely recognized, and many countries of the world have taken steps to completely eliminate it from automotive fuels. This study reviews the international experience with phasing out leaded gasoline; considerations affecting adoption of unleaded fuel are identified, and difficulties underlying change are synthesized. Factors related to technology, supply availability, distribution channels, economics, and social equity are underlined. International experience is distilled into a set of desirable characteristics of policies for phasing out leaded fuel. Such desirable properties include robustness vis-à-vis enforcement and compliance, the existence of a few “control points”, flexibility with respect to future vehicle and fuel technologies, cost-neutrality, and fairness in terms of incidence on socio-economic groups. The case of Lebanon is considered in structuring a practical strategy for phasing out leaded fuel. Positive and negative factors likely to affect the success of lead phaseout strategies in Lebanon are identified. Consideration of these factors along with the desirable attributes of successful policies has led to the development of a recommended plan for leaded fuel phaseout. 相似文献
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